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Topic: Big bluestem

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	State Prairie Grass (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) was one of the more important grasses of the tall-grass prairie that formerly covered much of the state.
		Big bluestem grows to a height of between 1 and 3 meters (3-10 ft).
		The bill passed the General Assembly after the Big Bluestem was chosen in a poll of students conducted by the state Department of Conservation.
	www.museum.state.il.us /exhibits/symbols/grass.html (232 words)

	Big Bluestem
		Big bluestem, also known as turkey's foot, is a grass that can grow as tall as 3 to 8 feet high (0.9 m - 2.4 m).
		Big bluestem is native to the tall grass prairies of North America.
		Big bluestem is a warm season grass that starts leaf growth in late spring.
	www.northern.edu /natsource/GRASSES/Bluest1.htm (551 words)

	Big Bluestem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Big bluestem is a highly praised forage grass, as well as an exceptional conservation species.
		For these reasons, big bluestem is often a preferred component species of grass mixtures when retiring cropland to meadows and pastures in eastern Kansas.
		Big bluestem is a prize forage species - highly nutritious, it is widely used for pasture and hay.
	www.delangeseed.com /bigbluestem.htm (283 words)

	Andropogon gerardii
		Big bluestem is widely distributed in North America, from the Atlantic coast to the Rocky Mountains and from Florida and New Mexico to the prairie provinces of Canada.
		Big bluestem is aptly named as the stems can reach heights of up to 10 feet and take on a bluish tint as they dry out in the fall.
		Big bluestem produces a large amount of high quality forage and is valued as a mid- and late-summer forage.
	www.eeob.iastate.edu /research/iowagrasses/speciespages/AndroGerar/AndroGerar.html (497 words)

	Floridata: Andropogon gerardii
		Big bluestem is a perennial bunch grass that forms large clumps which expand slowly on short, scaly rhizomes.
		Big bluestem is adaptable to a wide range of soils; it thrives in light, porous soils as well as heavier, less well drained soils, even clays.
		Big bluestem, the "King of Grasses", is the official Illinois prairie grass.
	www.floridata.com /ref/a/andr_ger.cfm (768 words)

	AllRefer - Species: Big Bluestem \| Andropogon gerardii var. gerardii > Species: [20090]
		Big bluestem is shade tolerant, and its leaves are able to remain green and function with only 5 to 10 percent of full sunlight [108].
		Big bluestem is believed to have been the prevailing grass present during the formation of prairie soils [5].
		Increases in big bluestem growth following late spring burning are associated with increases in (1) the density of tillers [53,68,121], (2) root and rhizome biomass [46], and (3) size and number of leaves [4,69,70,121].
	reference.allrefer.com /wildlife-plants-animals/plants/graminoid/andgerg/all.html (7936 words)

	Big Bluestem - Andropogon gerardii
		The name big bluestem grass comes from the fact that this grass can grow to very big, 3 to 10 feet as a matter of fact.
		Big bluestem is known as a bunch grass because it grows in little hill shapes.
		Big bluestem is the tallest grass in the tall grass prairie.
	www.blueplanetbiomes.org /big_bluestem_grass.htm (230 words)

	Big Bluestem / Sharp Brothers Seed Company
		There are great variations in Big Bluestem that manifest themselves over its growing range with northern varieties generally being shorter and earlier maturing and southern varieties being taller and later maturing.
		Despite the need for moisture, Big Bluestem will tolerate long periods of drought due to the extensive root system that can be ten or twelve feet in depth, thus enabling it to efficiently use whatever moisture is available.
		Big Bluestem has relatively weak seedling vigor compared to weeds or cool season grasses: therefore, control of competition is necessary.
	www.sharpbro.com /clip001.html (1100 words)

	Species - Warm-Season Grasses \| Illinois NRCS
		Big Bluestem is one of the native, warm-season bunchgrasses noted for rapid growth during mid-to-late summer when high temperatures slow the growth of cool-season grasses.
		Big Bluestem plants can be distinguished from other warm-season grasses, even when plants are young, by the long white hairs on the stem and upper leaf near the base of the leaf.
		Big Bluestem may be grazed when it reaches a height of 14 to 16 inches and can be grazed continuously as long as a minimum height of eight to 12 inches is maintained.
	www.il.nrcs.usda.gov /technical/grazing/warmgrass.html (7759 words)

	Big Bluestem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Identification Features: Big Bluestem is a stout, coarse grass that may form large bunches or extensive sod.
		Ecological Notes: The symbolic grass of the tall prairie, big bluestem maintains its dominance through rapid growth, dense sod-forming habit, height, and shade tolerance of seedlings.
		Dense stands of big bluestem greatly reduce light penetration to the soil which discourages the growth of shorter species, but its own seedlings can photosynthesize at light values that are only five percent of full sunlight.
	www.taylor.edu /academics/acadDepts/ees/prairie/bigblue_photo.htm (214 words)

