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	Binomial nomenclature - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		As the word 'binomial' suggests, the scientific name of a species is formed by the combination of two terms: the genus name and the species descriptor.
		The name or names of plant authors are abbreviated to a standardised index of author names published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; the date of publication is not cited in brief citations.
		The name or names of animal authors have their surname given in full, not abbreviated, while first names are not included, or if two authors share the same surname, are given as initials.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Binomial_name (1475 words)

	Binomial nomenclature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		As the word 'binomial' suggests, the scientific name of a species is formed by the combination of two terms: the genus name and the species epithet or descriptor.
		The first term (generic name) is always capitalized, while the specific epithet (trivial "name") is not; both are to be typeset in italics, e.g.
		For this reason the binomial name of a species is sometimes called its "Latin name," although this terminology is frowned upon by biologists.
	www.infothis.com /find/Binomial_nomenclature (1260 words)

	Thomson BIOSIS - Nomenclatural Glossary for Zoology
		In zoological works genus-group names cited in binomial names of species are often abbreviated to one or two letters, which should always be followed by a full stop, and not used on the first mention of a name; similarly for specific names cited in trinomial names of subspecies.
		names of progeny of two individuals belonging to different taxa, names given to hybrids are not normally available (qv), as they are individuals, not populations, and hence not taxa.
		A nomen nudum is not an available name, and therefore the same name may be made available later for the same or a different concept; in such a case it would take authorship and date [Articles 50, 21] from that act of establishment, not from any earlier publication as a nomen nudum.
	www.biosis.org /support/glossary (7322 words)

	Ginkgo article - Ginkgo Scientific classification Plantae Binomial name L. tree living - What-Means.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The old popular name "Maidenhair tree" is because the leaves resemble some of the pinnae of the Maidenhair fern Adiantum capillus-veneris.
		The same name was used in Japan (where Ginkgo had been introduced from China) in the 17th century, but the Japanese pronunciation was ginkyō.
		This was the name encountered by Engelbert Kaempfer, the first Westerner to see the species, in 1690.
	www.what-means.com /encyclopedia/Ginkgo (1205 words)

	Taxonomy: What's in a Name?
		He designated one Latin name to indicate the genus, and one as a "shorthand" name, or species epithet, for the species.
		Binomial scientific names are composed of the genus name and the species epithet (usually an adjective).
		The biological species concept is the basis for naming species, but the vast majority of species were described without specific data on whether they could interbreed with some other group or not.
	susdl.fcla.edu /lfnh/currmat/Taxonomy.html (1341 words)

	Garden Botany
		This species name is called a binomial because, in fact, it is two words: the genus and the specific epithet.
		If this variation is sufficient to warrant naming a new species, then a new species is named; but if the variation is minor or there is a broad range of overlap, a subspecies, variety, or form may be named.
		When one of these ranks is recognized, its name is formed by using the species name followed by "subsp.," "var.," or "f.," an additional epithet, and the name of the author of the subspecies, variety, or form.
	www.bbg.org /gar2/topics/botany/names_names.html (876 words)

	Binomial Trees, Forests, and Heaps
		If we have labels (keys) on the nodes of a binomial tree, and we impose an ordering property where the parent key is larger than the keys of any of its children, we can construct a heap with a binomial queue.
		Binomial heaps are important because of the efficient way in which two heaps can be merged.
		For example, this same scheme could be used with the binomial heap where the items in the BST store a pointer to the node in the binary tree representation of the heap, rather than indices in the heap array.
	www.cs.rutgers.edu /~kaplan/503/handouts/binomialQ.html (1682 words)

	Species Names in the PhyloCode
		A converted name is a name established under the PhyloCode and derived from a preexisting Linnaean binomial.
		Names are capitalized, and their two parts are separated by a blank space, thus they are identical in form to Linnaean binomials.
		Names are distinguishable from Linnaean binomials, either by beginning with a lower-case letter or by separation of their two parts by a hyphen or dot.
	phylocode.miketaylor.org.uk /misc/species.html (2030 words)

