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Topic: Biological inheritance

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	Biological inheritance Summary
		Cytoplasmic inheritance is a property of genes present outside the nucleus and located in the mitochondria of animals, plants, and fungi, and in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
		In another type of extranuclear inheritance, called infectious heredity, a symbiotic or parasitic organism lives in the cytoplasm of a cell, and its DNA is transferred to progeny cells along with the cytoplasm.
		Biological inheritance is the process by which an offspring cell or organism acquires or becomes predisposed to characteristics of its parent cell or organism.
	www.bookrags.com /Biological_inheritance (1405 words)

	Heredity - Search View - MSN Encarta
		Historically, the inheritance of acquired characters was rejected before the discovery of DNA and molecular genetics.
		A further distinctive feature of biological inheritance is that the hereditary material (the DNA, and the genes in it) is not altered during the lifetime of the organism, except for mutation.
		The genes that are inherited by one generation are passed on to the next generation in much the same form, even though the bodies of the organisms in successive generations have very different experiences and contain different combinations of genes.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /text_761564762__1/Heredity.html (5659 words)

	GSC Careers Brochure
		Genetics examines the mechanism of biological inheritance, the means by which the characteristics of a parent organism are passed on.
		The central discovery of genetics is that one mechanism of biological inheritance is universal.
		Inherited variation is the basis of evolution and has also been used as a tool to learn about inheritance.
	www.ucalgary.ca /~biolcore/biol311/GSCCareersbrochure.html (2291 words)

	Course Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Biological organization is based on a hierarchy of structural levels from atom to organism with each level building on the levels below.
		With each step upward in the biological hierarchy, new properties emerge that were not present at the simpler organizational levels.
		Biological instructions for an organism's complex structure and function are encoded in DNA.
	home.earthlink.net /~dayvdanls/CampOLs/Heirachy.html (1206 words)

	Genetics
		Genetics is that branch of science that relates to the study of genes, and their role in biological inheritance.
		It wasn't until 1865 that Gregor Mendel first traced inheritance patterns[?] of certain traits in pea plants and showed that they obeyed simple statistical rules.
		Although not all features show this Mendelian inheritance, his work acted as a proof that application of statistics to inheritance could be highly useful.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ge/Genetics.html (576 words)

	MASTERING A PURE HEART IN ASCENSION
		One inherits two holograms at birth; one is passed from either the father or mother and then the associated 25 lineages are chosen to construct the body in the womb from a range of lineages possible unto such a hologram.
		Long ago humans with such holographic inheritance knew how to dream the life and then live the life that was dreamt, as this was the original manner in which the tribal life occurred as seeded 75,000 years ago.
		It is those with primarily slave inheritance in present time that are dogmatic, view life as fl and white, are simple in their interests or preoccupations, are in search of a savior to change everything, and in their limitation strive to create war if in power or governance over regions or nations.
	www.ascendpress.org /articles/earth-motherII/PureHeart.htm (12285 words)

	HUMAN NATURE: ONE EVOLUTIONIST'S VIEW
		But cultural inheritance is distinctively human, based on transmission of information by a teaching and learning process, which is, in principle independent of biological parentage.
		Biological inheritance in humans is very much like that in any other sexually reproducing organism; it is based on the transmission of genetic information encoded in DNA from one generation to the next by means of the sex cells.
		Cultural inheritance, on the other hand, is based on transmission of information by a teaching-learning process, which is in principle independent of biological parentage.
	www.uchicago.edu /aff/mwc-amacad/biocomplexity/ayalazygon.html (6633 words)

	Biological inheritance - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The study of biological inheritance is called genetics, which includes epigenetics.
		The description of a mode of biological inheritance consists of three main categories:
		Determination and description of a mode of inheritance is primarily achieved through statistical analysis of pedigree data.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Biological_inheritance (276 words)

	Brainstorms: Because it's hard - "more bang for your buck"
		A multi-disciplinary approach is invaluable for modern biological research - for instance, my own research project draws on epidemiology (genetic association studies), molecular biology (gene cloning and recombinant DNA technology), protein biochemistry, animal genetic engineering, cell and tissue culture models, and a vast array of computer-based bioinformatic techniques.
		This allows me to follow a biological "story" all the way from genotype to phenotype, with plenty of stops along the way.
		biological complexity, organizational complexity, etc.) and the ontological status of purpose, especially from the vantage point of various information- and design-theoretic models.
	www.iscid.org /boards/ubb-get_topic-f-6-t-000357.html (1336 words)

	Consilience and Religion
		Religion has biological roots and like moral reasoning "is at every level intrinsically consilient with — compatible with, intertwined with — the natural sciences." The biological reduction of religion brings it into agreement with the established knowledge of the natural sciences.
		One of the historical consequences of this biologically based social cohesion was the rise of human dominance hierarchies, with rulers and priests mediating the heavenly dominance to their earthly subjects.
		Detachment from the biologically mandated consciousness that governs the vast majority of all our waking moments does not come naturally to biological life forms and particularly not to egocentric, conscious lifeforms whose basic map of the world has only two primary colours: self and other.
	www.ucalgary.ca /~eslinger/pub/onconsilience.html (5573 words)

