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	Bangladesh Bilateral Investment Treaty
		BIT's are consistent in purpose with the network of treaties of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation (FCNs) which the United States negotiated from the early years of the Republic until the last successful negotiations with Thailand and Togo in the late 1960's.
		Investment of nationals and companies of either Party shall at all times be accorded fair and equitable treatment and shall enjoy full protection and security in the territory of the other Party.
		With respect to investments made or acquired prior to the date of termination of this Treaty and to which this Treaty otherwise applies, the provisions of all of the other Articles of this Treaty shall thereafter continue to be effective for a further period of ten years from such date of termination.
	www.state.gov /e/eb/ifd/43237.htm (6116 words)

	TURKEY BILATERAL INVESTMENT TREATY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		I recommend that this treaty, as well as the others concluded with the Kingdom of Morocco, the Republic of Haiti, the Republic of Panama, the Republic of Senegal, and the Republic of Zaire, be submitted to the Senate for its advice and consent to ratification.
		Investments shall not be expropriated or nationalized either directly or indirectly through measures tantamount to expropriation or nationalization ("expropriation") except for a public purpose; in a nondiscriminatory manner; upon payment of prompt, adequate and effective compensation; and in accordance with due process of law and the general principles of treatment provided for in Article II(2).
		Any dispute settlement procedures regarding expropriation and specified in the investment agreement shall remain binding and shall be enforceable in accordance with the terms of the investment agreement, relevant provisions of domestic laws, and applicable international agreements regarding enforcement of arbitral awards.
	www.mac.doc.gov /tcc/data/commerce_html/tcc_2/TurkeyInvestment.html (5129 words)

	ALCA FTAA ZLEA Investment Agreements: Compendium - Summary
		However, Trinidad and Tobago concluded a bilateral investment treaty with the United States in 1994 and one with Canada in 1995, Barbados with Venezuela in 1994 and Canada in 1996, while Jamaica signed a BIT with the United States and another with Argentina, both in 1994.
		The scope of application of investment treaties is determined by the definition of investments and investors which are covered by their provisions and thus enjoy the protection accorded by them.
		Bilateral investment treaties and trade and integration agreements use different criteria to define the nationality of a company or legal entity in order to grant it the benefits of an “investor” under the agreement.
	www.ftaa-alca.org /ngroups/ngin/publications/english99/compinv1.asp (4166 words)

	[08 Jan 1999] TAD/1864 : UNCTAD HOSTS BILATERAL INVESTMENT TREATY NEGOTIATIONS BY GROUP OF 15 COUNTRIES
		The conclusion of BITs was one of the policy measures identified by G-15 heads of State and government at their Seventh Summit Meeting in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in November 1997, to enhance South-South cooperation over foreign direct investment (FDI) and promote FDI flows amongst developing countries.
		Bilateral investment treaties are the single most important instrument governing investment relations between States.
		Overall, the most significant differences in the formulation of substantive provisions among BITs are on the admission of investments, general standards of treatment (especially with respect to the scope and range of qualifications and exceptions to the standards of national and MFN treatment), standards for compensation upon nationalization, balance-of-payments exceptions regarding the
	www.un.org /News/Press/docs/1999/19990108.tad1864.html (1618 words)

	SICE - Bilateral Investment Treaties (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The second section is devoted to the investment provisions included in the multilateral trade and integration arrangements found in the Western Hemisphere: NAFTA, G-3, the two Mercosur investment protocols, Decision 291 of the Andean Pact and Caricom.
		It covers the key provisions of 35 bilateral investment agreements signed between countries of the region, in addition to the investment provisions included in Western Hemisphere multilateral trade and integration arrangements (NAFTA, Group of Three, Mercosur, Andean Pact and Caricom) and in three bilateral free trade agreements (Bolivia-Mexico, Costa Rica-Mexico and Canada-Chile).
		In addition to the investment provisions in the Treaty of Chaguaramas which established the Caribbean Community and the Caribbean Common Market on July 4, 1973, Caricom countries also approved in 1982 a body of principles and guidelines dealing with investment issues.
	www.sice.oas.org /bitse.asp (302 words)

