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Topic: Bill of Rights

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	Bill of rights - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A bill of rights is a statement of certain rights which, under a society's laws, citizens and/or residents either have, want to have, or ought to have.
		As such there is democratic protection of the bill of rights as the constitution containing the bill of rights cannot be changed unless it is with the approval of the voting public in that country.
		Infringement of rights protected by a bill of rights (such as by repeal of statutory protections or by statutory infringement of constitutionally protected rights) may cause civil unrest, civil disobedience or even revolution.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bill_of_Rights (652 words)

	United States Bill of Rights - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Bill was influenced by George Mason's 1776 Virginia Declaration of Rights, the 1689 English Bill of Rights, works of the Age of Enlightenment pertaining to natural rights, and earlier English political documents such as the Magna Carta (1215).
		The English Bill of Rights (1689), one of the fundamental documents of English law, differed substantially in form and intent from the American Bill of Rights, because it was intended to address only the rights of Parliamentarians sitting in Parliament against the Crown.
		^ Preamble to the Bill of Rights (2006-03-10).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights (4019 words)

	Bill of Rights - MSN Encarta
		Bill of Rights, first ten amendments to the Constitution of the United States.
		Originally the Bill of Rights applied only to the federal government, but in a series of 20th-century cases, the Supreme Court decided that most of its provisions apply to the states.
		The Bill of Rights includes a wide range of protections with a common theme and purpose—to define the scope of individual freedom in the United States and to make the political system more democratic.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761553383/Bill_of_Rights.html (484 words)

	LII: Constitution
		A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed.
		The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
		In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise reexamined in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
	www.law.cornell.edu /constitution/constitution.billofrights.html (273 words)

	ICL - Hong Kong - Bill of Rights
		In the determination of any criminal charge against him, or of his rights and obligations in a suit at law, everyone shall be entitled to a fair and public hearing by a competent, independent and impartial tribunal established by law.
		This right shall include freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of his choice, and freedom, either individually or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in worship, observance, practice and teaching.
		Article 9 does not confer a right of review in respect of a decision to deport a person not having the right of abode in Hong Kong or a right to be represented for this purpose before the competent authority.
	www.oefre.unibe.ch /law/icl/hk05000_.html (3208 words)

	Bill of Rights: Primary Documents of American History (Virtual Programs & Services, Library of Congress)
		Articles three through twelve, known as the Bill of Rights, became the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution and contained guarantees of essential rights and liberties omitted in the crafting of the original document.
		George Mason, of Fairfax County, Virginia, wrote the Virginia Declaration of Rights, on which the Declaration of Independence and the Bill of Rights are partially modeled.
		The new United States of America adopted the Bill of Rights, the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, confirming the fundamental rights of its citizens on December 15, 1791.
	www.loc.gov /rr/program/bib/ourdocs/billofrights.html (1072 words)

	Today in History: December 15
		Other amendments guarantee the rights of the people to form a "well-regulated militia," to keep and bear arms, the rights to private property, fair treatment for accused criminals, protection from unreasonable search and seizure, freedom from self-incrimination, a speedy and impartial jury trial, and representation by counsel.
		The Bill of Rights draws influence and inspiration from the Magna Carta (1215), the English Bill of Rights (1689), and various later efforts in England and America to expand fundamental rights.
		Bill of Rights, one of The Charters of Freedom in the Exhibit Hall of the National Archives and Records Administration.
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/today/dec15.html (763 words)

	Hong Kong Bill of Rights Ordinance 1991
		The above-mentioned rights shall not be subject to any restrictions except those which are provided by law, are necessary to protect national security, public order (ordre public), public health or morals or the rights and freedoms of others, and are consistent with the other rights recognized in this Bill of Rights.
		Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression; this right shall include freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art, or through any other media of his choice.
		The right of men and women of marriageable age to marry and to found a family shall be recognized.
	www.hknet.com /Inform/billor.html (3153 words)

	Constitutional Topic: The Bill of Rights - The U.S. Constitution Online - USConstitution.net
		The Bill of Rights was understood, at its ratification, to be a bar on the actions of the federal government.
		For the most part, this was not an issue, because the state constitutions all had bills of rights, and many of the rights protected by the states mirrored those in the federal Bill, and many went further than the federal Bill.
		This process of incorporating parts of the Bill of Rights because of their connection to due process began to run in parallel with the selective incorporation doctrine, where parts of the Bill of Rights were ruled to be enforceable on the states by virtue of the 14th Amendments, whether or not due process applied.
	www.usconstitution.net /consttop_bor.html (1738 words)

