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Topic: Bioherbicide

Related Topics

Mycoherbicide

Nematicide

Pesticide

Herbicide

Molluscicide

Invasive plants

Weed control

Geneva Protocol

Biosecurity

Biological pest control

Antibiotic resistance

Sterile insect technique

Pest control

Biological warfare

Weed

In the News (Wed 25 Nov 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Current advances in bioherbicide research
		Therefore, the term "mycoherbicide" has often been used interchangeably with "bioherbicide." In addition the term "bioherbicide" is generally restricted to the use of plant pathogens and does not include attempts to augment populations of beneficial insects, nor does it generally include the use of naturally occurring compounds (phytotoxins) produced by microorganisms.
		A bioherbicide is a preparation of living inoculum of a plant pathogen, formulated, and applied in a manner analogous to that of a chemical herbicide in an effort to control or suppress the growth of weed species.
		The bioherbicide approach is an attempt to bypass many of these restraints on disease development by periodically dispersing an abundant supply of virulent inoculum uniformly onto a susceptible weed population.
	www.eap.mcgill.ca /PCBCW_3.htm (1170 words)

	Research findings and strategies to reduce risks of the bioherbicide, Myrothecium verrucaria. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Overall, results suggest that this bioherbicide might also reduce weed seed viability on mature plants, and possibly in seed banks at or near soil surfaces where the bioherbicide is applied.
		Bioherbicides may be used as complimentary components in successful integrated management strategies and for the discovery of new chemical classes of phytotoxins with novel modes of action.
		Hydroponic seedling bioassay for the bioherbicides Colletotrichum truncatum and Alternaria cassiae.
	www.regional.org.au /au/allelopathy/2005/1/3/2795_hoaglandr.htm?print=1 (3617 words)

	S-1001 Project Statement
		The overall objective of this project is to develop and utilize some bioherbicide agents that have been previously demonstrated to be effective in preliminary field trials.
		While in some cases this was simply due to a lack of consistency of the bioherbicide agent or technical feasibility, the availability of efficacious chemical alternatives, coupled with the lack of coordinated efforts by researchers and commercial enterprises were also contributory factors.
		Nonetheless, it has been amply demonstrated that bioherbicide products are practical and economically sustainable in specialty markets. Moreover, their use over the past 25 years has not led to any risks to human health or the environment.
	www.btny.purdue.edu /s1001/ohbj.htm (2146 words)

	Bioherbicide - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A bioherbicide (or biopesticide) is a herbicide that is based on a living organism, such as fungi, bacteria or protozoa, which eats or results harmful the pests that the user wishes to eradicate.
		A bioherbicide based on a fungus is called a mycoherbicide.
		Their most important advantage, is that you can choose an organism that doesn't threat other organisms besides the chosen pest, and the controls needed to enable consumption are practically non-existent or easier to apply.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bioherbicide (141 words)

	[No title]
		Enhance the Efficacy of Bioherbicide Candidates The effect of adjuvants in enhancing the efficacy of Cercospora rodmanii and Myrothecium roridum, pathogens of the waterhyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) was evaluated.
		Cooperative research on bioherbicide formulation is underway at ARS, Stoneville, MS (D. Boyette), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatooon (S. Boyetchko and K. Bailey), the ARS Narcotic Plant Project, MD, and the dodder project (Bewick, MA).
		In this kind of bioherbicide or pathosystem, an effective strain may most easily be discerned from all others by setting up competition between strains and selecting those that predominate within the growing population.
	www.ag.auburn.edu /aaes/S-268/annurep-s268-98.htm (4030 words)

	Current Status Of Bioherbicide Development And Prospects For Rice In Asia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Bioherbicides are applied in an attempt to overcome disease restraints by periodically dispersing an abundant supply of virulent inoculum onto a susceptible weed population.
		The use of the terms "bioherbicide" and "mycoherbicide" is unfortunate as it often conjures up images of chemical pesticides and the involvement of large industries.
		Although many bioherbicide pathogens do not produce phytotoxins, or at least are not known to, many microorganisms produce phytotoxins that are highly selective and efficacious at low concentrations and may provide leads to the development of novel weed control products.
	www.agnet.org /library/article/eb365.html (3097 words)