	L.L Bernard: Instinct: Chapter 12: Conditional Development and Delayed Instincts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The old uncritical opinion that our biological inheritance consists of whatever traits we possess at birth is too narrow, from the standpoint both of what we do and of what we do not inherit.
		Equally true is it that not all of the inheritance of the child appears at the time of the birth of the child, at least not all such traits appear on the surface at that time.
		The final test as to the probability or possibility of a social, moral or mental trait being inherited or acquired, we may therefore conclude, lies in connection with the question whether it may be changed in kind in the individual rather than in the group.
	spartan.ac.brocku.ca /~lward/Bernard/1924/1924_12.html (10550 words)

	The Implications and Limitations of Genetic Models of Alcoholism and Other Addictions
		Biological findings about the offspring of alcoholics have been inconsistent and grounds exist to challenge the notion of an enhanced genetic liability for alcoholism that has been accepted wisdom for the last decade.
		The modern conception of the alcoholic's inbred, biological susceptibility to alcoholism arose in the aftermath of the repeal of Prohibition in 1933 and was a central tenet of the contemporary alcoholism movement's version of alcoholism from the inception of Alcoholics Anonymous (A.A.) in 1935.
		He indicated that finding a biological marker for alcoholism "would be as unlikely as finding one for basketball playing" and likened the role of heredity in alcoholism to that in "coronary heart disease, which is not due to twisted genes or to a specific disease.
	www.peele.net /lib/genetics.html (7788 words)

	Sample Chapter for Rosen, S.P.: War and Human Nature.
		But such statements about the inherited characteristics of the human brain could be true, or even obvious, and there might still remain important obstacles in the way of applying findings from the biological sciences to explanations of political behavior.
		The decision to investigate the implications of the findings in the biological sciences for international relations would be justified simply by the availability of better information about human nature, but in the case of international relations, we have major outstanding puzzles that we have difficulty resolving using standard models of rational choice.
		Human intelligence, and the inherited components of the human brain, therefore, might have emerged in ways that were marked by the social and sexual selection process that drove the evolution of the human brain.
	www.pupress.princeton.edu /chapters/s7873.html (11083 words)

	frontline: assault on gay america: a 'gay gene?': is homosexuality inherited? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Maternal inheritance could be explained if there was a gene influencing sexual orientation on the X chromosome, one of the two human sex chromosomes that bear genes determining the sex of offspring.[10] Men have both X and Y chromosomes, while women have two X chromosomes.
		Biological determinism is misconceived intellectually, as well as politically loathsome...Contrary to today's bio-belief, the heterosexual/homosexual binary is not in nature, but is socially constructed, therefore deconstructable.
		Biological research into sexuality will indeed be misconceived if we assume that we already understand the differences between the sexes.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/assault/genetics/nyreview.html (5586 words)

	Modern evolutionary synthesis Summary
		The dominant genetic theory of Darwin's time was blending inheritance, in which offspring were thought to be the genetic intermediates (in-between versions) of their two parents.
		Biological Evolution; Darwin, Charles; Mayr, Ernst; Genes; Genetics; Mendel, Gregor; Simpson, George Gaylord.
		This approach is taken to its logical extreme by Lynn Margulis in her theory of symbiogenesis, with symbiosis as the major source of inherited variation, in which entire genomes are combined.
	www.bookrags.com /Modern_evolutionary_synthesis (4422 words)

	Cultural selection discussion - Biological inheritance and Cultural adaptation
		Biological inheritance and Cultural adaptation - Rio - 2005-09-10
		Biological inheritance and Cultural adaptation - Agner - 2005-09-11
		Biological inheritance and Cultural adaptation - Agner - 2005-09-13
	www.agner.org /cultsel/discuss/read.php?i=65 (106 words)

	Chemically Controlled - Self Directed - Shambhala Relationships
		Your biologically inherited, chemically controlled, unconscious responses make up a major portion of what and who think you are.
		You will not be able to see past your biological package of ourself or others unless you have been trained to step first into the depths of yourself and then into the depths of others.
		Both sexes are wired to respond to the socially acquired, genetically inherited, and diligently practiced “attributes” of the opposite sex.
	www.shambhala-relationships.com /chemically.html (3510 words)