	Naming and Classification of Fungi and Other Organisms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Nevertheless, because common names were the first names that many organisms received and are the names that the general population uses, it is unlikely that the less confusing species names will ever replace common names in our daily usage.
		Today, all species names are binomials, and if cited formally, the name of the author who described the species or an abbreviation of the author's name is placed after the binomial, e.g.
		Name given to species not governed by rules and may composed of any number of words and may be of any language.
	www.botany.hawaii.edu /faculty/wong/bot135/LECT04.htm (5347 words)

	Scientific Plant Names, Oregon State Univ., LANDSCAPE PLANTS
		A Latin binomial name (the "scientific name") is italicized or underlined, the genus is capitalized and the specific epithet is usually not capitalized.
		from a vernacular name (e.g., Picea Omorika - the Balkan name for spruce), or
		In this case, the cultivar name is sometimes considered a "nonsense" name in that it is rarely used in commerce.
	oregonstate.edu /dept/ldplants/sci-names.htm (1738 words)

	Binomial nomenclature : Binomial name (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		As the word 'binomial' suggests, the scientific name of each organism is actually the combination of two names: the genus and the species (as epithet).
		The value of this system lies chiefly in the fact that, although a given species may be named differently in different languages, the scientific name will always be the same.
		Nomenclature intends to keep names stable, but quite often this isn't true: an organism may have several names, reflecting different rank and position in taxonomy, depending on opinion (see synonymy[?]), conservation[?] according to nomenclature codes[?], and new findings based on molecular phylogeny.
	www.city-search.org /bi/binomial-name.html (482 words)

	Sharp's "The Object and Method of Zoological Nomenclature", by Alfred Russel Wallace
		The name would thus remain fixed, however the place of the species in our classifications might be changed; and the very errors of the original describers might help us to remember the object referred to by directing our attention to the cause of their error in classifying it.
		For, after all, the changed names are but few in comparison with those which remain unchanged for considerable periods; and the charm of a nomenclature which is to a considerable extent classificatory is so great, that most naturalists will strongly object to giving it up.
		If the generic part of the name may be altered any number of times in accordance with altered views as to classification, the principle of priority in the mere name is so totally given up, that it seems absurd to use it for the purpose of resuscitating the obsolete appellations of early writers.
	www.wku.edu /~charles.smith/wallace/S239.htm (1201 words)

	Plant Names
		The genus name designates a group of closely related plant shich have enough in common to be distinguished from other such groups.
		Even if seed grown, all plants so named should not exceed 18 inches in height, but may show slight variation in flower or foliage color, habit, etc. In order for all Munstead cultivars to be identical, or clones, they would have to be propagated asexually from cuttings.
		Remember that the names are not Latin, but rather 'latinized.' Most people pronounce latinized words as they speak their own language: just by sounding out the syllables.
	www.hcs.ohio-state.edu /hcs/TMI/HORT234/Nomenclature.html (742 words)

	Chineese Cabbage -- Bok Choy
		As the group name indicates, this is particularly popular in northern China around Beijing (Peking), as well as in
		Smaller in size, the Mandarin term xiao baicai as well as the descriptive English names Chinese chard, Chinese mustard, celery mustard and spoon cabbage are also employed.
		The name bok choy and its variations bok choi and pak choi are all taken from the
	www.edinformatics.com /culinaryarts/food_encyclopedia/bok_choy.htm (316 words)

	[No title]
		Binomials are referred to as 'Latin names' because they are derived from Latin.
		The fact that a cultivar name has been bestowed on a group of plants only means that a human being thinks they have unique characteristics of horticultural importance.
		A trademark name carries no taxonomic weight, so these names are accompanied by what Michael Dirr calls 'nonsense cultivar names.' Nonsense, I presume, because nobody really uses them and they are odd.
	www.hcs.ohio-state.edu /hcs/webgarden/Land/LAND_Jun98 (826 words)

	Federal Register - 68 FR 51693, August 28, 2003: Food Labeling: Ingredient Labeling of Dietary Supplements That Contain ...
		Further, the name in Latin binomial form must include the designation of the author or authors who published the Latin name [hereafter referred to as author citation] when a positive identification of the dietary ingredient cannot be made without identifying the author(s).
		The Latin binomial name of a plant is followed by the name(s) of the person(s) who described and published the plant name in accordance with the Code's guidelines.
		In such cases, this Latin binomial name may be listed before the part of the plant and must be stated in accordance with the internationally accepted rules on botanical nomenclature found in the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Saint Louis Code) 2000.
	vm.cfsan.fda.gov /~lrd/fr03828b.html (9832 words)

