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	Biometrics.gov - Home
		These websites, working together, were developed to encourage greater collaboration and sharing of information on biometric activities among government departments and agencies; commercial entities; state, regional, and international organizations; and the general public.
		Biometrics.gov provides basic information and links to specific biometric activities in the Federal government.
		The NSTC, a Cabinet-level Council, is the principal means within the executive branch to coordinate science and technology policy across the diverse entities that make up the Federal research and development enterprise.
	www.biometrics.gov (154 words)

	CBC News Indepth: Airport Security
		Biometrics is the science of using a person's unique physiological characteristics to verify their identity.
		Biometrics was being used to verify identity in a number of areas before the attacks on the United States on Sept. 11, 2001.
		This biometrics technique relies on the behaviour of the subject rather than the physical characteristics of the voice and is considered prone to inaccuracy.
	www.cbc.ca /news/background/airportsecurity/biometrics.html (1796 words)

	EFF: Biometrics
		Biometric systems are only as good as the initial identification, which in any foreseeable system will be based on exactly the document-based methods of identification upon which biometrics are supposed to be an improvement.
		Biometric systems fail in two ways: false match (incorrectly matching a subject with someone else's reference sample) and false non-match (failing to match a subject with her own reference sample).
		Biometric systems may be "tuned" to diverge from the equal error rate to provide a match threshhold that satisfies the designer's requirements.
	www.eff.org /Privacy/Surveillance/biometrics (7053 words)

	Biometrics Resource Center Website, NIST
		The bulletin summarizes biometric standards activities and the role of NIST/ITL and the Biometric Consortium in the development of these biometric standards.
		Focus is on accelerating the development of interoperability and biometric data interchange standards in cooperation with end-users and industry.
		The BC is the global clearinghouse for biometrics, is a major biometric standards incubator and is a catalyst for enterprise integration of biometric technology.
	www.itl.nist.gov /div893/biometrics (1130 words)

	findBIOMETRICS.com - Biometric Terminology Glossary
		Biometric (adjective) – Of or pertaining to technologies that utilize behavioral or physiological characteristics to determine or verify identity.
		There is no standard scale used for biometric scoring: for some vendors a scale of 1-100 might be used, others might use a scale of –1 to 1; some vendors may use a logarithmic scale and others a linear scale.
		Depending on the biometric system, a user may have to remove eyeglasses, remain still for a number of seconds, or recite a pass phrase in order to provide a biometric sample.
	www.findbiometrics.com /Pages/glossary.html (1941 words)

	Biometrics Information
		Biometrics authenticates and determines an individual’s identity by utilizing the uniqueness of his or her biological and behavioral characteristics.
		Biometrics can be classified according to the type of biometric data used, e.g., face, iris, voice, signature, or hand geometry identification.
		Multimodal biometrics requires more time to work with the information and develop an appropriate system than a unimodal biometrics does since several modules are put in use.
	www.biometrics-india.com /biometrics_information.html (710 words)

	Biometrics
		For a layman, it could be said that biometrics are the science of measuring physical and/or behavioral characteristics that are unique to each individual and they verify that an individual is who he or she claims to be.
		A biometric system is a real-time identification system which identifies a person by measuring a particular physical or behavioral characteristic and later comparing it to a library of characteristics belonging to many people.
		Fingerprint and other biometric devices consist of a reader or scanning device, software that converts the scanned information into digital form, and wherever the data is to be analyzed, a database that stores the biometric data for comparison with previous records.
	www.ewh.ieee.org /r10/bombay/news5/Biometrics.htm (2787 words)

	EPIC - Biometric Identifiers
		Biometric identifiers are of course widely used by people to identify each other – one might recognize a friend by the sound of her voice, the color of her eyes, or the shape of her face.
		The International Biometric Industry Association maintains a FAQ and links to other resources on biometric technology.Erik Bowman of Identix, a leading developer of biometric technology, describes biometrics from the industry perspective.
		The International Biometric Group, a leading integration and consulting firm in the biometric industry, has put together a brief in response to the terrorist attacks in which they caution against thinking of biometric devices as silver bullets and point out various limitations to the use of the technology.
	www.epic.org /privacy/biometrics (2242 words)

