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Topic: Bilateral cingulotomy

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	Encyclopedia of Medicine \| Psychosurgery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The bilateral cingulotomy, a modern psychosurgical technique which has replaced the lobotomy, is performed to alleviate mental disorders such as major depression, bipolar disorder, or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), which have not responded to psychotherapy, behavioral therapy, electroshock, or pharmacologic treatment.
		Bilateral cingulotomies are also performed to treat chronic pain in cancer patients.
		In a bilateral cingulotomy, the cingulate gyrus, a small section of brain that connects the limbic region of the brain with the frontal lobes, is targeted.
	health.enotes.com /medicine-encyclopedia/psychosurgery/print (702 words)

	PSYCHOSURGERY - Neurosurgical Service - Massachusetts General Hospital
		The results of bilateral cingulotomy in 198 patients suffering from a variety of psychiatric disorders were reported retrospectively by Ballantine et al in 1987.
		A recent retrospective study evaluating cingulotomy in 33 patients with refractory obsessive compulsive disorder demonstrated that using very strict criteria for successful outcome, at least 25 to 30% of patients benefited substantially from the procedure.
		In patients with major affective disorder, subcaudate tractotomy in 50%, cingulotomy was effective in 56%, limbic leucotomy in 61% and capsulotomy in 67%.
	neurosurgery.mgh.harvard.edu /Functional/psysurg.htm (6380 words)

	MGH Cingulotomy Unit - Neurosurgical Service - Massachusetts General Hospital
		That the patient is a suitable candidate for cingulotomy or 2.
		The patients were assessed by using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R preoperatively and with the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Sickness Impact Profile both preoperatively and at all follow-up assessments.
		Cingulotomy remains a viable treatment option for patients with severe treatment-refractory OCD.
	neurosurgery.mgh.harvard.edu /Functional/CINGULOT.HTM (902 words)

	Bilateral Anterior Cingulotomy for Refractory Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Long-Term Follow-Up Results
		Objective: To investigate the long-term efficacy and adverse cognitive effects of stereotactic bilateral anterior cingulotomy as a treatment for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients.
		Materials and Methods: Seventeen patients suffering from refractory OCD underwent stereotactic bilateral anterior cingulotomies and were followed for 24 months.
		Conclusions: Bilateral anterior cingulotomy was effective for the treatment of refractory OCD, and no other significant adverse cognitive effects on long-term follow-up were found.
	content.karger.com /produktedb/produkte.asp?doi=95031 (265 words)

	Bilateral Hydronephrosis
		Bilateral aid - Bilateral Aid is given by the government of one country directly to another.
		Controversially, it is also a self-proclaimed "modern psychosurgical technique" that has replaced the lobotomy as a direct brain surgery used to alleviate mental illness such as major depression...
		But because these targets for the form of their field theory with insight into account for the consumption investment; expectations, output, and opportunity cost of Satanism on macroeconomic stabilization was influenced by firing Viktor Chernomyrdin, a practical algorithms used to macroeconomic factors in New York: 1990.
	in51.growthsummit.com /bilateralhydronephrosis.html (264 words)

	Psychosurgery.org: Psychosurgery in Russia
		Actually, it wasn't a completely new indication - stereotactic cingulotomy (the operation used in Russia) has been used in India as a treatment for addiction and in the UK (and presumably in other countries) a small number of addicts have been operated on, although not in recent years.
		The results were published in the Journal of Human Physiology (S V Medvedev, A D Anichkov, and Yu I Polyakov, 2003, Physiological mechanisms of the effectiveness of bilateral stereotactic cingulotomy against strong psychological dependence in drug addicts, Human Physiology, vol 29, 492-97).
		Dr Medvedev is quoted as saying: "We take out a cubic millimetre from one hemisphere and another cubic millimetre from the other hemisphere and that stops the addiction", which is strange since bilateral cingulotomies usually destroy about 2,000 times this amount of brain.
	www.psychosurgery.org /2006/02/psychosurgery-in-russia.html (961 words)

	Battered Women The Neurology of Explosive Rage: The Dyscontrol Syndrome
		Experimental and clinical evidence links explosive rage to disorders involving the phylogenetically ancient limbic system, which includes the amygdala and hippocampus of the temporal lobe, the hypothalamus, the fornix, the cingulate gyri and cingulate bundle, the septum pellucidum, and the septal area (see illustration).
		Since then it has been shown that electrical stimulation of the amygdala can produce either rage or tameness, depending upon the precise placement of the electrodes, and that in man and animals explosive rage can be abolished by bilateral amygdalotomy.
		Tumors of the corpus callosum which spread to involve the overlying cingulate gyri usually cause apathy, but explosive rage can occur if the septal area is involved.
	www.homestudycredit.com /courses/contentBW/secBW16.html (737 words)

	Neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders -- OVSIEW and FRIM 63 (6): 701 -- Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and ...
		Figure 1 (A) Coronal MRI of acute and (B) sagittal MRI of chronic cingulotomy lesions.
		Cingulotomy for intractable obsessive-compulsive disorder: prospective long-term follow-up of 18 patients.
		A study of cingulotomy in man. In: National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research, ed.
	jnnp.bmj.com /cgi/content/full/63/6/701 (2758 words)

	Prospective Long-Term Follow-Up of 44 Patients Who Received Cingulotomy for Treatment-Refractory Obsessive-Compulsive ...
		cingulotomies; and 4) at the most recent follow-up (a mean of
		Ballantine HT Jr, Bouckoms AJ, Thomas EK, Giriunas IE: Treatment of psychiatric illness by stereotactic cingulotomy.
		Corkin S, Twitchell TE, Sullivan EV: Safety and efficacy of cingulotomy for pain and psychiatric disorder, in Modern Concepts in Psychiatric Surgery.
	ajp.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/full/159/2/269 (3828 words)

	Human cingulate cortex and autonomic control: converging neuroimaging and clinical evidence -- Critchley et al. 126 ...
		In Patient 2, the tumour infiltrated tissue bilaterally throughout the genual and dorsal ACC, including the region identified in the functional imaging study behind the surgical excision.
		Bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus lesions; syndrome of the anterior cingulate gyri.
		Laplane D, Degos JD, Baulac M, Gray F. Bilateral infarction of the anterior cingulate gyri and of the fornices.
	brain.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/126/10/2139 (6348 words)

	Controversial Psychosurgery Resulted in a Nobel Prize
		bilateral anterior capsulotomy (in the United States also cingulotomy), and the indications have changed to chronic anxiety - and
		The blood vessels are made visible by injecting a dye that is opaque to X-rays.
		Cingulotomy and bilateral anterior capsulotomy - are methods used to destroy connections between cortical areas and basal ganglia, areas which have shown signs of hypermetabolism in tomographies.
	nobelprize.org /nobel_prizes/medicine/articles/moniz/index.html (2789 words)

	The impact of extensive medial frontal lobe damage on 'Theory of Mind' and cognition -- Bird et al. 127 (4): 914 -- ...
		A clinical diagnosis of bilateral infarction in the
		Channon S, Crawford S. The effects of anterior lesions on performance on a story comprehension test: left anterior impairment on a theory of mind-type task.
		Alteration of intention and self-initiated action associated with bilateral anterior cingulotomy.
	brain.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/127/4/914 (7842 words)

	Status of neurosurgery for mental disorder in Scotland: Selective literature review and overview of current clinical ...
		cingulotomy (bilateral thermal lesions of the anterior cingulate
		Jenike, M. A., Baer, L., Ballantine, H. et al (1991) Cingulotomy for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder.
		Vilkki, J. Late psychological and clinical effects of subrostral cingulotomy and anterior mesoloviotomy in psychiatric illness.
	bjp.rcpsych.org /cgi/content/full/182/5/404 (4692 words)

	Page 2 - scientology and psychiatric drugs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		>>another form of psychosurgery called bilateral cingulotomy and others still go on.
		Cingulotomi is still used but is extremely rare, and only performed in the most severe cases of
		those junk psychs oeprate on his brain with cingulotomi, which is same crazy as lobotomy.
	www.cyclingforums.com /t-82967-15-2.html (4916 words)

	I AM Phoenix Rising!!! - PAIN: PURE ABSOLUTE PAIN!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
		I am at the point with the pain that I have recently viewed information about the current, "bilateral cingulotomy" - for anyone who doesn't know what that is...
		I need to figure out where all the money for everything is going to come from.
		Tags: pain, chronic pain, depression, madness, bilateral, cingulotomy, severe pain, sadness, despair, sorrow, lobotomy
	namaste2u.multiply.com /journal/item/30 (681 words)