	Title: Switchgrass and Big Bluestem Response to Spring Burning and Glyphosate Application: Hay, Biomass, and Seed Yields (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		We burned or applied glyphosate to switchgrass and big bluestem in mid-April, early-May, and late-May in 1998 and 1999 at Rock Springs, PA. Dry matter yield was measured in July (hay harvest) or September (bioenergy feedstock harvest).
		Late burning reduced hay yields in big bluestem by 40% compared with a mid-April burn, whereas late glyphosate application reduced hay yields by 84% and biomass feedstock yields by 48% compared with a mid-April treatment.
		In 1999, big bluestem hay yields were not affected by burning, whereas glyphosate application reduced hay yields by 26 to 91% and biomass feedstock yields by 41% (Table 2).
	www.afgc.org /Sanderson2003.htm (1786 words)

	Big Bluestem - Native Seed - Bamert Seed Co. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Big Bluestem is a native warm season, perennial tall grass.
		Big Bluestem's dense root system saturates the top two feet of soil and may reach depths of up to twelve feet.
		Big Bluestem is a bunch grass and produces many leaves.
	www.bamertseed.com /descriptions/bigbluestem.htm (295 words)

	Switchgrass and Big Bluestem for Grazing and Hay, G94-1198-A
		Switchgrass and big bluestem produce 70 to 80 percent of their growth after June 1 in Nebraska, while more than 75 percent of cool-season grass growth, such as bromegrass and bluegrass, occurs before June 1.
		Big bluestem provides excellent warm-season grass pasture that can be continuously stocked for the entire summer if cattle are turned in when the grass is 10 to 12 inches tall (early to mid June).
		Harvest switchgrass and big bluestem hay according to the stage of plant growth and intended use of the hay.
	ianrpubs.unl.edu /range/g1198.htm (2349 words)

	Grassland Slides
		As such, on bluestem prairie the namesake "tallgrass" growth habit does not occur (and therefore the characteristic physiogonomy of tallgrass prairie is not apparent) until late in the growing season.
		Bluestem prairie grazed by stockers- Tallgrass prairie dominated by big bluestem with prairie dropseed as the associate being grazed by a mixed (both steers and heifers) herd of stocker cattle under Intensive Early Stocking.
		SRM 710 (Bluestem Prairie) and SRM 802 (Missouri prairie).
	www.tarleton.edu /%7Erange/Grasslands/Tallgrass%20Prarie/tallgrassprairie.html (11410 words)

	Big Bluestem for High Quality Summer Forage
		Big bluestem is considered an ice cream plant to livestock and if given the opportunity, livestock will graze the plants to ground level.
		In 1994 a 30 acre pasture was seeded to Bison big bluestem at the CGREC.
		Big bluestem performs best on silt and silt loam soils and with favorable management excellent stands can be maintained for 20 years or more.
	www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu /streeter/2001report/Big_Bluestem.htm (727 words)

	Big Bluestem
		Big Bluestem grows well in dry to wet environments, but it thrives in mesic prairies.
		Big Bluestem has an extremely impressive root system, extending six to seven feet into the soil.
		Big Bluestem will produce seeds the first year under favorable circumstances, and the second year if resources are limiting.
	www.nps.gov /miss/restoration/gallery/sedges/big_bluestem.html (106 words)

	G4673 Big Bluestem, Indiangrass and Switchgrass, MU Extension
		For example, if big bluestem is 40 percent PLS and the desired seeding rate is 7 pounds PLS per acre, 18 pounds of bulk seed would have to be drilled per acre.
		In the second year, 2 pounds of atrazine may be used in switchgrass, big bluestem and indiangrass (established indiangrass is tolerant of atrazine) to control annual grass weeds.
		Big bluestem and indiangrass are later maturing than switchgrass and are more complementary in grazing systems with cool-season grasses.
	muextension.missouri.edu /xplor/agguides/crops/g04673.htm (2799 words)

	Perennial Warm Season Grasses For Ohio, AGF-022-95
		Big bluestem (Andropogon geradi) is an erect, robust, perennial bunchgrass that grows 3 to 6 feet tall and is often reddish- purple at maturity.
		Big bluestem is more drought tolerant than other warm-season grasses and thus is better adapted to excessively drained soils with low water-holding capacity.
		Caucasian bluestem is a fine-stemmed, leafy grass that is drought tolerant, aggressive, and a prolific seed producer.
	ohioline.osu.edu /agf-fact/0022.html (3289 words)

	Big Blue Stem
		Big Bluestem is mainly raised in the midwest for hay and grazing cattle.
		Big Bluestem also is provided as a forage for cows to graze on after on after cool-season pastures have been utilized.
		Big Bluestem is recommended to be rotated with switchgrass pastures for high quality purposes.
	www2.msstate.edu /~jml12/bigblue.htm (256 words)

	big bluestem
		Big Bluestem / Tallest of the Tall, Turkey Claw, Turkey Foot Grass, King of the Prairie.
		Big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) was one of the more important grasses of the tall-grass prairie that formerly...
		Big bluestem grows to a height of between 1 and 3 meters...
	www.wendywooding.com /ornamental-grass/big-bluestem.php (847 words)

