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Topic: Biostratigraphy

	Biostratigraphy and Geochronology
		Biostratigraphy is the study of the temporal and spatial distribution of fossil organisms.
		Biostratigraphy and geochronology are fundamental aspects of all geological training programs in education, with all courses providing some tuition in the construction and interpretation of the geological time scale.
		In any case, biostratigraphy remains a cost effective means of correlating and dating sediments, although we have to accept that as we move into the 21st Century the chemical signatures of sedimentary rocks will be increasingly used for the same purpose.
	www.nhm.ac.uk /hosted_sites/paleonet/paleo21/biostrat.html (4230 words)

	Biostratigraphy in Production and Development Geology
		Biostratigraphy in Petroleum and Development Geology presents 16 papers that, in general, focus on the applications and impact of biostratigraphy in the search for hydrocarbons.
		The economic benefit of stable, coherent taxonomic schemes was emphasized, as was the understanding of the paleoecology of fossils, which are both important, practical points to be made to paleontology students.
		Anyone teaching biostratigraphy (or micropaleontology) at a university should be familiar with the text, and a couple of the articles should be required reading for the students.
	www.nhm.ac.uk /hosted_sites/pe/2000_1/books/biostrat.htm (903 words)

	USING MICROFOSSILS IN PETROLEUM EXPLORATION (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab-2.cs.princeton.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Biostratigraphy is the differentiation of rock units based upon the fossils which they contain.
		Biostratigraphy plays a critical role in the building of geologic models for hydrocarbon exploration and in the drilling operations that test those models.
		The fundamental principal in stratigraphy is that the sedimentary rocks in the Earth's surface accumulated in layers, with the oldest on the bottom and the youngest on the top (Figure 6).
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu.cob-web.org:8888 /fosrec/ONeill.html (2313 words)

	The use of biostratigraphy
		Basic biostratigraphy is concerned with the recognition of fossils and the relative position of their occurrences in space and time.
		The most frequently used fossil groups in biostratigraphy are listed below, together with their use as stratigraphic and environmental indicators.
		The use of biostratigraphy as a tool in petroleum exploration is well established.
	www.xs4all.nl /~strats/biostrat.htm (678 words)

	BIOSTRATIGRAPHY, PALYNOLOGY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Biostratigraphy is best defined as the study of the biosphere and the interaction with the hydrosphere and lithosphere through time and space.
		The most often use of biostratigraphy is establishing the age and time duration of lithostratigraphic formations.
		Biostratigraphy is efficacious in creative application, especially when integrated with other geological specialties to solve stratigraphic problems.
	www.brantabiostrat.com /BIOSTRATIGRAPHY.htm (1409 words)

	Biostratigraphy of the Sandersville Limestone
		The method used to determine the age of the Sandersville Limestone in the study is biostratigraphy.
		The intent of this year’s phase of the Sandersville Limestone biostratigraphy study was to confirm the conclusions of the previous years as to the age of the Saffold Road locality of the limestone.
		Samples of rock from the three localities from which we collected were boiled in Quatinary O solution to disaggregate the fossils and to remove the matrix from the specimens.
	www.cas.gsu.edu /acres/sum2001/Papers/Jim/Biostrat.htm (1548 words)

	BIOSTRATIGRAPHY
		Except for this discrepancy, which should be resolved in postcruise research, the biostratigraphies of the three planktonic microfossil groups document a relatively continuous sequence of early late Miocene-late Pleistocene age (Table T10).
		The biostratigraphies also show an increase in sedimentation rate (~60 m/m.y.) for the 5- to 7-Ma interval, which may be considered a biogenic bloom interval.
		The preliminary shipboard planktonic foraminifer biostratigraphy is based on core catcher samples from Hole 1241A and some additional samples from Hole 1241C in order to constrain the upper part of the sedimentary sequence.
	www-odp.tamu.edu /publications/202_IR/chap_12/c12_5.htm (1321 words)