	USTR Release on U.S.-Lithuania Investment Treaty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		"The treaty is a key element of an expanded trade relationship and reciprocal market-opening commitments in the interest of both countries.
		The BIT is the 18th signed during the Clinton Administration and the 41st overall.
		Bilateral investment treaties with Estonia and Latvia, the two other Baltic states, were signed in 1994 and 1995, respectively.
	www.usemb.se /BalticSec/ustr.html (229 words)

	Bilateral Investment Treaty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) is an agreement establishing the terms and conditions for private investment by nationals and companies of one state in the state of the other.
		This type of investment is called Foreign direct investment (FDI).
		Most BITs grant investments made by an investor of one Contracting State in the territory of the other a number of guarantees, which typically include fair and equitable treatment, protection from expropriation, free transfer of means and full protection and security.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bilateral_Investment_Treaty (717 words)

	Read Messages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The move to terminate those investment treaties concluded with fellow EU members is significant as they have provided for the majority of the 8 arbitration claims faced by the Czech Republic under investment treaties.
		The second modification to the BIT relates to the process whereby a panel of three arbitrators would be selected to arbitrate investor-to-state disputes in those instances where the parties to the dispute fail to agree on the choice of a third arbitrator.
		If the treaty were to apply to such disputes, Canadian investors who are currently suing for breach of a stability agreement might be able to bring additional claims for breach of the various protections written into the new investment treaty.
	lists.iisd.ca:81 /read/messages?id=27506 (16143 words)

	Treaty Traders and Investors
		In a situation where the treaty trader or investor is a corporation, individual employees entering the United States under E status must have the same nationality as that treaty business.
		The trade must be "substantial", principally between the United States and the treaty country, and the employee or principal trader entering the United States must serve the company in either a managerial or executive position or is performing some "essential skills" in the company.
		The E-2 treaty investor visa is available to nationals of the treaty country who are engaging in investment in the United States.
	www.nol.net /~vega/treaty.htm (1719 words)

	Investment treaty with US on cards -DAWN - Business; 11 April, 2004
		Official sources told Dawn here on Saturday that the Board of Investment (BoI) had finalized various details with the help of the ministries of finance, commerce, industries and the law division to help sign a bilateral investment treaty between the two countries.
		The treaty was to be signed between the two sides during Commerce Minister Humayun Akhtar Khan's visit to Washington that was scheduled to start on April 11.
		Even through there is a clear need for a sharp expansion of both private investment and non-interest and non-defence public spending, it is the qualitative aspects of this expansion that will, in the final analysis, assure the productivity improvements vital for growth and poverty reduction.
	www.dawn.com /2004/04/11/ebr1.htm (492 words)

	The Journal of Asian Law \| Back Issues
		These negotiations have yielded several trade- and investment-related agreements including a bilateral trade agreement, several bilateral income tax agreements, and a bilateral investment guarantee agreement.
		As the modern day successor to the post World War II treaties of Friendship, Commerce, and Navigation (FCN), a BIT is a more specialized reciprocal agreement to encourage investment and provide certain guarantees and formal protection for investment activities in a foreign country.
		BIT negotiations with the PRC arose from three sources.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/asiaweb/v2n2stei.htm (631 words)

	Description of E-1 (treaty trader) and E-2 (treaty investor)
		INVESTMENT TREATY MUST BE IN EXISTENCE BETWEEN THE U.S. The E nonimmigrant category is available only if a treaty of commerce and navigation or a bilateral investment treaty providing for nonimmigrant entries is in existence between the U.S. and the foreign country.
		The nationality of the company engaging in trade or investment is the nationality of those persons who own at least 50% of the stock of the corporation; The nationality of the persons owning the corporate stock is their country of citizenship.
		Treaty country citizenship must be held by each employee or principal of the treaty enterprise who seeks E status pursuant to the treaty.
	www.hooyou.com /e1e2/requirement.html (1372 words)