	Technology Review: Unwrapping the Biometric Present (Site not responding. Last check: )
		That includes a requirement that airports adopt biometrics in their access control systems, and it requires that the Attorney General create a law enforcement officer travel credential with a biometric identifier for all federal, state, local, tribal, and territorial government law enforcement agencies.
		Biometrics refers to a range of technologies that use physical measurements of the human body to identify individuals.
		According to the report of the 9/11 Commission, a standard technique used by Islamic terrorists to defeat so-called watchlists is for the person on the list to lose or destroy their passport, then to obtain a new passport with a slightly different English spelling of their name.
	www.technologyreview.com /articles/05/01/wo/wo_garfinkel011805.asp (510 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Biometrics Works"
		Biometrics and forensics have a lot in common, but they're not exactly the same.
		Biometrics uses your physical or behavioral characteristics to determine your identity or to confirm that you are who you claim to be.
		Biometric security systems, like the fingerprint scanner available on the IBM ThinkPad T43 (right), is becoming more common for home use.
	science.howstuffworks.com /biometrics.htm (699 words)

	NIST and Biometrics
		Once a tool primarily used by law enforcement, biometric technologies increasingly are being used by government agencies and private industry to authenticate a person’s identity, secure the nation’s borders, and to restrict access to secure sites including buildings and computer networks.
		Biometric systems recognize a person based on physiological characteristics, such as fingerprints, hand and facial features, and iris patterns, or behavioral characteristics that are learned or acquired, such as how a person signs his name, types, or even walks.
		These standards bodies are the Technical Committee M1 on Biometrics, established in November 2001 by the executive board of the International Committee for Information Technology Standards (INCITS), and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)/ International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Joint Technical Committee 1 Subcommittee on biometrics, known as JTC 1 SC 37-Biometrics, created in June 2002.
	www.nist.gov /public_affairs/factsheet/biometrics.htm (1081 words)

	Biometrics and Identity Verification - a CompInfo Directory
		Biometrics refers to the automatic identification of a person based on his/her physiological or behavioral characteristics.
		This method of identification is preferred over current methods involving passwords and PIN numbers for various reasons: the person to be identified is required to be physically present at the point-of-identification; identification based on biometric techniques obviates the need to remember a password or carry a token.
		Various types of biometric systems are being used for real-time identification, the most popular are based on face recognition and fingerprint matching.
	www.compinfo-center.com /syssec/biometrics.htm (751 words)

	Engadget Search (Site not responding. Last check: )
		We were pretty into the Pantech's GI100 cellphone with biometrics before, partly because of its hot retro-futuristic stylings, but mostly because of the biometrics—so naturally we wouldn't expect a company LG to leave well enough alone....
		Although biometric payment systems are still pretty rare -- good news for friends and relatives of folks who can't seem to stop buying those "As Seen on TV" items in the checkout aisle -- recent trials at stores like Albertsons and Cub Foods and...
		With all the money governments and companies are dumping into biometrics these days, we weren't all that surprised to read about "The Authorizer", a tiny square of film designed to sit in the middle of a cellphone's touch pad and be used...
	www.engadget.com /search/?q=biometrics (830 words)

	Panasonic Security Products - Biometrics
		Panasonic's proven biometrics solutions extend your security capabilities beyond surveillance and monitoring, to provide a highly effective 'front-end' to your complete security solution.
		Biometric technology overcomes many of the disadvantages of conventional ID and verification techniques such as keys, ID cards and passwords.
		Panasonic Biometrics relies on the complex and intricate patterns in the iris of the eye, which are unique to each individual.
	www.panasonic.com /bps_sec_biometrics (446 words)

	BIOMETRICS: HAND GEOMETRY (Site not responding. Last check: )
		For some kinds of access control like immigration and border control, invasive biometrics (eg., fingerprints) may not be desirable as they infringe on privacy.
		In such situations it is desirable to have a biometric system that is sufficient for verification.
		Users are granted access to a set of files in a web-site after their identity has been verified using Biometrics - Hand Geometry in particular.
	biometrics.cse.msu.edu /hand_geometry.html (346 words)

	DoD Biometrics
		Biometrics are measurable physical characteristics or personal behavioral traits used to recognize the identity or verify the claimed identity of an individual.
		A biometric system is an automated tool for measuring and evaluating these characteristics or traits for the purpose of human recognition.
		At the application level, biometric system can be used to protect information, systems, or networks (logical access); to protect installations, facilities, and spaces (physical access); or to record or audit an individual's transactions to ensure security or prevent fraud (accountability).
	www.biometrics.dod.mil /content/content.aspx?navid=2&PageID=168 (472 words)