	Biostratigraphy - Cambridge University Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In modern geochronology - meaning timescale-building and making correlations between oceans, continents and hemispheres - the microfossil record of speciations and extinctions is integrated with numerical dates from radioactive decay, geomagnetic reversals through time, and the cyclical wobbles of the earth-sun-moon system.
		Biostratigraphy and biohistorical theory I: evolution and correlation; 5.
		Biostratigraphy and biohistorical theory II: carving nature at the joints; 7.
	www.cambridge.org /catalogue/print.asp?isbn=0521837502&print=y (189 words)

	Biostratigraphy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Biostratigraphy is the science of dating rocks by using the fossils contained within them.
		For example, one section might have been made up of clays and marls while another has more chalky limestones, but if the fossil species recorded are similar, the two sediments are likely to have been laid down at the same time.
		Ammonites, graptolites and trilobites are index fossils that are widely used in biostratigraphy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Biostratigraphy (263 words)

	Advances in the Application of Biostratigraphy to Petroleum Exploration and Production, by G.O. Giwa, A.C. Oyede, and ...
		Biostratigraphy is the study of rock strata using fossils.
		The refinement of sequence stratigraphy by the Exxon Group led to an increased demand for biostratigraphy, because high-resolution biostratigraphy was a key component of this development.
		Wellsite biostratigraphy is a long established tool for the real time stratigraphic monitoring of drilling, principally used to determine the stratigraphic position of the drill-bit, and to pick coring and casing points and total depth (TD).
	www.searchanddiscovery.net /documents/2006/06002giwa/index.htm (2010 words)

	Brian McGowran (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		(ii) Biostratigraphy is using fossils to tell geological time and put earth- and life-historical events in their correct order.
		It addresses the ordination, succession and ages of fossil assemblages, sedimentary strata, evolutionary events, and geological events ranging from the making and breaking of supercontinents and birth and death of oceans, to climatic shifts, to triggering steps in organic evolution and extinction.
		Biostratigraphy is a robustly pragmatic discipline but there is not much of a literature on how it nests within the broader questions of fossils and the life of the past.
	www.ees.adelaide.edu.au /people/geology/bmcgow01.html (876 words)

	Mosasaur Biostratigraphy
		Everhart, M. Revisions to the biostratigraphy of the Mosasauridae (Squamata) in the Smoky Hill Chalk Member of the Niobrara Chalk (Late Cretaceous) of Kansas.
		Even with the substantial improvements that had been made over previous attempts, Stewart believed that his biostratigraphy was flawed by the lack of reliable stratigraphic data for even those specimens collected during the previous 20 years.
		Protosphyraena in Kansas and Alabama; geology, paleontology and biostratigraphy of western Kansas.
	www.oceansofkansas.com /Mosa-strat.html (6750 words)

	Stratigraphy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Smith, known as the Father of English Geology, created the first geologic map of England and first recognized the significance of strata or rock layering.
		Stratigraphy includes two related subfields: lithologic or lithostratigraphy and biologic stratigraphy or biostratigraphy.
		Biostratigraphy or paleontologic stratigraphy is based on fossil evidence in the rock layers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Stratigraphy (706 words)

	Radiometric Dating and the Geological Time Scale (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab-2.cs.princeton.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The study of the succession of fossils and its application to relative dating is known as "biostratigraphy".
		Various attempts were made as far back as the 1700s to scientifically estimate the age of the Earth, and, later, to use this to calibrate the relative time scale to numeric values (refer to "Changing views of the history of the Earth" by Richard Harter and Chris Stassen).
		Therefore, by dating a series of rocks in a vertical succession of strata previously recognized with basic geologic principles (see Stratigraphic principles and relative time), it can provide a numerical calibration for what would otherwise be only an ordering of events -- i.e.
	www.talkorigins.org.cob-web.org:8888 /faqs/dating.html (5239 words)

	GEOL 331 Lectures 6-7: Biostratigraphy
		Oppel is widely viewed as the founder of modern biostratigraphy.
		Primary data of biostratigraphy: presence or absence of fossil in a geologic horizon
		Biostratigraphy opened the door to global correlation of strata, but is, nevertheless subject to biases and filters that make it most reliable on a local scale.
	www.geol.umd.edu /~tholtz/G331/lectures/331strat.html (1609 words)