	APSnet Feature: Plant Pathogens at Work: Weed Biocontrol, Part 2 - Improving Weed Control Efficacy
		In the bioherbicide approach, an indigenous pathogen is used in an inundative application.
		While the specificity of bioherbicides is desirable in some situations, particularly in areas where crop and weed species are closely related, there are situations where several species of problematic weeds occur and a broad-spectrum weed control is required.
		The requirement for high application volumes for bioherbicides can deter their use because high volumes entail transport of a heavier load to the application site and longer application times.
	www.apsnet.org /online/feature/weed2 (4044 words)

	SAES-422: S1001
		Bioherbicides to manage purple nutsedge, pigweeds, weedy grasses and weeds in the Asteracae family are under development.
		Objective 1-A: Efficacy of Dactylaria higginsii (DH), a bioherbicide agent for purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus), was evaluated in field trials with bell pepper and onion as crops.
		Bioherbicide virulence can be enhanced by the selection of strains of a plant pathogen that overproduce a particular amino (e.g.
	www.lgu.umd.edu /lgu_v2/homepages/saes.cfm?trackID=409 (3197 words)

	ACIAR - Project: CP/1998/018
		There has been little work on bioherbicides in tropical countries, even though the warm, moist conditions suggest that this concept would be more successful in the wet tropics than in dry temperate areas.
		This project built on this work, by developing bioherbicides from the identified fungi.The main aim of the project was to turn fungal pathogens into commercial herbicides which can be used against major crop weeds in Vietnam and Australia.
		The effectiveness of the bioherbicides was evaluated in field trials involving other control methods, such as varying crop sowing time and sowing rate.
	www.aciar.gov.au /web.nsf/doc/ACIA-6SF236 (1007 words)

	Weeds Could Meet Their Match in a Novel Bioherbicide / July 6, 2001 / News from the USDA Agricultural Research Service
		Annual morningglories and other broad-leaved weeds could meet their match in a novel bioherbicide that includes weak or nonvirulent fungi and an oil emulsion, Agricultural Research Service (ARS) studies suggest.
		Use of the bioherbicide could offer a nature-based alternative to conventional chemical controls--and the risks associated with applying them, such as drift beyond crop fields and groundwater contamination--note ARS plant pathologist Norman Schaad and retired ARS researcher Shaw-Ming Yang.
		In 1998, they received a patent covering use of weak or nonvirulent fungi in combination with an adjuvant and oil emulsion as a broad-spectrum bioherbicide.
	www.ars.usda.gov /is/pr/2001/010706.htm (285 words)

	New Forage Barley Varieties Choke Out Weeds
		A team of Brandon, Manitoba researchers has discovered that barley is an effective "bioherbicide" that could drastically reduce chemical herbicide use in properly managed crop rotations.
		The key to using forage barley as a bioherbicide is selecting the right barley variety and timing the harvest.
		Forage barley works best as a bioherbicide when the next crop in the rotation is not a cereal, he says.
	ssca.usask.ca /newsletters/issue34/bioherbicide.html (646 words)

	Outline: S1001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		B) Bioherbicide agents proposed to be developed under this project will need to be tested for efficacy against the target weeds in several regions within and outside the Southern Region, under different climatic and edaphic conditions.
		In addition, formulation of a microbial agent may enable combinations of bioherbicides as well as bioherbicide agents and chemical pesticides to be used simultaneously without affecting performance.
		The most commonly used additive in bioherbicide formulations is a surfactant, such as Silwet L-77, an organosilicone compound that reduces the surface tension and enables small spores, cells, and mycelia to enter natural openings in the foliage (Zidack and Backman, 1996).
	www.lgu.umd.edu /lgu_v2/homepages/outline.cfm?trackID=409 (7020 words)

