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Topic: Bilinear filtering

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Trilinear filtering

Bilinear interpolation

Anisotropic filtering

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	Trilinear filtering - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Once this is done the rest becomes easy: perform bilinear filtering on the two mipmaps with pixel sizes that are immediately larger and smaller than the calculated size of the pixel, and then interpolate between them as normal.
		Since it uses both larger and smaller mipmaps, trilinear filtering cannot be used in places where the pixel is smaller than a texel on the original texture, because mipmaps larger than the original texture are not defined.
		Fortunately bilinear filtering still works, and can be used in these situations without worrying too much about abruptness because bilinear and trilinear filtering provide the same result when the pixel size is exactly the same as the size of a texel on the appropriate mipmap.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Trilinear_filtering (348 words)

	Bilinear filtering - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bilinear filtering is a texture mapping method used to smooth textures when displayed larger or smaller than they actually are.
		Because of this, most pixels will end up needing to use a point on the texture that's 'between' texels, assuming the texels are points (as opposed to, say, squares) in the middle (or on the upper left corner, or anywhere else; it doesn't matter, as long as it's consistent) of their respective 'cells'.
		Bilinear filtering uses these points to perform bilinear interpolation between the four texels nearest to the point that the pixel represents (in the middle or upper left of the pixel, usually).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bilinear_filtering (618 words)

	Encyclopedia: Bilinear filtering
		bilinear interpolation between the four texels nearest to the point that the pixel represents (in the middle or upper left of the pixel, usually).
		Trilinear filtering is a high quality bilinear filter which uses the four closest pixels in the second most suitable mip map to produce smoother transitions between mip map levels.
		Trilinear filtering is capable of producing fine visuals, but it only samples from a square area which in some cases is not the ideal method.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Bilinear-filtering (535 words)

	[H]ard\|Forum - More stress on GPU, AA or AF?
		Trilinear Texture Filtering: Trilinear filtering is a high quality bilinear filter which uses the four closest pixels in the second most suitable mip map to produce smoother transitions between mip map levels.
		To calculate a pixel color in bilinear filtering mode, for instance, the colors of four texels are used (or four "texture pixels" closest to the spot on the object surface, to which the pixel center is projected).
		When used in conjunction with trilinear filtering, anisotropic filtering utilizes an additional average of 8, 16, or 32 texel samples within the ellipse to determine the color to be mapped to the target surface.
	www.hardforum.com /printthread.php?t=886092 (3618 words)

	UnrealWiki: Bilinear Filtering
		This is where Trilinear Filtering comes into play, by adding a third linear filter between the mipmap levels, these lines are eliminated.
		Bilinear filtering is one method by which different mipmaps are interpolated between when a frame is rendered, not the method by which the mipmaps are generated.
		A bilinear filter is simply a transformation that uses bilinear interpolation, but it is not technically a requirement for mipmapping, nor is mipmapping a requirement for bilinear filtering of textures onto a surface.
	wiki.beyondunreal.com /wiki/Bilinear_Filtering (864 words)

	Vision Engineer - Bilinear Filtering (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Bilinear filtering or interpolation is used in computer graphics to reduce "blockiness".
		Bilinear filtering solves "blockiness" by taking 4 neighbouring pixels of the texture map [texels], and averaging between them.
		However, since bilinear filtering samples neighbouring pixels from a square area, it can only produce convincing results for surfaces at a right angle to the viewer.
	www.visionengineer.com /comp/bilinear_filtering.shtml (206 words)

	[No title]
		Bilinear filtering:Technique that allows to solve the problems related to textures which are smaller than the object to which they should be applied.
		In this case we would have a blocky effect, due to the expansion of the texture on the surface; using interpolation among a texel and the four adjacent, the bilinear filtering displays the correct texel, fading the block borders.
		Filtering: Processes of various kind on the visualized pixel which allow to correct distortions during the application of textures, using adjacent pixels as reference.
	web.tiscali.it /marcoveglio/features.html (2162 words)

	HiEnd3D
		Bilinear filter provides satisfactory results in most cases, especially when color derivation of adjacent texels in relatively low.
		The filter number for each inter-texel interval is stored along with the texture - it will take additional 4 bits for each texel.
		At the rendering stage, by reading this filter number, it is possible to use correct specific filter for each inter-texel interval.
	www.hiend3d.com /smartflt.html (453 words)

	Pete's Filtering - Emuforums.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Bilinear is accomplished by reading four adjacent texels versus the single texel read of point sampling.
		Then Pete, (if you are using bilinear filtering) the way you are using bilinear filtering is a bit strange because it seems to be applied to texture a strange way in your plugins : the texels from the sides are calculated using only two adjacent texels.
		Filtering the texture on each polygon has a big limitation, though: you can't know what polygons/textures are around the current rendered poly, so the look gets 'tilish' (to explain it easy, look at older threads for better explanations, that has been discussed a thousand times, I think).
	forums.ngemu.com /.../11294-petes-filtering.html (821 words)