	Biostratigraphy bibliography
		Kauffman, E. G., 1970, Population systematics, radiometrics and zonation - a new biostratigraphy: North American Paleontological Convention, Proceedings, p.
		Khomentovsky, V. V., Shenfil', V., Yakshin, M. S., and Pyatiletov, V. Late Precambrian stratigraphy of the Siberian Platform [in Russian], in The Organic World and Biostratigraphy of the Late Precambrian and Paleozoic of Siberia and adjacent regions: Novosibirsk, Nauk, p.
		Ludvigsen, R., 1986, Trilobite biostratigraphic models and the paleoenvironment of the Burgess Shale (Middle Cambrian), Yoho National Park, British Columbia: Canadian Paleontology and Biostratigraphy Seminars.
	www.talkorigins.org /origins/biblio/biostratigraphy.html (151 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		BIOSTRATIGRAPHY; CRETACEOUS; JURASSIC; PALEOECOLOGY; PALEOGEOGRAPHY; PLIENSBACHIAN; SINEMURIAN; TURKEY Ager, D.V. Brachiopod biozonation in the Jurassic.
		BIOSTRATIGRAPHY; JURASSIC; STRATIGRAPHY Ager, D.V.; Childs, A. & Pearson, D.A.B. The Evolution of the Mesozoic Rhynchonellida.
		BIOSTRATIGRAPHY; CYRTOSPIRIFER; DEVONIAN; FAMENNIAN; MESOPLICA; SIBERIA; TRIFIDOROSTELLUM; USSR Alekseeva, R.E. Brakhiopody i stratigrafiia nizhnego devona Severo- Vostoka.
	www.nmnh.si.edu /paleo/brachbib/brachbib.txt (13713 words)

	PaleoSource: Intro to Applied Biostrat (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab-2.cs.princeton.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Paleoecology and biostratigraphy are both grown from a biological response to environmental conditions (water chemistry, deposition) which are subsequently geologic detail (geochemistry, formations, bedding, etc.).
		The next segment will deal with how biostratigraphy and paleoecology are derived and how well they can and should work.
		Reproducible results and "high resolution" biostratigraphy are impossible until this level of sampling is achieved (see chart: Statistically Significant Counts).
	members.aol.com.cob-web.org:8888 /earthview/Tbst1.htm (3443 words)

	Biostratigraphy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Biostratigraphy was developed by William Smith in 1796 while supervising the construction of canals throughout England.
		In the 1830's, Cuvier noted that one could observe and record the extinction of fossils in strata.
		The irreversible process of evolution allows biostratigraphy it's autonomy for age determination and correlation.
	hoopermuseum.earthsci.carleton.ca /biostrat/NINE.HTML (97 words)

	USGS: Science Topics: biostratigraphy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Publication (PDF format) in three parts on the biostratigraphy and lithostratigraphy of the Ibexian Series in the North American Ordovician, with sections on the southern Egan Range, Nevada and the biostratigraphy of the eastern Great Basin.
		Brief description of vertebrates and use of their fossil bones and footprints to aid in dating strata in biostratigraphy and to decipher past climates and recreate ancient ecosystems in paleoecology, paleoclimatology and paleobiogeography.
		Use of diatoms in biostratigraphy, coastal and estuarine studies, paleoceanology, paleoliminology, earthquake studies, environmental quality and forensic studies.
	www.usgs.gov /science/science.php?term=115 (391 words)

	Biostratigraphy reading notes
		Biostratigraphy is the traditional use of paleontological data since the time of Smith and Cuvier.
		The aim is to use fossils to make correlations, that is, placing rocks in a relative time context.
		Precision has improved due to several strategies: careful examination of evolving lineages, the use of multiple fossil groups, and quantitative correlation.
	www.uwm.edu /People/mtharris/Paleo/RN19.html (795 words)

