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Topic: Biological development

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	Biological warfare - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Biological warfare, also known as germ warfare, is the use of any organism (bacteria, virus or other disease-causing organism) or toxin found in nature, as a weapon of war.
		As a strategic weapon, biological warfare is again militarily problematic, because unless it is used to poison enemy civilian towns, it is difficult to prevent the attack from spreading, either to allies or to the attacker, and a biological warfare attack invites immediate massive retaliation, usually in the same form.
		The primary civil defense against biological weaponry is to wash one's hands whenever one moves to a different building or set of people, and avoid touching door knobs, walls, the ground and one's mouth and nose.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Biological_warfare (2221 words)

	Development article - Development Biological development embryos developmental biology Child development - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Biological development of embryos in the context of developmental biology
		Human development - to improve the health, education and range of choices of human beings, notably in the least-developed countries.
		International development, the effort to assist citizens and governments (usually of poorer countries) to improve their lives.
	www.what-means.com /encyclopedia/Development (177 words)

	Biological Criteria Development for the Ohio River, USA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The value of monitoring biological populations to assess water quality conditions was recognized by the Commission as early as 1957, with the implementation of lockchamber fish population surveys.
		Biological criteria can be used by States to confirm impairment from a known source of impact, determine support of designated aquatic life use classifications for application in standards, and represent a programmatic expansion from source control to resource management.
		In 1995 ORSANCO assembled a panel of biological and Ohio River experts to facilitate the development of biological criteria for the fish population of the Ohio River.
	www.nwqmc.org /98proceedings/Papers/39-EMER.html (2345 words)

	E/CN.17/1995/7 Conservation of Biological Diversity
		The objectives of chapter 15 are aimed at the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of biological and genetic resources, the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the use of those resources, and the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity, 2/ the objectives of which they specifically reflect.
		Given the critical importance of biological and genetic resources for the attainment of sustainable development and for the well-being of humankind, it is worth recalling that the steady erosion of biodiversity is largely the result of human activity.
		Developed countries and relevant international organizations need to establish effective mechanisms for improving both the human and institutional capacities of developing countries, through joint programming for capacity-building at the national and regional levels.
	www.un.org /esa/documents/ecosoc/cn17/1995/ecn171995-7.htm (11163 words)

	Development - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Arrested Development is a television show based upon a company and a family.
		Development is also a nu-metal album by musical group Nonpoint.
		International development, the process of economic and social development in poor countries.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Development (192 words)

	Biological Criteria Development - Establish Thresholds - Steps in Developing a Bioassessment and Biocriteria Program -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Biological criteria are formulated in part from the metrics and index values developed from the population of reference sites for a given ecosystem class and are adjusted for aquatic life uses.
		Other elements of biological criteria are historical information, the consensus opinion of objective regional experts, and in some instances, empirical model results.
		Biological criteria are statements (narrative) or values (numeric) that describe the biological integrity of aquatic communities inhabiting waters of a given designated aquatic life use.
	www.epa.gov /OST/biocriteria/programs/biodevelop.html (227 words)

	Biological control of nematodes: prospects and opportunities
		Hence the development of biological control agents for plant-parasitic nematodes is likely to be difficult and to require a detailed understanding of the biology and ecology of the agent and the nematode target.
		The development of a semi-selective medium (de Leij and Kerry, 1991) has enabled detailed studies to be made on changes in relative abundance of the fungus in soil and on roots.
		chlamydosporium as a biological control agent for root-knot nematodes is affected by three key factors: the amount of fungus in the rhizosphere (Table 4); the rate of development of eggs in the egg masses; and the size of the galls in which the female nematodes develop.
	www.fao.org /docrep/v9978e/v9978e0b.htm (4066 words)