	News Update
		On July 2, 1997, the United States and Jordan signed a "Treaty Concerning the Encouragement and Reciprocal Protection of Investment." The agreement was ratified by the Jordanian Parliament in 1998 and by the U.S. Senate in 2000.
		The Treaty provides Jordanian investors in the United States and U.S. investors in Jordan with the highest standard of international protection for the security of their investments.
		In particular, the Treaty affords national treatment to investors in the partner countries, ensuring that U.S. companies in Jordan and Jordanian companies in the United States are treated as favorably as their competitors.
	www.usembassy-amman.org.jo /05bit.html (360 words)

	SICE BITS - United States/Ecuador
		Companies which are legally constituted under the applicable laws or regulations of one Party, and which are investments, shall be permitted to engage top managerial personnel of their choice, regardless of nationality.
		In any proceeding involving an investment dispute, a Party shall not assert, as a defense, counterclaim, right of set-off or otherwise, that the national or company concerned has received or will receive, pursuant to an insurance or guarantee contract, indemnification or other compensation for all or part of its alleged damages.
		Any dispute between the Parties concerning the interpretation or application of the Treaty which is not resolved through consultations or other diplomatic channels, shall be submitted, upon the request of either Party, to an arbitral tribunal for binding decision in accordance with the applicable rules of international law.
	www.sice.oas.org /bits/usecu_e.asp (2830 words)

	US Senate approves US-Uruguay bilateral investment treaty
		The US-Uruguay Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) will benefit the economies of both countries, is an important step toward closer economic cooperation between the two nations and reflects the United States’; commitment to explore and expand economic opportunities in the Western Hemisphere, say senior U.S. officials.
		Washington — The U.S.-Uruguay Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) will benefit the economies of both countries, is an important step toward closer economic cooperation between the two nations and reflects the United States’; commitment to explore and expand economic opportunities in the Western Hemisphere, say senior U.S. officials.
		The BIT signed November 4, 2005, by the United States and Uruguay at the Summit of the Americas, held in Mar del Plata, Argentina, was approved by the United States Senate September 12.
	www.bilaterals.org /article.php3?id_article=5911 (590 words)

	Pakistan, US make progress on treaty: Bilateral investment -DAWN - Business; 05 March, 2005
		The new draft of the proposed bilateral investment agreement has been prepared by Prime Minister's Advisor on legal affairs Syed Sharifuddin Pirzada, vetted by the law ministry and approved by the cabinet division.
		The sources said Pakistan has agreed that it was inappropriate to encourage bilateral investment by weakening or reducing the protections afforded in domestic labour laws.
		However, it proposed an alternative clause in replacement of Article 13, (relates to investment and labour in the proposed BIT) which ensures that each party shall not waive, or otherwise derogate from, such (labour) laws in a manner that weakens or reduces adherence to the ILO Conventions ratified by the party concerned.
	www.dawn.com /2005/03/05/ebr6.htm (681 words)

	U.S.-Estonian Investment Treaty
		The United States is concluding such protocols to its bilateral investment treaties (BITs) with eight countries that are acceding to the European Union or are candidates for accession.
		The U.S.-Estonian bilateral protocol represents an agreement on specific amendments to the Bilateral Investment Treaty with Estonia that was signed April 19, 1994, and entered into force February 16, 1997.
		The BIT helps to promote greater economic cooperation and to stimulate the flow of private capital by encouraging a stable framework for investment and clarifying dispute resolution procedures.
	www.usemb.ee /bilater.php (298 words)