	Advanced Applied Biostratigraphy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		About the Course: Starting with the basics; steps and techniques assuring quality control from the shale-shaker to the processing lab to the final report.
		The fundamentals of marine biostratigraphy are reviewed and augmented with the latest information.
		The latter half of the course charts the immediate future of industrial biostratigraphy and techniques that will expand the role of paleontology in the oil and gas industry.
	www.members.aol.com /earthview/Taabiost.html (170 words)

	Biostratigraphy.com - About Us
		Biostratigraphy.com, LLC can bring the best of major oil company experience and worldwide expertise to your exploration and development biostratigraphy.
		Biostratigraphy.com, LLC is a Dallas-based consulting company, formed after the BPAmoco-Arco merger, that provides big company biostratigraphy services to any size company.
		Through an extensive worldwide network of affiliated experts, we can select the best expert, or team of experts, to meet your needs.
	www.biostratigraphy.com /information.html (671 words)

	T. Markham Puckett
		Puckett's research interests focus on the biostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy of the northern Gulf Coastal Plain.
		He has studied and published on the taxonomy, paleoecology, and biostratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous Ostracoda and the biostratigraphy of planktonic foraminifera.
		Puckett, T. Markham, 1995, Planktonic foraminiferal and ostracode biostratigraphy of late Santonian through early Maastrichtian strata in Dallas County, Alabama: Geological Survey of Alabama Bulletin 164, 59 p.
	www.geo.ua.edu /Documentation/faculty/Puckett.html (413 words)

	Pierre A. Zippi, c.v., resume
		Mesozoic to Recent biostratigraphy (palynology and micropaleontology) stratigraphy and paleoenvironmental and paleoclimate reconstruction.
		Evolution and radiation of early angiosperms; Statistics, numerical taxonomy, transfer functions and computer applications utilizing microfossil and geologic data.
		My duties included regional stratigraphy with the integration of all types of stratigraphic data; the application of biostratigraphy to resolve regional and prospect scale correlation problems, and to help determine depositional systems.
	www.pazsoftware.com /PZcv.html (2677 words)

	NZ Negene-Recent foraminifera and biostratigraphy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		This site refers to some studies of Neogene - Recent foraminifera and biostratigraphy in the New Zealand region which may be useful to the research community.
		The main focus is on the systematics and biostratigraphy of Neogene globorotaliid taxa, principally those present in southwest Pacific Pliocene - Pleistocene strata.
		Research Associate, Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences, Lower Hutt.
	homepages.paradise.net.nz /ghscott (110 words)

	Integrating Biostratigraphy into Geologic Models (SEPM/NAMS) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		McLaughlin, Jr, P. Sugarman, K. Miller, R. Benson, J. Browning, G. Brenner: Application of Microfossils to Production-Scale Problems in Ground-Water: Aquifer Biostratigraphy of the Cretaceous and Miocene of Delaware and New Jersey, Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain, USA
		Jaffri: High Impact Sequence Biostratigraphy of the Fim Kassar Oil Field, Kohat-Potohar Basin, Pakistan
		Bower, J. Brady, R. Frost: The Role of Biostratigraphy in Exploration-Led Play Prediction; the Importance of Regional Subsurface Chrono-Sequence Stratigraphy in Rapid Basin Evaluation, Barmer Basin, Rajasthan, India
	aapg.confex.com /aapg/2006am/techprogram/S3264.htm (192 words)

	BIOSTRATIGRAPHY
		Calcareous nannofossils at this hole were dated primarily from core-catcher (CC) samples.The nannofossil biostratigraphy suggests the sequence represents a record from the Pleistocene to the lower Miocene (Table T6).
		As mentioned in "Biostratigraphy" in the "Site 1150" chapter, postcruise scanning electron microscope study will be necessary for defining this boundary.
		The nannofossils in Zone 15 are common to abundant and well preserved in both sites.
	www-odp.tamu.edu /publications/186_IR/chap_05/c5_4.htm (1805 words)

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