	Fathom :: The Source for Online Learning
		Linnaeus named the one on the left 'plantain with pubescent ovate-lanceolate leaves, a cylindric spike and a terete scape' and distinguished it from the one on the right, 'plantain with lanceolate leaves, an almost ovate naked spike and angled scape'.
		And so, binomial naming was invented both for logical reasons--the essence and the differentia--and for practical purposes, that is to memorise a name and it's systematic position.
		The name could be distinguished from a Linnean binomial in a number of ways, two of which are to spell out the name in entirely lower case or use a hyphen, dash or period, to run the words together into an effective uninomial name.
	www.fathom.com /feature/190197 (5592 words)

	Curiosities of Biological Nomenclature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The names are often abbreviated; in particular, "L." is Linnaeus.
		Names must be published in International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology or International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology to be valid.
		Names of the Reptiles and Amphibians of North America has translations and etymologies for damn near all of them, with bibliographic and myth notes on the people and figures from mythology that are sources for names.
	home.earthlink.net /~misaak/taxonomy.html (1303 words)

	classification: Binomial Nomenclature
		The first name (capitalized) is the genus of the organism, the second (not capitalized) is its species.
		The advantages of scientific over common names are that they are accepted by speakers of all languages, that each name applies only to one species, and that each species has only one name.
		According to the rules they have established, the first name to be published (from the work of Linnaeus on) is the correct name of any organism unless it is reclassified in such a way as to affect that name (for example, if it is moved from one genus to another).
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/sci/A0857381.html (331 words)

	Understanding Latin Plant Names (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The binomial (two name) system of nomenclature he developed provides plants with two Latin names which are the "genus" and "species," Goodspeed explains.
		Acer palmatum is commonly known as the Japanese maple and Acer platanoides is the Norway maple.
		In the binomial Latin, the genus is usually a noun, while the species is an adjective that describes the noun, or genus, Goodspeed says.
	extension.usu.edu /files/gardpubs/botname.htm (588 words)

	Definition of Binomial nomenclature
		A single organism may have several scientific names in circulation, depending on opinion (see synonymy), conservation according to nomenclature codes, and new findings based on molecular phylogeny.
		In botany, a species can be further divided into any of subspecies, variety, subvariety or form, whereas in zoology, a species is only subdivided into subspecies.
		The name or names of plant authors are abbreviated to a standardised index of author names published by Kew Gardens; the date of publication is not cited in brief citations.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Binomial_nomenclature (1280 words)

	Y & G News-How Plants Are Named
		To make the naming of plants more precise and universal, an international system of naming plants is used by scientists and plant professionals.
		Thus, the botanical name for sugar maple is Acer saccharum.
		The botanical name for a 'Patio' tomato is Lycopersicon esculentum 'Patio.' Or the same name might be written as Lycopersicon esculentum cv.
	www.hort.purdue.edu /ext/plants_named.html (564 words)

	Naming and Classification of Fungi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		When written, the species name is emphasized by italicizing or underlining the binomial.
		For example, the common name "Spanish Moss" is applied to at least two species of unrelated organisms in North America, Ramalina menziesii and Tillandsia usenoides.
		This two volume publication was an ambitious effort to name and classify all of the known plants during Linnaeus' time.
	www.botany.hawaii.edu /faculty/wong/BOT135/Lect04_a.HTM (2321 words)

	PlanetMath: binomial coefficient
		Properties 5 and 6 are the binomial theorem applied to
		Although the standard mathematical notation for the binomial coefficients is
		This is version 24 of binomial coefficient, born on 2001-10-17, modified 2005-07-27.
	planetmath.org /encyclopedia/Choose.html (208 words)

	Brooklyn College Weekend Core 8.1 - Phylogeny Notes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This is the two-word naming system developed by Carolus Linnaeus to identify plants and animals.
		A binomial name (or scientific name) is always written in italics or underlined, with the Genus capitalized.
		Carl Linnaeus (a Swedish biologist) decided in 1758 that everybody should be using the same name to describe the same species and proposed a universal naming system for all creatures.
	academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu /biology/dklein/labnotes/phylogenynotes.html (303 words)

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