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Topic: Biomass

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	Renewable Energy - Biomass including wood, MSW, and biofuels, carbon cycle, photosynthesis
		Biomass is organic material made from plants and animals.
		Biomass fuels also have a number of environmental benefits.
		Biomass continues to be a major source of energy in much of the developing world.
	www.eia.doe.gov /kids/energyfacts/sources/renewable/biomass.html (1414 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Biomass is the organic non-fossil material of biological origin, collectively.
		For example, plants (including trees) and animals are biomass, as are the materials they produce, such as animal droppings and wood.
		Biomass is sometimes burned as fuel for cooking and to produce electricity and heat.
	wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/b/bi/biomass.html (104 words)

	Biomass - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The term biomass is especially useful for plants, where pickle some internal structures may not always be considered living tissue, such as the wood (secondary xylem) of a pickle tree.
		Biomass is grown from several plants, including switchgrass, hemp, corn, and sugarcane.
		Although fossil fuels have their origin in ancient biomass, pickle they are not considered biomass by the generally accepted definition because they contain carbon that has been 'out' of the pickle carbon cycle for a very long time.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Biomass (426 words)

	EIA Renewable Energy-Biomass Data and Information
		The electric power sector comprises electricity-only and combined-heat-power (CHP) within the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)22 category whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public.
		This chart shows three main segments (wood, waste, and alcohol fuels) of the biomass industry.
		This map shows biomass resource potential on Federal lands and the lower 48 states.
	www.eia.doe.gov /cneaf/solar.renewables/page/biomass/biomass.html (189 words)

	NREL: Learning - Biomass Energy Basics
		Biomass can be used for fuels, power production, and products that would otherwise be made from fossil fuels.
		Biomass, on the other hand, releases carbon dioxide that is largely balanced by the carbon dioxide captured in its own growth (depending how much energy was used to grow, harvest, and process the fuel).
		For biomass fuels, the feedstocks are corn (for ethanol) and soybeans (for biodiesel), both surplus crops.
	www.nrel.gov /learning/re_biomass.html (394 words)

	How Biomass Energy Works
		Biomass gasifiers capture methane released from the plants and burn it in a gas turbine to produce electricity.
		Biomass oils, like soybean and canola oil, can be chemically converted into a liquid fuel similar to diesel fuel, and into gasoline additives.
		It also means that biomass energy systems are likely to be smaller than their fossil fuel counterparts, because it is hard to gather and process more than this quantity of fuel in one place.
	www.ucsusa.org /clean_energy/renewable_energy_basics/offmen-how-biomass-energy-works.html (2974 words)

	NRDC: Biomass Energy (Wind, Solar and Biomass Energy Today)
		Biomass energy uses organic matter such as wood or plants -- called biomass -- to create heat, generate electricity and produce fuel for cars that is dramatically cleaner than oil.
		Biomass energy is growing rapidly and now accounts for 45 percent of the renewable energy used in the United States.
		Biomass power plants across the country burn agricultural waste to generate electricity for industries and residents.
	www.nrdc.org /air/energy/renewables/biomass.asp (903 words)

	Biomass Energy
		Biomass is made up mainly of the elements carbon and hydrogen; we use technology to free the energy bound up in these chemical compounds.
		Biomass such as waterwaste (sewage), manure, or food processing waste, is mixed with water and fed into a digester tank without air.
		Biomass absorbs carbon dioxide during growth, and emits it during combustion, therefore, it recycles atmospheric carbon and does not add to the greenhouse effect.
	www.yptenc.org.uk /docs/factsheets/env_facts/biomass_energy.html (633 words)

	ScienceMaster - JumpStart - Biomass Energy
		Biomass (organic matter) can be used to provide heat, make fuels, and generate electricity.
		The decay of biomass in landfills also produces a gas—methane—that can be burned in a boiler to produce steam for electricity generation or for industrial processes.
		The term "biomass" means any plant derived organic matter available on a renewable basis, including dedicated energy crops and trees, agricultural food and feed crops, agricultural crop wastes and residues, wood wastes and residues, aquatic plants, animal wastes, municipal wastes, and other waste materials.
	www.sciencemaster.com /jump/physical/biomass.php (740 words)