	Documents - Constitution - 1996 - Chapter 2 - Bill of Rights
		The rights in the Bill of Rights are subject to the limitations contained or referred to in section 36, or elsewhere in the Bill.
		A provision of the Bill of Rights binds a natural or a juristic person if, and to the extent that, it is applicable, taking into account the nature of the right and the nature of any duty imposed by the right.
		The Bill of Rights does not deny the existence of any other rights or freedoms that are recognised or conferred by common law, customary law or legislation, to the extent that they are consistent with the Bill.
	www.info.gov.za /documents/constitution/1996/96cons2.htm (3892 words)

	Happy Bill of Rights Day by Anthony Gregory
		The officials who violate the Bill of Rights are breaking the very law that supposedly brings their jobs and the government that employs them into existence.
		I celebrate Bill of Rights Day, not out of some delusion that we have the enumerated and unenumerated freedoms protected by the document, nor with some nostalgia for a past when the Bill of Rights was perfectly obeyed.
		But Bill of Rights Day is still a good time to think of that document, which comes as close to a libertarian founding legal charter as any in the world.
	www.lewrockwell.com /gregory/gregory49.html (985 words)

	Welcome to the U.S. Bill of Rights
		Many of the founding fathers were demanding a "bill of rights" which would protect the people from the government.
		This bill of rights was to be added to the Constitution to guarantee individual liberties, to make sure that the new government would not treat citizens like the old colonial government of Great Britain did.
		These 10 rights became the first 10 amendments to the Constitution on December 15, 1791 and became known as The Bill of Rights.
	score.rims.k12.ca.us /score_lessons/bill_of_rights/index.htm (395 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/United States Bill of Rights
		Supporters of a bill of rights argued that such a list of rights should not and would not be interpreted as being exhaustive; In other words, the rights to be enumerated would be some of the most important rights that people had, but many other rights existed as well.
		It had been decided earlier that the Bill of Rights would be added to the Constitution in the form of amendments (the list of rights was not inserted into the text of the Constitution because it was feared that modifying the document's text would necessitate the rather painful process of re-ratifying the Constitution).
		The foundation of that case is the right to remain silent, and the words of John Lilburne in his 1637 Star Chamber trial are quoted directly in the majority Opinion.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rights (2267 words)

	Bill Of Rights
		The term is also applied to the English Bill of Rights of 1689 and the Canadian Bill of Rights of 1960, and to similar guarantees in the constitutions of the American states.
		The distinctive feature of the provisions in American bills of rights is that they are enforced by the courts; statutes and other governmental acts that conflict with them may be ruled void if their constitutionality is appropriately challenged.
		The first state bill of rights was the Virginia Declaration of Rights, adopted as part of the state's first constitution on June 12, 1776.
	www.americanrevwar.homestead.com /files/BILLOFRI.HTM (1291 words)

	Bill of Rights (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Bill of Rights was ratified in 1791.
		Explain to the class that the Bill of Rights is the 1st 10 amendments made to the Constitution.
		Some of these rights protect those accused of a crime; others rights protect the minority: each of the amendments included in the Bill of Rights help to ensure a more democratic society and lessens the possibility of an usurpation of power by those in authority.
	www.uen.org /Lessonplan/preview?LPid=533 (1055 words)

	ICL - New Zealand - Bill of Rights Act 1990
		Subject to Section 4 of this Bill of Rights, the rights and freedoms contained in this Bill of Rights may be subject only to such reasonable limits prescribed by law as can be demonstrably justified justified in a free and democratic society.
		An existing right or freedom shall not be held to be abrogated or restricted by reason only that the right or freedom is not included in this Bill of Rights or is included only in part.
		Except where the provisions of this Bill of Rights otherwise provide, the provisions of this Bill of Rights apply, so far as practicable, for the benefit of all legal persons as well as for the benefit of all natural persons.
	www.oefre.unibe.ch /law/icl/nz01000_.html (1638 words)

	IGDA - Articles - Bill of Rights
		What It Is A Game Developers' Bill of Rights was directly inspired by A Bill of Rights for Comics Creators, a document that was meant to address some of the inequities that comics creators face as they work with comics publishers to get their creations out into the world.
		My Bill of Rights is part of this ongoing discussion, a provocation that draws attention to a set of important issues and challenges facing our industry.
		This is the most fundamental statement in the Bill, and is taken directly from A Bill of Rights for Comics Creators (many of the items in the Bill are direct or indirect translations of articles in that document).
	www.igda.org /articles/ezimmerman_bill.php (2754 words)