	Biological Weapons Program - Iraq Special Weapons
		The Commission was compelled to cast a wider net in the biological field because of Iraq's incomplete disclosure of the full extent of its past biological warfare activities.
		Iraq requested that its biological weapons Full, Final and Complete Disclosure of September 1997 be assessed, again, by international experts during a special meeting for that purpose which was held in Baghdad in July 1998.
		What is still unknown is whether all of the R400 bombs were biological agent-filled or some were filled with chemical warfare agents; whether 157 R400 bombs was the total number of such bombs filled with biological warfare agents; and how many such bombs were produced for biological agent filling.
	www.globalsecurity.org /wmd/world/iraq/bw-unscom.htm (3668 words)

	Educational Psychology Interactive: Cognitive Development
		This is somewhat similar to the distinctions made between Freud and Erikson in terms of the development of personality.
		This adaptation is driven by a biological drive to obtain balance between schemes and the environment (equilibration).
		An example of accomodation would be when the child needs to modify a sucking schema developed by sucking on a pacifier to one that would be successful for sucking on a bottle.
	chiron.valdosta.edu /whuitt/col/cogsys/piaget.html (1010 words)

	The Human Genome Discovery
		The human genome is the crown jewel of 20 years of biological research, the most important accomplishment in the field to date.
		Without this "biological Rosetta stone," Nature's four-letter texts would be as incomprehensible as a message from an alien civilization.
		It also appears that total number of genes is not a leading factor in biological sophistication: The roundworm, for example, has 19,000 genes, while the fruit fly possesses 13,600.
	www.jupiterscientific.org /sciinfo/genome.html (2518 words)

	Biological Weapons Program - Iraq Special Weapons
		It is also reasonable to assume that, given that biological weapons were considered as strategic weapons and were actually deployed, detailed thought must have been given to the doctrine of operational use for these weapons of mass destruction.
		It was anticipated that the biological weapons research would be productionoriented and thus, in addition to laboratory-scale equipment, a pilot plant in the form of one 150-litre fermenter was purchased by Muthanna.
		Early in 1988, efforts began in the weaponization of biological warfare agents and some of the senior scientists involved in the biological weapons program at TRC were sent to Iraq's munitions factories to familiarize themselves with this aspect.
	www.fas.org /nuke/guide/iraq/bw/program.htm (3016 words)

	Mitretek Systems :: Chemical/Biological Defense (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In the area of assessing the potential for nefarious use of biological organisms or materials, Mitretek has internally developed a process for modeling scenarios of bioweapon development that would identify triggering criteria to use in the detection and interdiction of such development before the intended nefarious event.
		It is being developed to provide the necessary flexibility to account for the expected change, over time, in both the nature of the threat and the nature of the technologies available for countermeasures.
		We are assisting in all phases of plan development, including the overall concept; short, intermediate, and long-term implementation; and the assessment of available technologies to deal with biological threats, including technical, operational, and cost risk factors for individual technologies as well their viability for implementation.
	www.mitretek.org /home.nsf/HomelandSecurity/ChemBioDefense (3133 words)

	Peacework - Nov. 2001 - US Proposes to Relax Controls on Biological Weapons Development
		Even as US citizens suffer through the biggest biological weapons scare of modern times, the Bush administration is promoting a plan to relax international controls on bioweapons testing and development.
		Instead of stopping development in the first place, the US wants a form of extraterritorial jurisdiction that focuses international efforts on punishment of use of some kinds of biological weapons.
		International criminalization of biological weapons has been promoted by non-governmental organizations for years; but in order to be effective, it must be applied fairly and evenly, to all persons, regardless of official position.
	www.afsc.org /pwork/0111/011114.htm (1313 words)

	Press Release CBW 18
		Biological and toxin weapons are weapons charged with micro-organisms (e.g., bacteria, viruses, rickettsia or fungi) or with poisonous chemical toxins (e.g., cobra venom) produced by living organisms.
		Biological and toxin warfare—from the primitive poisoning of wells to sophisticated attacks by charged missiles—is the deliberate use of biological and toxin agents to inflict injury or death on humans, animals or plants by sabotage, terrorist or military operations.
		Biological and Toxin Weapons: Research, Development and Use from the Middle Ages to 1945 is an interdisciplinary analysis of the origins of biological and toxin warfare planning and preparation from its European beginnings to the end of World War II.
	editors.sipri.se /pubs/cbw18.html (1092 words)