	3DCenter - Will "brilinear" filtering persist?
		Bilinear filtering means to mix 4 texel from the "most suitable" MIP map to one color value.
		The formula for the trilinear filtering is of course selected in such a way, that the textures are as sharp as possible, but texture shimmering just does not appear.
		The special logic of the filter which is needed for brilinear filtering had to be implemented into the hardware, i.e.
	www.3dcenter.org /artikel/2003/10-26_a_english.php (1476 words)

	FS 3D Guide: Filtering and Lighting
		Basically, bilinear filtering finds the weighted average of the color of the block of 4 textels, and then it assigns that color to the pixel.
		Bilinear filtering is pretty much the standard, and most 3D accelerators should have bilinear support.
		Bilinear filtering is good and all, but there are some artifacts that even it can't solve.
	www.firingsquad.com /guides/videolightfilter/page2.asp (349 words)

	Gamasutra - Features - "Run-Time MIP-Map Filtering" [12.11.98]
		The filtering of the textures either can be carried out during the startup of your game, or you can prefilter all of your textures during development.
		Once textures have been filtered, all you have to do at run time to achieve basic per-polygon MIP-mapping is to select the correct MIP-map level (or LOD) for the desired texture and pass this to the renderer.
		Bilinear filtering attempts to further reduce any aliasing errors present in a scene by averaging the values of the four pixels that are closest to the real u and v texture values for each pixel.
	www.gamasutra.com /features/19981211/flavell_01.htm (3939 words)

	Ace's Hardware (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		With bilinear filtering, the four neighbours of a pixel are averaged to calculate the color of a given pixel.
		If you use bilinear filtering, the video card will compare the original color of the pixel with the one above, the one below, and the pixel left and right to calculate (interpolate) the final color of the pixel.
		With trilinear filtering, two bilinear filtered pixels from the texture map are averaged.
	www.aceshardware.com /Spades/read.php?article_id=110 (1463 words)

	Richard Leader: Bargain Bin Review: Anisotropic Filtering
		In a bilinear filtered image, there is a certain distance at which textures change abruptly from detailed to blurry.
		Trilinear filtering specifies three regions allowing the central one set at mid-distance to blend the two other ranges of texture quality together, though lines are still visible) separating the three filtering sections) to astute observers.
		This results in a strange visual effect when using bilinear or trilinear filtering (the modes used by the majority of gamers) as the fence might sometimes be rendered using two different mip-maps with a seam between the two.
	www.richleader.com /bargainbinreview_anisotropic-filtering.htm (1074 words)

	flipcode - Bilinear Filtering (Interpolation)
		Bilinear interpolation is a process that enhances textures that would normally be larger on-screen than in texture memory, i.e.
		With bilinear interpolation, 4 texels are fetched, and the fractional part of the texel coordinate is used to calculate a weight factor for each of these four pixels, so that the final color of the pixel on screen is a mix of the four fetched pixels.
		The bilinear interpolation is based on 4 bits for U and 4 bits for V. That means that between two adjacent texels only 16 gradients will be calculated.
	www.flipcode.com /articles/article_bilinearfiltering.shtml (890 words)

	Tweak3D.net - 3D Dictionary
		Bilinear Filtering - This is a feature implemented in most 3D accelerators that allows your computer to render graphics less pixelated or blocky-looking.
		However, bilinear filtering sometimes may cause an object in a game, or whatever, to lose depth or the "texture-feel" originally intended.
		Blocky Filtering - This is really not a filtering method, but more or less a term to describe texture-mapped visuals in a game that appear blocky or pixelated.
	www.tweak3d.net /3ddictionary/3ddictionaryB.shtml (740 words)

	Different filtering methods - Beyond3D Forum
		When no anisotropic is used, there is one bilinear sample taken per MIP map sampled (each bilinear sample is four texture samples), meaning trilinear filtering can be roughly described as doing bilinear filtering twice.
		With bilinear, you would either sample 4n texels or n texels, depending on which side of the border you happened to be on; the average, then would be 2.5n--in other words, half the amount of trilinear.
		When using trilinear filtering, the fractional part of the calculated LOD value determines how much each of the two mip levels contributes to the final color, while the LOD value is rounded when using bilinear filtering.
	www.beyond3d.com /forum/showthread.php?t=5666 (3329 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		You've probably all heard of bilinear filtering for textures applied to 3D polygons.
		As you may have noticed, the computation required to distort an image (even without bilinear filtering) is slightly higher than just copying.
		Bilinear filtering can also be used for most bitmap effects, and definitely worth it if you can put up with slightly worse performance.
	www.flipcode.com /articles/demomaking_issue06-pf.shtml (1197 words)

