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Topic: Bile salts

	Bile - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bile salts combine with phospholipids to break down fat globules in the process of emulsification by associating its hydrophobic side with lipids and the hydrophilic side with water.
		Since bile increases the absorption of fats, it is an important part of the absorption of the fat-soluble vitamins: D, E, K and A.
		Yellow bile and fl bile were two of the four vital fluids or humours of ancient and medieval medicine (the other two were phlegm and blood); for example, melancholia was believed to be caused by a bodily surplus of fl bile.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bile_salts (413 words)

	The Analyst - Internet Health Report: Treatment: Bile Salts
		Between 90 and 95% of bile acids are reabsorbed, mainly from the lower half of the small intestine, and undergo enterohepatic recirculation; small quantities occur in the stools and very little is normally excreted in the urine.
		Within the intestines the primary bile acids are acted upon by bacteria and converted to the secondary bile acids, identified as deoxycholate (from cholate) and lithocholate (from chenodeoxycholate).
		Two grams of ox bile salts were administered daily to a child of five years who had a congenital deficiency of bile salts, for a period of 11 months, with consequent improvement in fat absorption and no evidence of ill effects Lancet, 1955, p.1087.
	www.digitalnaturopath.com /treat/T143745.html (1414 words)

	Head group-independent interaction of phospholipids with bile salts: a fluorescence and EPR study -- Wüstner et ...
		Bile salts are amphiphilic molecules that aggregate in aqueous
		in the absence of bile salts and I
		Solubilization of phospholipid analogue micelles by bile salts
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/41/3/395 (5362 words)

	Bile salts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Bile salts are steroids with detergent properties which are used to emulsify lipids in foodstuff passing through the intestine to enable fat digestion and absorption through the intestinal wall.
		Most of the bile salts secreted into the upper region of the small intestine are absorbed along with the dietary lipids that they emulsified at the lower end of the small intestine.
		The most abundant of the bile salts in humans are cholate and deoxycholate, and they are normally conjugated with either glycine or taurine to give glycocholate or taurocholate respectively.
	www-biol.paisley.ac.uk /courses/stfunmac/glossary/bile.html (239 words)

	Feedback Regulation of Hepatic 7alpha -Hydroxylase Expression by Bile Salts in the Hamster -- Spady et al. 271 (31): ...
		The concept of a gut-derived hormonal substance controlling hepatic bile salt synthesis is appealing due to the pronounced effects of various hormones on bile salt synthesis in cultured hepatocytes (39).
		In contrast, hamsters (46) and humans (42, 43, 44) are apparently unable to significantly alter the pattern of bile salts synthesized by the liver and continue to synthesize mainly cholate and chenodeoxycholate derivatives during biliary obstruction.
		In the case of taurocholate infusion, decreased conversion of cholesterol to bile salts would be offset by the increased secretion of biliary cholesterol that accompanies bile salt infusions (15).
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/271/31/18623 (7469 words)

	Secretion of Bile and the Role of Bile Acids In Digestion
		Bile is a complex fluid containing water, electrolytes and a battery of organic molecules including bile acids, cholesterol, phospholipids and bilirubin that flows through the biliary tract into the small intestine.
		Bile acids are derivatives of cholesterol synthesized in the hepatocyte.
		The cholesterol-derived portion of a bile acid has one face that is hydrophobic (that with methyl groups) and one that is hydrophilic (that with the hydroxyl groups); the amino acid conjugate is polar and hydrophilic.
	arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu /hbooks/pathphys/digestion/liver/bile.html (1024 words)

	bile salts - General Practice Notebook (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Bile acids can be divided into those made in the liver - primary forms - and those derived from primary bile acids by the action of gut bacteria - secondary forms.
		Primary bile acids are transported into the biliary tree by carrier-mediated passive diffusion.
		The majority of bile salts are reabsorbed within the gut for recycling back to the liver - the enterohepatic circulation.
	www.gpnotebook.co.uk /cache/765067303.htm (193 words)