	Page 2 - scientology and psychiatric drugs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		>>>>psychosurgery called bilateral cingulotomy and others still go on.
		Cingulotomi is still used but is extremely rare, and only performed
		brain with cingulotomi, which is same crazy as lobotomy.
	www.cyclingforums.com /t-269442-15-2.html (4665 words)

	Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory - Publications
		Corkin, S. (1979) Hidden figures test performance: Lasting effects of unilateral penetrating head injury and transient effects of bilateral cingulotomy.
		Corkin, S. (1980) A prospective study of the safety and efficacy of cingulotomy.
		Semantic knowledge in patient H.M. and other patients with bilateral and medial and lateral temporal lobe lesions.
	web.mit.edu /bnl/publications.htm (4322 words)

	HouseTV.org - Failure to Communicate
		When he fell in love, he wanted that life and was forced to make a change.
		House mentions bilateral cingulotomy, a surgical procedure that some people claim helps mood disorders.
		House says that it wasn’t the surgery, but a bug Fletcher picked up on his trip to South America for the surgery.
	www.housetv.org /s2e10.html (1244 words)

	Human Anterior Cingulate Cortex Neurons Encode Cognitive and Emotional Demands -- Davis et al. 25 (37): 8402 -- Journal ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Pillay PK, Hassenbusch SJ (1992) Bilateral MRI-guided stereotactic cingulotomy for intractable pain.
		Richter EO, Davis KD, Hamani C, Hutchison WD, Dostrovsky JO, Lozano AM (2004) Cingulotomy for psychiatric disease: microelectrode guidance, a callosal reference system for documenting lesion location, and clinical results.
		Ruff CC, Woodward TS, Laurens KR, Liddle PF (2001) The role of the anterior cingulate cortex in conflict processing: evidence from reverse Stroop interference.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/25/37/8402 (2402 words)

	Psychosurgery.org: 02/01/2006 - 02/28/2006
		In anterior cingulotomy, one of the most commonly used psychosurgical operations nowadays (used in recent years in for example the USA, Canada, Scotland, South Korea, Russia, France, Poland, and Australia), the aim is to "produce lesions of approximately 1x1x2 cm within the anterior cingulate cortex of each hemisphere (ie total lesion volume = ~ 4cc)"
		There is a mention of Dr Harry Bailey, who was prominent in psychosurgery in Australia in the 1970s.
		The operation he favoured for his patients was the anterior cingulotomy, which is still used, for example, at Massachusetts General Hospital in the US and at Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, Scotland.
	www.psychosurgery.org /2006_02_01_archive.html (5928 words)

	NWH Gamma Knife Center \| PHYSICIANS \| Outcomes
		Not all types of pain respond to Gamma Knife treatment and the overall success rate is about 60%.
		Sometimes combining Gamma Knife treatment and another procedure called bilateral cingulotomy will result in pain relief when either procedure alone is unsuccessful.
		Our goal is to try to reduce the patient’s pain by at least 50% because total relief of pain is difficult to achieve.
	www.nwhgammaknife.com /gamma/phys_outcomes.asp (2050 words)

	Anxiety Disorder Treatment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Mental Disorder Treatment - Mental Disorder Treatment Local Hospitals We list thousands of U.S. hospitals and clinics across the United States in our directory.
		www.morehospitals.com Bilateral cingulotomy - The bilateral cingulotomy is a brain surgery performed to treat chronic pain in cancer patients.
		Mental Disorder Depression Anxiety - Mental Disorder Depression Anxiety Local Hospitals We list thousands of U.S. hospitals and clinics across the United States in our directory.
	depression.vvvvvv3.com /anxietydisordertreatment.html (456 words)

	Human Anterior Cingulate Cortex Neurons Modulated by Attention-Demanding Tasks -- Davis et al. 83 (6): 3575 -- Journal ...
		to record the activity of human ACC neurons during awake cingulotomy
		Stereotactic extracellular microelectrode recordings were made in the ACC during bilateral cingulotomy in nine patients with
		toward the lesion target bilaterally at 20-40 mm posterior to
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/83/6/3575 (2400 words)

	A Review of Pharmacologic Treatments for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder -- Kaplan and Hollander 54 (8): 1111 -- ...
		before and six months after bilateral cingulotomy, five patients
		Baer L, Rauch SK, Ballantine T, et al: Cingulotomy for intractable obsessive-compulsive disorder.
		Greenberg BD, George MS, Martin DJ, et al: Effect of prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a preliminary study.
	psychservices.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/full/54/8/1111 (4649 words)

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