	Lecture 6: Patterns of Inheritance
		The next two lectures will consider in more detail how biological characteristics of organisms are passed from parent to offspring -- the study of the inheritance of biological traits is the area of biology known as genetics.
		Mendel noticed that the inheritance of each trait appeared to be independent of (unaffected by) the inheritance of the other trait.
		Sickle-cell disease is caused by an allele at the gene for hemoglobin -- besides effecting the shape of the red blood cell, this defect causes physical weakness, heart failure, impaired mental function, pneumonia, rheumatism and kidney failure.
	www.sci.sdsu.edu /classes/bio100/Lectures/Lect06/lect06.html (1587 words)

	Gene Expression: BIOLOGICAL VERSUS CULTURAL EVOLUTION
		With unimportant exceptions, biological heredity cannot transmit traits acquired during the lifetime of the individual, whereas cultural transmission frequently does.
		Individuals have no choice in receiving their biological inheritance, whereas people frequently do have a choice in deciding whether to accept some cultural trait.
		Biological traits are usually adaptive for the individuals who possess them, in the sense that possession of the trait enhances their reproductive fitness.
	www.gnxp.com /MT2/archives/000205.html (1467 words)

	Offprint 1 From Perspectives in Ethology, Vol. 2, Behavioural Design, edited by N. S. Thompson.
		A guiding metaphor of this work has been the notion of the selfish gene, a unit of inheritance that co-operates with other units of inheritance only because it has profited from their help in constructing organisms that are mechanisms for its own perpetuation.
		Whirlpools don't beget lineages of daughter whirlpools that inherit their particular attributes- If they did, they would be true replicators and might well engender an evolution of their own- In any case,I am pretty sceptical of Goodwinian embryology in its extreme form.
		If Dawkins' "kaleidoscopic embryology" means acknowledging the study of whole organisms and their transformations (developmental and evolutionary) as a basic and fundamental biological enterprise, with genes specifying essential factors (parameter values and other aspects of the dynamics) of life cycles but not themselves sufficient to explain orgasmic form and behavior, then we're agreed in principle.
	members.fortunecity.com /templarser/organism.html (5350 words)

	Second Evolution-5papers
		It is concluded that the rapid expansion of complex innate behaviour, macroevolution, speciation, and morphological complexity engendered by teemosis is evident in the fossil record as The Cambrian Explosion.
		It is argued the DNA molecule contains a second system of hereditary transmission, (the Teemosis Inheritance System) that is complementary to the Mendelian system, but which emerged 3.2 billion years after Mendelian inheritance and which regulates the acquisition and inheritance of teems.
		It is argued the Teemic Inheritance System is accommodated in non-protein-coding sequences of DNA and regulates the inheritance of emotional datasets.
	www.thesecondevolution.com /5papers.html (691 words)

	WKU Anth 450 Syllabus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		According to Gould (1996), biological determinism is the idea that differences in behavior among human groups are the result of inherent, immutable, and inheritable biological differences among those groups.
		Biological determinism is the idea that differences in behavior among human groups are the result of inherent, immutable, and inheritable biological differences among those groups (Gould 1996).
		Biological determinism is the idea that “shared behavioral norms, and the social and economic differences between human groups – primarily races, classes, and sexes – arise from inherited, inborn distinctions and that society, in this sense, is an accurate reflection of biology” (Gould 1996:20).
	www.wku.edu /~darlene.applegate/humanvariation/syllabus.html (3035 words)

	Zoology at SIUC - Undergraduate Course Descriptions
		Principles of heredity as related to humans, with emphasis on the affects of environment on the biological inheritance.
		Course emphasizes how principles from numerous biological disciplines are involved in conserving and managing biodiversity, and how social, economic, and political factors affect conservation strategies.
		Application of concepts from the biological, physical, and social sciences, economics, humanities, and law, are used to understand the interdisciplinary complexities of environmental issues.
	www.science.siu.edu /zoology/courses/descriptions-undergraduate.html (1558 words)

	SparkNotes: Addiction: The Concept of Addiction
		In recent years, the concept of addiction is not only a biological concept that is precipitated from substance abuse, but it also considers cultural, social, and cognitive or psychological influences.
		Addiction is best understood as an individual's adjustment to his or her environment that is often self-destructive.
		Some explanatory factors are that harboring of popular prejudices is an accepted norm, that deficiencies in research strategies are poorly acknowledged, and that the legality of various substances are unsettled.
	www.sparknotes.com /health/addiction/section1.html (461 words)

	Evolution, Epigenetics, and Maternal Nutrition Asim K. Duttaroy
		This epigenetic inheritance is the transmission of information from a cell or multi-cellular organism to its descendants without that information being encoded in the nucleotide sequence of the gene.
		Epigenetics aims to describe the inheritance of information on the basis of gene expression in contrast to "Genetics", which aims to describe the inheritance of information on the basis of DNA sequence.
		The addition of methyl groups to the DNA backbone is used on some genes to distinguish the gene copy inherited from the father and that inherited from the mother.
	www.mukto-mona.com /Special_Event_/Darwin_day/evolution_asim120206.htm (4787 words)

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