	Documents Centre - Investment Treaty News (ITN) - Investment \| IISD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This arbitral award was rendered by an ICSID tribunal in September of 2006 in an arbitration under the Norway-Hungary bilateral investment treaty.
		The EC's ability to negotiate international investment agreements is limited, as it shares competence on foreign investment with the 25 EU member-states.
		This Decision was rendered by an ICSID tribunal in November of 2005, following objections by Argentina to the jurisdiction and competence of the tribunal in a case being heard under the France-Argentina bilateral investment treaty.
	www.iisd.org /investment/invest-sd/documents.asp (1643 words)

	Investment Treaty News (ITN) - Investment \| IISD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Investment Treaty News (ITN) is a reporting service which monitors the international treaties governing overseas business investments.
		Investment Treaty News has been published (under several different names) for the last five years.
		Because many investment treaty lawsuits are not a matter of public record, ITN investigates and unearths these cases, bringing them to public attention.
	www.iisd.org /investment/invest-sd (445 words)

	Chapter 6: Investment Climate - Reykjavik, Iceland
		The major law governing foreign investment is the 1996 Act on Investment by Non-residents in Business Enterprises, which grants national treatment to non-residents of the European Economic Area (including U.S. citizens).
		Waivers are not available to these restrictions, although the government is considering opening the energy sector and some aspects of the fishing industry to foreign investment in the medium term.
		Major foreign investors: Under Icelandic law, investment statistics gathered by the Central Bank and Icelandic Bureau of Statistics cannot be released on a company- or project-specific basis.
	reykjavik.usembassy.gov /chapt_6.html (897 words)

	Bilateral Investment Agreements -- U.S. Commercial Service Algeria
		In December 2001, Algeria and the EU concluded negotiations on the Association Agreement that was ratified by the Algerian Senate on March 31, 2005 and took effect September 1 2005.
		The Association Agreement will commit both sides to further liberalization of bilateral trade and is intended to make Algerian businesses and consumers benefit from the development of trade and investment ties.
		Prospects for a U.S.-Algeria BIT were discussed at the December 2004 TIFA meetings and received periodic mention throughout 2005.
	www.buyusa.gov /algeria/en/bilateral_investment_agreement.html (293 words)

	Bilateral Investment Treaties: Bibliography
		Broches, Aron, Bilateral Investment Protection Treaties and Arbitration of Investment Disputes, in The Art of Arbitration, Liber Amicorum, Pieter Sanders 63 (J. Schultsz and J. van den Berg eds., 1982).
		Coughlin, William E., The U.S. Bilateral Investment Treaty: An Answer to Performance Requirements?, in Regulating the Multinational Enterprise, National and International Challenges 129 (B. Fisher and J. Turner eds., 1983).
		L.Q. Dolzer, Rudolf and Stevens, Margrete, Bilateral Investment Treaties (1995).
	www.worldbank.org /icsid/pubs/treatbibl/main.htm (2185 words)

	green light to multinationals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The World Bank hosted International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) has ruled that it is perfectly acceptable for multinationals to change the country of their legal headquarters in order to protect their investments.
		The Bolivian Government argued before ICSID that the Bilateral Investment Treaty with Holland did not apply as Aguas del Tunari did not have one cent of Dutch capital in the company.
		It is the main tribunal chosen as the mediator in bilateral investment treaties signed between Governments.
	www.arena.org.nz /water43.htm (632 words)

	Improving Trade with Uruguay: Cementing Economic Reforms and Advancing a Hemispheric Pact
		A bilateral free trade agreement is unfeasible because Uruguay is a full member of Mercosur, a South American common market that includes Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
		Thus, U.S. and Uruguayan negotiators agreed on a bilateral investment treaty that guarantees equal treatment for domestic and foreign businesses for broad commercial sectors and establishes methods to redress commercial grievances.
		Although short of a free trade agreement, a bilateral investment treaty with Uruguay can be another step in securing a prosperous, stable neighborhood of the Americas.
	www.heritage.org /Research/TradeandForeignAid/em944.cfm (1080 words)

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