	Big bluestem
		This native tall grass is one of the highest quality forage grasses on the prairie.
		Livestock relish big bluestem, usually preferring it to other grasses.
		Big bluestem will often remain standing throughout the winter.
	www.lib.ksu.edu /wildflower/bigbluestem.html (274 words)

	Plants of Anderson Prairie/Big Bluestem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Big bluestem is the grandaddy of the prairie grasses, and was once among the dominant plants of the prairie.
		Big bluestem can be purchased today for those interested in landscaping with native plants.
		Pots of big bluestem are available for purchase at many local nurseries.
	www.andersonprairie.org /pictorialguide/bigbluestem.html (208 words)

	Native Seed - Bluestem - Bamert Seed Co. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The most productive sights for Big Bluestem have been found on the medium to tight soil in the Great Plains and Midwest.
		Big Bluestem is a bunchgrass and produces many leaves.
		Best plantings for Big Bluestems occur from late spring to midsummer, allowing time for establishment before the first frost.
	www.bamertseed.com /descriptions/bluestem.htm (289 words)

	Big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Big bluestem is found throughout the central and eastern US and is common on the Ouachita NF.
		Figure 5.2 data are based on the average percent cover by treatment (Figure 5.1) and the total number acres within the NF that each treatment represents.
		Figure 5.1—Big bluestem percent cover by treatment, Phase II research.
	www.fs.fed.us /oonf/mis/big_bluestem.htm (549 words)

	Lewis and Clark :: Species :: Big Bluestem
		Their abundance supported a tremendous diversity — from large herds of animals like pronghorn, to birds, to butterflies — that led the Corps to call this land a Garden of Eden.
		Big bluestem is the dominant grass in the Midwest’s tallgrass prairies.
		Big bluestem is one of the largest prairie grasses, reaching heights between 6 and 10 feet.
	nature.org /wherewework/northamerica/lewisandclark/animals/bluestem.html (490 words)

	Warm-Season main
		Big bluestem is a tall growing, bunch grass that is more drought tolerant than other warm- season grasses and thus is better adapted to excessively drained soils with low water-holding capacity.
		Big bluestem seed is chaffy and will not flow well unless it has been debearded, a process which removes the chaff and hair from this seed.
		Switchgrass and bluestem seeding rates of 8-10 and 10-12 lb per acre, respectively, of pure live seed is recommended for vigorous stand establishment.
	www.farminfo.org /forage/warmseason-m.htm (2190 words)

	Illinois Symbols, Prairie Grass: Big Bluestem - SHG Resources
		The big bluestem is Illinois' tallest prairie grass.
		The big bluestem grows in moist soils and lowlands and is not very plentiful in uplands.
		Big bluestem develops a tremendous root system which saturates the top 2 feet of soil and reaches depths of 12 feet.
	www.shgresources.com /il/symbols/grass (661 words)

	Mycorrhizal Citations
		In the absence of mycorrhizae, however, competitive effects of big bluestem were greatly reduced and Junegrass experienced competitive release.
		Thus, the competitive dominance of big bluestem in tallgrass prairie is strongly related to its mycorrhizal status.
		Relative yields of wild rye competing with big bluestem increased in the absence of mycorrhizae, suggesting that it also experiences competitive release when big bluestem are not mycorrhizal.
	mycorrhiza.ag.utk.edu /latest/1994/94_hetri3.htm (254 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Switchgrass and Big Bluestem Response to Spring Burning and Glyphosate Application: Hay, ...
		Thus, mid to late April seems to be the threshold date for glyphosate application to switchgrass and big bluestem sods in climates similar to central Pennsylvania.
		We burned or applied glyphosate to switchgrass and big bluestem in April, early-May, and mid-May in 1998 and 1999 at Rock Springs, PA. Dry matter yield was measured in July (hay harvest) or September (bioenergy feedstock harvest).
		Glyphosate application, however, should be done before mid to late April if switchgrass or big bluestem are to be cut for hay in summer or by the first of May if the grasses are to be harvested in September or later.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?seq_no_115=146495 (512 words)

	Ecological Genomics in Kansas
		Using a microarray chip with over 12,000 individual genes developed for corn, we were able to assess the up and down-regulation of big bluestem genes in response to delayed water availability.
		Analysis of a total of thirteen pairs of plants from the two treatments resulted in the hybridization of over 2000 cDNAs from bluestem of sufficient intensity that it was possible to assess the response of expression to treatment.
		We have identified amplified fragment length polymorphism markers for use in characterizing the populations of big bluestem for comparison.
	www.ksu.edu /ecogen/Garrett.html (482 words)

	Andropogon gerardii - Big Bluestem, Turkeyfoot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Big Bluestem is a beauty from the prairies that once was the major component of our Midwestern landscape.
		Flowering begins in mid summer and is followed by narrow elongated seed heads resembling the feet of turkeys, hence its common name.
		Big Bluestem, like our other native grasses is tolerant of a wide range of soil and moisture conditions but does best in full sun and average soil.
	www.sunlightgardens.com /pages/1009.html (125 words)

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