	EO Library: Biomass Burning Fact Sheet
		Biomass burning is the burning of living and dead vegetation.
		Scientists estimate that humans are responsible for about 90% of biomass burning with only a small percentage of natural fires contributing to the total amount of vegetation burned.
		Biomass burning particulates impact climate and can also affect human health when they are inhaled, causing respiratory problems.
	earthobservatory.nasa.gov /Library/BiomassBurning (343 words)

	CRES - Biomass Technologies (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Biomass technologies include numerous ways of using organic matter to directly generate power, heat, be processed into fuels, or converted to organically derived chemicals and other materials.
		Biomass sources are quite varied, including agricultural food and feed crops, crop waste and residues, wood wastes and residues, dedicated energy crops and trees, aquatic plants, animal wastes, and municipal wastes.
		These biomass resource supply figures are based on estimates for five general categories of biomass: urban residues, mill residues, forest residues, agricultural residues, and energy crops.
	www.cres-energy.org /technology/biomass.html (904 words)

	Biomass fuels and the future: interview
		Biomass energy is the only energy source that is completely CO2 neutral - meaning that it does not increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
		There are many different kinds of biomass fuels - from the traditional fuelwood used for cooking in a very inefficient way, to very sophisticated modern biofuels which are produced from purposely grown biomass.
		You can use biomass fuels to produce a gas that you burn, or to produce a liquid that you put in tanks and carry and sell in pumps, or you can use biomass to produce something like charcoal that you put in bags and export.
	www.fao.org /NEWS/1997/971202-e.htm (1335 words)

	Biomass Energy Home Page Biomass Energy
		Biomass is a renewable energy source because the growth of new plants and trees replenishes the supply.
		If the amount of new biomass growth balances the biomass used for energy, bioenergy is carbon dioxide "neutral." That is, the use of biomass for energy does not increase carbon dioxide emissions and does not contribute to the risk of global climate change.
		Biomass Resource Assessment and Utilization Options for Three Counties in Eastern Oregon: An assessment of the biomass feedstock resources in Baker, Union and Wallowa Counties and the use of biomass for electric power generation or conversion to ethanol fuel.
	www.oregon.gov /ENERGY/RENEW/Biomass/BiomassHome.shtml (1058 words)

	EPA - Biomass Utilization
		Biomass feedstocks are examined for their potential for forming products of incomplete combustion (PICs) under different thermal conditions.
		Assessments are made of biomass power systems and compared on a cost and efficiency basis with fossil fuel systems for generating electricity.
		The evaluation of biomass as a source of transportation fuel has been performed by analytical engineering studies of process options and co-feedstock options, especially natural gas, for methanol and hydrogen production.
	www.epa.gov /appcdwww/apb/biomass.htm (679 words)

	biomass energy (Site not responding. Last check: )
		While biomass releases about the same amount of carbon dioxide as fossil fuels, the net amount of carbon dioxide remains at zero if the growth of new plants reduces the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
		Biomass can be used to make the same products that are created by fossil fuels, sometimes using less energy to do so.
		Additionally, when biomass is heated, carbon monoxide and hydrogen (biosynthesis gas) is produced in great amounts to be later used in the production of plastics, acids, and synthetic fabrics.
	www.williams.edu /Geoscience/greenenergy/biomass.htm (423 words)

	Biomass (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Biomass does not add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere as it absorbs the same amount of carbon in growing as it releases when consumed as a fuel.
		Biomass is an important source of energy and the most important fuel worldwide after coal, oil and natural gas.
		Biomass fuels used in India account for about one third of the total fuel used in the country, being the most important fuel used in over 90% of the rural households and about 15% of the urban households.
	edugreen.teri.res.in /explore/renew/biomass.htm (544 words)

	Electricity from Biomass
		The term "biomass" encompasses diverse fuels derived from timber, agriculture and food processing wastes or from fuel crops that are specifically grown or reserved for electricity generation.
		Because biomass technologies use combustion processes to produce electricity, they can generate electricity at any time, unlike wind and most solar technologies, which only produce when the wind is blowing or sun is shining.
		Biomass fuels may be obtained from supplies of clean, uncontaminated wood that otherwise would be landfilled or from sustainable harvests.
	www.powerscorecard.org /tech_detail.cfm?resource_id=1 (646 words)