	Gene Regulation And Biological Development In Neural Networks: An Exploratory Model - Cangelosi, Elman (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The network development is controlled by genes that produce elements regulating the activation, inhibition, and delay of neurogenetic events.
		An ecological task of foraging behavior is used to test the model with an evolving population of artificial organisms.
		The identity of the subset of genes active in each moment in a given cell is determined by a complex interaction with the...
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /cangelosi95gene.html (634 words)

	Michigan State University Libraries Collection Development Policy--Biological/Biomedical Sciences
		Besides these departments and programs, the biological areas covered by this policy are also of interest to researchers with a molecular focus in the Zoology Department, the departments of the College of Agriculture (particularly Animal Science, Crop and Soil Science, and Plant Pathology), the College of Veterinary Medicine and the College of Human Medicine.
		Biological subjects in the areas of natural history, ecology, environmental science, fisheries and wildlife, zoology, entomology, evolution, and botanical sciences other than those listed above are covered in another Biological Sciences/Natural History collection development policy.
		Early collection development in these biology areas reflected the agricultural orientation of the institution, with the microbiology and physiology collections included in the Veterinary Medicine Library until 1978.
	www.lib.msu.edu /guides/subjects/biology/collectionpolicy (1296 words)

	The Instrument Development for B (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Such instrumentation includes, but is not limited to, analytical instruments, microscopes of various types, sensors, and related devices for detection or measurement of biological molecules, structures or phenomena at any level, from that of individual molecules to that of whole ecosystems.
		activities, except to the extent these are required as part of the development of the new or improved instrument, or for the demonstration of its utility.
		The anticipated uses of the instrumentation to be developed or improved should include areas of research that fall within the scope of the Directorate for Biological Sciences (see BIO Home Page at http://www.nsf.gov/bio).
	www.cvm.tamu.edu /resgrad/RFPs/instrument_development_for_b.htm (373 words)

	Life
		As chemistry developed as a discipline in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries the goal of most advanced thinkers was to develop explanatory theories of living things in terms of chemical matter and mechanisms.
		J.S. Haldane, a physiologist, resisted reduction of biological phenomena to mechanistic explanations, as he saw the structure of biological organisms and their action being disanalogous to what was seen in physical systems.
		The development of this “new” physics of open systems and the dissipative structures that arise in them was the fulfillment of the development that Schroedinger foresaw (Rosen 2000).
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/life (5199 words)

	ARS Project: Discovery & Development of Biological Control Agents for Melaleuca, Lygodium & Other Weeds (405489)
		Discover, identify, investigate as to potential efficacy, and initiate the development of potential biological control agents from Australia and Southeast Asia for the primary weed target: Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br.
		Develop research partnerships in the U.S. to design and conduct parallel experiments on vulnerability to biological controls by comparing key phenostages in native and introduced ranges of target weeds.
		Field surveys are conducted throughout the native range of weed species in Australia and Southeast Asia for effective biological control agents with focus on the Florida Everglades.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/projects/projects.htm?ACCN_NO=405489 (282 words)

	Biological Assay Development and Validation: Techniques for Accelerating Product Approval
		They often represent the keystone for proof of concept during early product development and are critical to firms making manufacturing changes.
		A good biological potency assay is often the key to a successful CMC section.
		Yet, these assays are problematic, poorly understood and become the poor cousin within analytical development and QC groups.
	www.prnewswire.com /cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/03-28-2000/0001175624&EDATE= (212 words)