	[No title]
		I have no proof to substantiate that- just strong suspicions, mostly based on the fact that bioherbicides are more difficult for industry to deal with in terms of technical support, etc. 2.
		It may cost millions of dollars to register a bioherbicide, and millions more to defend it in court if someone gets their hackles up.
		Bioherbicide is an oxymoron- they do not work like chemicals.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/biocontrol/bioherbicide (1272 words)

	Sclerotinia minor for broad spectrum broadleaf weed control - Patent 5994267
		The present invention is concerned with a novel bioherbicide, and composition thereof for the control of broadleaf weeds in lawns, golf courses, parks, sports fields, other turfed areas, and grass crops such as corn and cereal grains.
		The present invention is concerned with a novel isolate of Sclerotinia minor, namely Scierotinia minor IMI 344141 particularly effective as a bioherbicide for the control of a broad spectrum of broadleaf weeds without adversely affecting desirable grass species.
		It should be noted that S. minor does not normally grow on leaves but rather in soil where eventually it attacks the foliage which touches the soil and thus it would not be expected that if an isolate was applied to broadleaf weeds, they would be attacked to the point of mortality.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5994267.html (2738 words)

	syngenta cuts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Charudattan's research has shown that a common plant virus can be used to kill tropical soda apple, and he is seeking commercial partners to produce and market the virus as a natural biocontrol or bioherbicide.
		The virus, which can be applied easily and inexpensively with a portable back-pack sprayer, is effective against tropical soda apple under a wide range of temperatures and year-round growing conditions.
		Susceptible tobacco plants could be used to mass-produce a commercial bioherbicide.
	www.checkbiotech.org /blocks/dsp_document.cfm?doc_id=3357 (685 words)

	Rice Farming
		That's one reason why McGee is excited about the re-introduction of LockDown postemergence bioherbicide, which was known as Collego in the '80s and '90s.
		The bioherbicide might enable aerial applicators to extend their spray season.
		The bioherbicide is aerially apply with a recommended spray volume of at least 10 gallons of water per acre.
	www.ricefarming.com /home/2006_MayBioherbicide.html (771 words)

	S-1001
		Rosskopf, E.N., Gaffney, J.F., and Charudattan, R. The effect of spray propellant on the efficacy of bioherbicide candidates.
		Hoagland, R.E. Hydroponic seedling assay for the bioherbicides Colletotrichum truncatum and Alternaria cassiae.
		Kadir, J.B. and Charudattan, R. Dactylaria higginsii, a fungal bioherbicide agent for purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus).
	www.btny.purdue.edu /s1001/relpub.htm (4324 words)

	S-268 Report
		Several processes and materials are being developed and tested to enhance bioherbicide efficacy through inoculum formulations, enhancement of infection and disease development and increased levels of weed control.
		Studies are underway to evaluate the use of COLTRU microsclerotia as bioherbicidal propagules.
		In addition, phase kinetic studies are being conducted to evaluate the growth rate of bacteria for scale-up from shake flask to 5 and 10 L fermentors.
	www.ag.auburn.edu /aaes/S268/s268rep_98.htm (12740 words)

	IngentaConnect Advances in bioherbicide formulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Formulation of a bioherbicide ideally should result in a product that has low cost, long shelf-life, ease of application and efficacy.
		Formulation persists as a constraint to commercial development of many potential bioherbicides often because dew dependence in fungi limits their efficacy under dry-land conditions.
		This has not been a problem with several commercial bioherbicides because they are used in irrigated systems or applied as wound inoculations.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/bsc/wbm/2003/00000003/00000002/art00001 (253 words)

	Improved dandelion control
		So the team is testing fungi for the properties required to become a successful BCA (also known as a bioherbicide).
		These fungi, or plant pathogens, are found naturally on dandelions, or in soil or plant debris.
		They survive a wide range of environmental conditions, produce many airborne seeds, and are perennial, which means they survive winters to grow during two or more summers.
	www.wildlifenews.co.uk /articles2000/may/may1300a.htm (484 words)