	NARA \| The National Archives Experience
		Fresh in their minds was the memory of the British violation of civil rights before and during the Revolution.
		Articles 3 to 12, however, ratified by three-fourths of the state legislatures, constitute the first 10 amendments of the Constitution, known as the Bill of Rights.
		When James Madison drafted the amendments to the Constitution that were to become the Bill of Rights, he drew heavily upon the ideas put forth in the Virginia Declaration of Rights.
	archives.gov /national-archives-experience/charters/bill_of_rights.html (291 words)

	Top 20 Encyclopedia
		The Bill of Rights includes rights such as freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, and freedom of assembly.
		It was established in 1941, by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, to the 150th aniversary of the ratification of the Bill of Rights.
		England: The Bill of Rights of 1689, on which the U.S. Bill of Rights was partly based.
	encyc.connectonline.com /index.php/United_States_Bill_of_Rights (1965 words)

	DigitalConsumer.org Bill of Rights (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This gives you the right to use your content in different places (as long as each use is personal and non-commercial).
		This gives you the right to make archival copies to be used in the event that your original copies are destroyed.
		Users have the right to use legally acquired content on the platform of their choice.
	www.digitalconsumer.org /bill.html (291 words)

	Gamasutra - Features - "The Designer's Notebook: The Bill of Players’ Rights"
		The so-called Gamer's Bill of Rights would be better described as a “gamer's Communist Manifesto,” since it mostly seems to be a demand that publishers hand all control of their intellectual property over to the players.
		The right to make decisions is related to Sid Meier's definition of gameplay as “a series of interesting choices.” Personally I think his definition is a bit too vague, but if a game is nothing but a series of physical challenges with no decision-making, it's lame.
		Remember, though, a “right” should be something that is general enough to apply across the whole spectrum of gaming, not just to one genre of game or one type of device.
	www.gamasutra.com /features/20050826/adams_01.shtml (1868 words)

	From Revolution to Reconstruction: Documents: Bill of Rights
		The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude--
		The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any States on account of sex.
		The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age.
	odur.let.rug.nl /~usa/D/1776-1800/constitution/amends.htm (1453 words)

	The Original US Bill of Rights; Introduction Page
		This is not a draft copy of the Bill of Rights; it is a copy of the Bill of Rights as it was approved by Congress, ratified by the several States, and then signed into Law by the United States Secretary of State, Thomas Jefferson.
		The Bill of Rights was originally made up of the Bill itself, which included the Preamble, and the 12 ARTICLES contained within the Bill, of which 10 were approved by the States, and two were rejected.
		The Preamble to the US Bill of Rights is the guarantee to the masses of common American people, that the Constitution is not open to misconstruction or abuse by those in power.
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/Senate/9526/bor1.html (1546 words)

	Bill of Rights
		In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation;
		In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
		Article the twelfth [Amendment X] The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
	www.constitution.org /billofr_.htm (508 words)

	THE BILL OF RIGHTS - Archiving Early America
		However, in the draft constitution submitted to the states for ratification relatively few basic rights were included.
		George Mason, author of the Virginia Bill of Rights, refused to sign the document, as did Elbridge Gerry of Massachusetts.
		Accordingly, in 1791 these articles became the first ten amendments to the Constitution.....known collectively as The Bill of Rights.
	www.earlyamerica.com /earlyamerica/freedom/bill/index.html (245 words)

	Congress for Kids (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The committee also announced that it will hear testimony from anyone wishing to speak in defense of the Bill of Rights and argue to keep it.
		Match a protected right with the appropriate amendment in the US Bill of Rights.
		Explore Constitutional rights and learn how these freedoms are protected by the Bill of Rights and the Amendments.
	www.congressforkids.net /games/billofrights/2_billofrights.htm (632 words)

	The Property Taxpayer's Bill of Rights
		Property tax bills, beginning in 1998, will show important items such as the full market value of each property and the uniform percentage that the assessor is applying to all properties to determine their assessment.
		The new tax bill lists the full value of the property as $100,000, the town’s uniform percentage of value as 50 percent, and the assessed value on the assessment roll as $50,000.
		By the time you receive your tax bill, it will be too late to file a complaint against the assessment on which your bill was based.
	www.orps.state.ny.us /pamphlet/taxbrgts.htm (992 words)

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