	Truth about U.S. Development of Biological and Chemical Weapons Disclosed
		The fact that the U.S. has been hell bent on the development of such weapons, pulling the wool over other's eyes vividly reveals before the world that it is the enemy of humankind and peace as it has unhesitatingly committed monstrous crimes against humanity to attain its unjust purpose of establishing domination defying international law.
		What is ridiculous is the fact that the U.S., the biggest criminal in the world, stoops to infamy in a bid to float the fiction about "threat of weapons of mass destruction" (WMD) and bring the charge against somebody.
		A more important aim it seeks through this is to cover up its true colors as a country chiefly to blame for the spread of WMD and accelerate the development and production of such weapons to exterminate humankind behind the scene.
	www.globalsecurity.org /wmd/library/news/dprk/2005/dprk-050131-kcna02.htm (283 words)

	NTI: Country Overviews: Iran: Biological Chronology
		It states that military-applied biological research has been conducted for about three years and that there is an "initial program of research, development, and purchases in the sphere of biological weapons." The report continues by stating that "it cannot be ruled out that small stocks of biological agents have already been created.
		The United States Department of Defense states that "Iran began its biological warfare program in the early 1980s during the Iran-Iraq War...The Iranians are conducting research on toxins and organisms with biological warfare applications...With their biotechnical support structure, the Iranians are capable of producing many different biological warfare agents.
		We are concerned that in the future, Iran may develop a biological warhead for its ballistic missiles, but we would not expect this to occur before the end of the century.
	www.nti.org /e_research/profiles/Iran/Biological/2308_2367.html (3784 words)

	Chemical and Biological Processes Development Group
		Fungal Biotechnology–identifies and develops new technologies based on a fundamental understanding of the filamentous fungi and other eukaryotic microbes.
		Promising scientific discoveries are evaluated on the bench and pilot scales, with a focus on developing energy and material balances and process flowsheets; preliminary process economics; and equipment and systems demonstrations.
		Chemical and Biological Processes Development staff comprise one of four technical groups within the Process Science and Engineering Division (PSandE) in the Environmental Technology Directorate (ETD) at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
	chembioprocess.pnl.gov (247 words)

	Biological Development in the Oceans -
		The foundation for much of this Biological Development section is Man and the Ocean, a CD-ROM produced by the Russian Head Department of Navigation and Oceanography (HDNO).
		In the extensive oceans of this era the plant and animals kingdom developed and evolved.
		By the middle of the Palaeozoic era, extensive parts of the land-mass had become colonised by plants and various species of fishes developed in the oceans.
	www.oceansatlas.org /id/1892 (292 words)

	NPS - Available Positions: Research Associate-Chemical and Biological Development
		NPS Pharmaceuticals is pleased to announce an opportunity for a Research Associate to join the Chemical and Biological Development Group.
		NPS is a public pharmaceutical company focused on the development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of osteoporosis, gastrointestinal diseases, pain, epilepsy, and other debilitating diseases of the central nervous system.
		Participates in the development and the improvement of recombinant protein expression systems in prokaryotic hosts.
	www.npsp.com /careers/position.php?id=9 (350 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Discovery and Development of Biological Agents to Control Crop Pests (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Recently, public health and safety concerns about the environmental impact of chemical pesticides have led to consideration of biological control as a natural approach to maintaining crop health.
		Yet there is a demand for biological control products, especially in agricultural niche markets, where there is no chemical competitor.
		Research examples will be reviewed to illustrate the challenges and strategies of developing processes to manufacture and deliver biological agents for insect, weed, and plant disease control.
	ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=150484 (290 words)

	Multi-Metric Index Development for Biological Monitoring in Washington State Streams (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		This document describes an approach for biological classification and multi-metric index development in Washington State using benthic macroinvertebrates.
		The document also presents biological classification results for Western Washington and calibrated multi-metric indices for the Puget Lowland and Cascades regions.
		This document also presents biological classification results for western Washington and proposed multi-metric indices for the Puget Lowland and Cascades regions.
	www.ecy.wa.gov /biblio/0303035.html (260 words)

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