	ARS Project: Augmentative Bioherbicide Strategies for Control of Invasive Weeds (410336)
		Discover, develop, and improve augmentative bioherbicides, as viable weed biocontrol products through innovative field application, formulation, and mass-production strategies.
		Develop molecular markers for bioherbicide strain identification, post-release monitoring, and environmental risk assessment.
		Assess combinations of host-specific bioherbicides to broaden the weed control spectrum.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/projects/projects.htm?ACCN_NO=410336 (313 words)

	CONTROL OF DODDER IN CRANBERRY VACCINIUM MACROCARPON WITH A PATHOGEN-BASED BIOHERBICIDE
		Two fungi which were originally isolated from dodder Cuscuta (Berwick et al., 1987) have shown excellent efficacy when used singly or in combination, at several concentrations, for control of the parasitic weed, dodder, in cranberry beds in Wisconsin (WI) and Massachusetts (MA).
		Replicated field studies indicated that this bioherbicide controlled dodder when applied premergence (WI) or postemergence (MA, WI) to dodder in established cranberry beds.
		Replicated field studies are currently being conducted in MA and WI during the 1996 growing season.
	www.actahort.org /books/446/446_62.htm (126 words)

	Biological weed control (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		“commercial feasibility to mass-produce viable, infective and stable propagules of the pathogen is a major requirement for developing a bioherbicide”.
		BioMal is a bioherbicide that contains viable spores of a fungus,Colletrotichum gloeosporoides f.
		Developing a bioherbicide is challenging since it is a living organism that must remain viable after application in order to be effective.
	www.organicagcentre.ca /ResearchDatabase/ext_weed_bio_ctrl.html (641 words)

	Amazon.com: "bioherbicide candidates": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Another consideration is the view that all bioherbicide candidates must be specific to one particular weed species.
		limited examples of bioherbicides that have been applied as part of an integrated weed management program, strategies for selection of bioherbicide candidates and their implementation into crop production systems will be explored based on relevant research.
		The majority of bioherbicide candidates studied are the fungal pathogens.
	www.amazon.com /phrase/bioherbicide-candidates (536 words)

	ICPP98 Paper Number 5.2.6 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Grass weeds are a major problem in world agriculture because the principal food crops are members of the grass family and selective control is often difficult.
		A project funded by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research was begun in 1995 to search for indigenous fungal pathogens which could have potential for development as bioherbicides for grass weeds in Vietnam.
		Further work is in progress to confirm this and to develop methods for mass production and application of the fungus as a bioherbicide.
	www.bspp.org.uk /ICPP98/5.2/6.html (188 words)

	WSSA Society Information page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Classical biological control, which is biological control of non-native invasive weeds with natural enemies originating from the native range of the weed, has proven a viable strategy for managing weeds in areas subjected to low-intensity management, such as rangelands, forests, preserved natural areas, and some waterways.
		The use of an inundative method, also called the bioherbicide strategy, where an organism is applied to achieve rapid reduction in weed populations, has also proven successful in some instances.
		In the future, pathogens may also be used to introduce or alter specific genes to control growth, flowering, seed set, and/or competitiveness of weeds.
	www.wssa.net /herb&control/biocontrol.htm (680 words)

	IngentaConnect Constraints in implementing biological weed control: A review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		There has been criticism that biological weed control research efforts aim to substitute one purchased input (a bioherbicide) for another (a chemical herbicide).
		It is essential to remember that ‘bioherbicides’ and ‘biological weed control’ are not synonymous.
		Biological control of weeds involves using any organism to reduce or eliminate the detrimental effects of weed populations, whereas bioherbicides utilize plant pathogens repeatedly.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/bsc/wbm/2005/00000005/00000003/art00002 (273 words)

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