	TikiWiki : Bile Salts
		Bile salts are detergent-like chemicals produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder.
		The bile therapy led to long-term improvement: a follow-up two years after the intial study found that nearly 80% of the patients that received bile salts were in remission, while only 7% of the control group could say the same.
		Bile salts are available as a nutritional supplement in the United States and other countries.
	www.med-owl.com /psoriasis/tiki-index.php?page=Bile+Salts (246 words)

	Bile definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Bile: Bile is a yellow-green fluid that is made by the liver, stored in the gallbladder and passes through the common bile duct into the duodenum where it helps digest fat.
		The principal components of bile are cholesterol, bile salts, and the pigment bilirubin.
		Cholesterol is normally kept in liquid form by the dissolving action of the bile salts; an increased amount of cholesterol in the bile overwhelms the dissolving capacity of the bile salts and leads to the formation of cholesterol gallstones.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=2459 (304 words)

	Diagnose-Me: Treatment: Bile Salts
		Cystic fibrosis is associated with poor lipase secretion and, as a result, poor fat digestion.
		Once a gallbladder is removed it is important to be on bile acid supplements.
		Bile is stored in the gallbladder and is released when fat enters the first part of the small intestine (duodenum) in order to aid digestion.
	www.diagnose-me.com /treat/T143907.html (417 words)

	Cholesterol and Bile Metabolism
		Synthesis of bile acids is one of the predominant mechanisms for the excretion of excess cholesterol.
		Bile acids are carried from the liver through these ducts to the gallbladder, where they are stored for future use.
		bile acids and phospholipids solubilize cholesterol in the bile, thereby preventing the precipitation of cholesterol in the gallbladder.
	web.indstate.edu /thcme/mwking/cholesterol.html (2843 words)

	Bile Salts: Natural Detergents for the Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases -- Herold et al. 43 (4): 745 -- ...
		or absence of bile salts (0 to 5 mg/ml).
		Effects of bile salts at a concentration of 1.0 mg/ml (a), N-9 at a concentration of 0.001% (b), or BZC at a concentration of 0.01 mg/ml (b) against microbial infection.
		Brief exposure (1 h) of HSV to bile salts was sufficient to induce irreversible, virucidal effects.
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/43/4/745 (4441 words)

	Susceptibility and Adaptive Response to Bile Salts in Propionibacterium freudenreichii: Physiological and Proteomic ...
		Nontreated cells (a), cells exposed to extreme bile salts challenge (1.0 g/liter, 1 h) (b), and bile salts-adapted cells (0.2 g/liter, 4 h) exposed to extreme bile salts challenge (1.0 g/liter, 1 h) (c) were examined by scanning electron microscopy.
		and bile salts adaptations (BSSPs 1, 2, 6, 20, 22, and 24).
		Protein synthesis was monitored by metabolic labeling during 60 min of bile salts adaptation (0.2 g/liter) (b), thermal pretreatment (42°C) (c), saline pretreatment (0.3 M NaCl) (d), or acid pretreatment (pH 5.0) (e).
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/69/7/3809 (4683 words)

	Bile salts induce or blunt cell proliferation in Barrett's esophagus in an acid-dependent fashion -- Kaur et al. 278 ...
		Bile salts induce or blunt cell proliferation in Barrett's esophagus in an acid-dependent fashion -- Kaur et al.
		Inhibition of PKC inhibits hyperproliferative response of BE to bile salts.
		Bile acids as components of the duodenogastric refluxate: detection, relationship to bilirubin, mechanism of injury, and clinical relevance.
	ajpgi.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/278/6/G1000 (6129 words)

	Bile Salts
		Bile Salts 3 is a mixture of the two salts, sodium cholate and sodium deoxycholate, which was developed specifically for microbiological applications.
		It differs from Ox Bile Extract in several ways, thus is preferred for media such as MacConkey broth and agar, Brilliant Green Bile Broth and EE Broth.
		Bile powders with high levels of Deoxycholic Acid demonstrate a toxicity that may be unacceptable for eg.
	www.nzp.co.nz /products.php?cid=2&pid=6 (387 words)