	Forceware texture filtering quality - nV News Forums
		Bilinear filtering: this is the base filtering used in games.
		Filtering quality has decreased across the board for all settings, while the two lower levels of Intellisample, Balanced and Performance, have improved sampling patterns.
		A maximum of 2x bilinear filtering is used on texture stages 1-7 despite the degree of AF being used.
	www.nvnews.net /vbulletin/showthread.php?s=&threadid=19604 (1965 words)

	Battle of ATI RADEON X800 XT and NVIDIA GeForce 6800 Ultra - Part Three: Trilinear filtering (synthetic examples)
		Trilinear filtering (trilinear MIP mapping)) is a further development of bilinear filtering with MIP mapping.
		When optimised trilinear filtering is switched on, fully white and fully red areas grow to a roughly similar size in both chips.
		During optimised trilinear filtering, ATI uses bilinear filtering area which makes up about 30 percent of the whole range, and this area is offset toward more detalised MIP levels.
	www.digit-life.com /articles2/gffx/nv40-rx800-3.html (2135 words)

	CoolTechZone.com - Bilinear, Trilinear, and MIP Mapping Technologies Explained: Page 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Bilinear Filtering (or interpolation) is the effect you take from four nearby pixels of the surrounding texture map—these are called “texels”—and you average between them in order to remove the roughness and create a gradual change, thus making a smooth image.
		Bilinear filtering does this when the resolution is resized and the image becomes distorted.
		Bilinear filtering may be better noticed if you zoom in on the ground below and compare a segment of the ground with bilinear filtering and without it; thus, as you can see, bilinear filtering basically produces the anti-aliasing effect.
	www.cooltechzone.com /index.php?option=content&task=view&id=454&Itemid=0&limit=1&limitstart=1 (295 words)

	Filtering Or Cheat?
		A trilinearly filtered 3d scene is one in which the scene's mip map boundaries are not visible either statically or in motion, and should also remove the wave/moving line effect of bilinear filtering.
		The way that this additional filtering is added to bilinear filtering is as far as I see it, fairly standard.
		Bear in mind that trilinear filtering is already several times more intensive than bilinear filtering, so there's a desire/need to optimize the extra work to get the most bang for the GPU buck.
	www.overclockers.com /articles1039 (360 words)

	bilinear texture filtering - Glossary - CNET.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		In 3D graphics--especially with games--you don't want a graphics cards to grab texture maps from memory and simply write them on your computer screen: as the polygons drawn onscreen got bigger, they would take on a blocky or chunky look.
		Bilinear texture filtering is a sophisticated technique that averages the four adjacent texels or interpolates, thus creating a new texel.
		Games require at least this level of texture filtering; beware of benchmarks that don't quote either this method or a better one.
	www.cnet.com /Resources/Info/Glossary/Terms/bilineartexturefiltering.html (95 words)

	Types of Filtering (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		The architecture for point sampling is quite simple where in the texel with Co-ordinates nearest the center of the pixel being rendered is used to generate the color output on the screen.
		The combination of bilinear filtering, mipmapping and mipmap blending is generally known as trilinear mipmapping.
		Here we have 2 bilinear blocks each operating in parallel, the output of which is given to the Multiply Accumulate unit.
	www-unix.ecs.umass.edu /~nramaswa/3dg/3typesoffilt.html (266 words)

	Linear Texture Filtering (DirectX 8.1 C++ Archive)
		Like Nearest-Point Sampling, bilinear texture filtering first computes a texel address, which is usually not an integer address.
		Bilinear filtering then finds the texel whose integer address is closest to the computed address.
		Set the value of the first parameter to the integer index number (0-7) of the texture for which you are selecting a texture filtering method.
	msdn.microsoft.com /archive/en-us/dx81_c/directx_cpp/Graphics/ProgrammersGuide/UsingDirect3D/Textures/Filtering/LinearFiltering.asp?frame=true (180 words)

	Elite Bastards - ATi's filtering methods explained - "We find it offensive that you find it offensive." (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		The big benefits anisotropic filtering gives is that firstly it uses an elliptic shape to find texels to sample, thus helping to solve the problem of not approximating samples from polygons at an angle correctly, and secondly it takes many more samples from texels in that area.
		The minification (min) filter is what tells the hardware about what filtering to use for mipmapping, magnification (mag) informs the hardware what to do when a texture is too small for a polygon and thus needs to be magnified, and finally mip tells the hardware how to combine different mipmap levels.
		What 'trylinear' filtering does is determine when and where full trilinear filtering is and isn't needed, and thus only uses bilinear filtering on parts of the scene that it is decided doesn't need full trilinear.
	www.elitebastards.com /page.php?pageid=4937&head=1&comments=1 (2968 words)

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