	BIOMASS ENERGY
		Biomass production is about eight times the total annual world consumption of energy from all sources (about 340 Quads).
		Because biomass feedstocks are bulky and costly to transport, conversion facilities will be located where the crop is grown.
		Burning new biomass contributes no new carbon dioxide to the atmosphere because if we replant harvested biomass, carbon dioxide is returned to the cycle of new growth.
	shimas-hosting.com /unisun/biomass_energy.htm (946 words)

	Tiempo Climate Cyberlibrary, Tiempo - Issue 29, Biomass as an energy source
		It has, however, been recognized for at least a decade that growing and using biomass on a continuous basis as a substitute for fossil fuels has clear advantages compared to using the biomass solely as a means to sequester carbon to create a carbon sink.
		The contribution of all forms of biomass (137 million tonnes oil equivalent) to reducing carbon dioxide emissions would total about 150 million tonnes of carbon by the year 2010, that is, a reduction of 17 per cent, twice the European Union’s obligation under the Kyoto Protocol.
		A clear point for policy makers is that trees and other forms of biomass can act as carbon sinks, but at maturity or at their optimum growth rate there must be plans to use the biomass as a source of fuel to offset fossil energies (or as very long-lived timber products).
	www.cru.uea.ac.uk /tiempo/floor0/recent/issue29/t29a3.htm (892 words)

	The Energy Story - Chapter 10: Biomass Energy
		Biomass is matter usually thought of as garbage.
		This is biomass from lumber mill wastes, urban wood waste, forest and agricultural residues and other feed stocks.
		The heat is used to boil water in the boiler, and the energy in the steam is used to turn turbines and generators (see Chapter 8).
	www.energyquest.ca.gov /story/chapter10.html (656 words)

	The Environmental Literacy Council - Biomass
		Biomass is considered a renewable resource because new growth typically replaces that of the decaying plants and trees.
		Biomass can be converted to a solid, liquid, or gas fuel or burned directly to produce steam to drive an electric generator.
		Although the burning of biomass does release some air pollutants, since biomass is part of the carbon cycle, carbon dioxide emissions are substantially reduced or nearly equal to what was captured during its growth phase.
	www.enviroliteracy.org /article.php/10.html (1459 words)

	Energy from Biomass
		Biomass, wind, and solar energy, produced on or gathered from open rural lands, can be made into electricity or fuel.
		Biomass energy sources include a variety of crops such as alfalfa, grasses, corn, and fast-growing trees.
		Biomass can be processed into ethanol or methanol, burned directly for heat, or gasified to make electricity.
	www.mda.state.mn.us /crp/biomass.htm (1218 words)

	WEC Survey of Energy Resources 2001 - Biomass
		The inability to fully address the indigenous biomass resource capability and its likely contribution to energy and development is still a serious constraint to the full realisation of this energy potential, despite a number of efforts to improve biomass energy statistics.
		The increasing interest in biomass for energy since the early 1990's is well illustrated by the large number of energy scenarios showing biomass as a potential major source of energy in the 21st century.
		Thus, if biomass is considered primarily as a substitute for coal, using modern conversion technologies for producing either electricity or liquid synfuels, the effect on atmospheric CO would be comparable to that which could be achieved with carbon sequestration, per tonne of biomass produced.
	www.worldenergy.org /wec-geis/publications/reports/ser/biomass/biomass.asp (4168 words)

	Bioenergy and Biomass Frequently Asked Questions
		Biomass is a scientific term for living matter, but the word biomass is also used to denote products derived from living organisms - wood from trees, harvested grasses, plant parts and residues such as twigs, stems and leaves, as well as aquatic plants and animal wastes.
		If biomass is cultivated and harvested in a way that allows regrowth without depleting nutrient and water resources, it is a renewable resource that can be used to generate energy on demand, with little net additional contributions to global "greenhouse gas" emissions.
		Installed capacity of biomass power generation worldwide is about 35,000 MW, with about 7,000 MW in the United States derived from forest-product-industry and agricultural residues (plus an additional 2,500 MW of municipal solid waste-fired capacity, which is often not counted as part of biomass power, and 500 MW of landfill gas-fired and other capacity).
	bioenergy.ornl.gov /faqs/index.html (5448 words)

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