	Bile Salts Diarrhea
		I called my Internist and she said I had Bile Salts Diarrhea and sent me a medication called Cholestyramine to be mixed in water or juice once a day.
		This is aided by bile entering the small intestine from the liver and gallbladder.
		But Questran is also an effective treatment for bile acid malabsorption in people with PCD, because the absorption by Questran also reduces the amount of available bile acids that contributes to the bile acid malabsorption.
	members.tripod.com /~jerrytx_2/bsd1.html (1539 words)

	Intraduodenal conjugated bile salts exert negative feedback control on gall bladder emptying in the fasting state ...
		Intraduodenal conjugated bile salts exert negative feedback control on gall bladder emptying in the fasting state without affecting cholecystokinin release or antroduodenal motility -- van Ooteghem et al.
		Bile salts in the IMC are thought to be responsible
		Effect of bile salt binding or protease inactivation on plasma cholecystokinin and gallbladder responses to bombesin.
	gut.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/50/5/669 (4054 words)

	Bile Salt Transporters: Molecular Characterization, Function, and Regulation -- Trauner and Boyer 83 (2): 633 -- ...
		bile salt transport from the basolateral to the canalicular membrane,
		Conversion of cholesterol to bile salts by CYP7A1 and 8B1 is stimulated by oxysterol-activated liver X receptor (LXR).
		Bile salts inhibit their own synthesis by farnesoid X receptor (FXR)-dependent activation of SHP-1, which in turn suppresses CYP7A1 and 8B1 transcription.
	physrev.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/83/2/633 (9719 words)

	Shopping.com - Find, Compare, and Buy Anything in Seconds
		Contains detergent properties used to emulsify lipids Aids in fat digestion and absorption Bile salts breakdown saturated into unsaturated fats Helpfu...
		Description:Bile Acid Factorsâ¢ consists of a mixture of highly concentrated bile acids (also called bile salts), mostly in the conjugated form, f...
		Bile is one vehicle the body uses to...
	www.shopping.com /xGS-Bile_Salts (898 words)

	bile salts and elimination (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		A client had small bowel resection in Dec. and the Dr. has suggested that he take something that will bind bile salts and that may help him with his bowel movements.
		The surgery area is where most of the salts are absorbed and that with the area gone the salts will have a tendency to cause irritation and result in loose bowels.
		The : surgery area is where most of the salts are : absorbed and that with the area gone the : salts will have a tendency to cause : irritation and result in loose bowels.
	www.nspforum.com /bbs.cgi?read=13764 (500 words)

	An Active Type IV Secretion System Encoded by the F Plasmid Sensitizes Escherichia coli to Bile Salts -- Bidlack and ...
		effect of bile salts depended on both the plasmid and the strain.
		Bile salt sensitivity can be attributed to an active type IV secretion system.
		bile salts, the sensitivities of the two strains diverged.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/186/16/5202 (4689 words)

	Abstract: Shigella and bile salts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		in the presence of the bile salt deoxycholate or chenodeoxycholate enhanced the bacterial invasion of HeLa cells.
		The increased invasion induced by the bile salts appears to be due to increased adherence.
		The enhanced adherence was specific to Shigella spp., since the enteroinvasive Escherichia coli strains tested did not exhibit the effect in response to growth in bile salts.
	www.sbs.utexas.edu /paynelab/Abstracts/abstract4.htm (180 words)

	Bile Salts
		Bile salts are chemicals that aid digestion and lipid absorption, they are derived from steroids and have some detergent properties.
		Cholacol Contains Concentrated Bile Salts And Collinsonia Root To Aid In Dietary Fat Metabolism And Absorption
		This is a combination of Di-Sodium Phosphate, fenugreek seed and bile salts in a capsule.
	www.becomehealthynow.com /category/suppsbilesalts (214 words)

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