	What is biometrics? - a definition from Whatis.com - see also: biometric
		In information technology, biometrics refers to technologies that measure and analyze human body characteristics, such as fingerprints, eye retinas and irises, voice patterns, facial patterns and hand measurements, for authentication purposes.
		Authentication by biometric verification is becoming increasingly common in corporate and public security systems, consumer electronics and point of sale (POS) applications.
		Here's how biometric verification works on the back end: To convert the biometric input, a software application is used to identify specific points of data as match points.
	searchsecurity.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid14_gci211666,00.html (434 words)

	SJSU Biometrics
		Research on biometrics began at San Jose State University under the auspices of the College of Engineering in 1994.
		The Biometric Consortium established the National Biometric Test Center at San Jose State University in the Spring of 1997.
		It is important to recognize that the Test Center works with people in industry and in government to optimize resources and assist in the development and enhancement of the industry as a whole.
	www.engr.sjsu.edu /biometrics (299 words)

	Biometrics Integrated IT Services Biometrics Identification Systems, Biometrics IT/Network Security, Biometrics ...
		We are a global Biometric Security and Monitoring solutions and system integration services provider which designs, develops, integrates and maintains complex mission critical security and monitoring systems to enable enterprise realize optimum use of their infrastructure.
		Biometrics Integrated is the biometrics industry's leading independent system integration and consulting firm, providing a broad range of services to government and private sector clients.
		Biometrics Integrated is completely vendor-independent and technology-neutral, allowing it to objectively and independently assess biometrics companies, technologies, products, and projects.
	www.biometricsintegrated.com (389 words)

	Biometrics Institute, Ltd. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Permission is given to copy material from this website for which the Biometrics Institute holds copyright, provided full and appropriate credit is given and the copies are intended solely for research or study purposes and not for sale or redistribution.
		The Biometrics Institute logo may not be used without prior written permission from the Biometrics Institute; nor may it be represented in an altered form.
		The Biometrics Institute has used reasonable endeavours to ensure that material contained on this web page (and all its web-site) was correct at the time the page was created and last modified.
	www.biometricsinstitute.org /displaycommon.cfm?an=1&subarticlenbr=58 (353 words)

	Biometrics Direct - Fingerprint Biometrics - Your Source for Fingerprint Biometric Security Solutions
		During the CES show, the BioCert ClipBio Pro 2GB Biometric Flash Drive was dipped into boiling water, immersed in a Starbuck’s Latte, dropped in a glass of Coca Cola, submersed in water and left for 30 minutes in salt water and yet the drive still retained all of the data and worked flawlessly after drying.
		Our signature BioCert® and iQBio™ fingerprint biometric solutions are developed and marketed in conjunction with very select, field-proven biometric partners and industry specialists that are experts in their respective disciplines.
		Biometrics Direct has been a proud member of the Better Business Bureau since 2004 and subscribes fully to the BBB Online Reliability Program.
	www.biometricsdirect.com (1379 words)

	Biometrics FAQ
		Biometrics is the science of measuring physical properties of living beings.
		Biometrics, as the science of measuring and compiling distinguishing physical features, now recognizes many further features as ideal for the definite identification of even an identical twin.
		Because biometric values are difficult to model, the existence of statistical significance is hard to estimate.
	www.bromba.com /faq/biofaqe.htm (7738 words)

	Biometric Consortium
		About Us The Biometric Consortium serves as a focal point for research, development, testing, evaluation, and application of biometric-based personal identification/verification technology.
		The Biometric Consortium organizes a premier biometrics conference every fall.
		Information about past conferences, current government and standards activity, a bulletin board service, and other biometric resources can be found throughout this web site.
	www.biometrics.org (66 words)

	What is biometrics? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary
		In computer security, biometrics refers to authentication techniques that rely on measurable physical characteristics that can be automatically checked.
		Biometrics Systems: GHG Corporation - Offers a time and attendance terminal that utilizes fingerprint recognition technology to automate your time and attendance collection.
		Biometric payments that use finger scans for check cashing and credit and debit purchases are gaining traction, but it remains to be seen how they will hold up to contactless payments backed by the biggest names in the credit card industry.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/B/biometrics.html (574 words)

	Biometrics
		Biometric identification technologies, such as automatic face, fingerprint and iris recognition, are beginning to be used for user authentication in a variety of applications including computer login, building access control, and fast-track clearance through immigration.
		Biometric technologies measure a variety of anatomical, physiological and behavioural characteristics, and use the measurements to distinguish between different people and sometimes also to check that the image or signal presented is that of a real face, fingerprint, iris, etc, rather than that of a fake.
		Measurements of a living entity will vary from one occasion to the next, and are normally highly dependent on environmental conditions and user behaviour.
	www.npl.co.uk /scientific_software/research/biometrics (239 words)

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