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Topic: Biowarfare

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	Genetic Research and Biowarfare (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Current models of biowarfare involve introducing a biohazard into a targeted population, and then letting nature take its course as the biohazard infects the target population (and anyone else who happens to be infected).
		While it is possible that the technology currently being used in genetic research could eventually contribute to the development of ethnically-targeted biowarfare agents, scientists seem far from being able to control the properties of microbes with such precision at the present time.
		The best defense against the development of novel genetically-targeted biowarfare agents are demands that international protocols banning such research be agreed to by the United States and enforced, and that no secret research on pathogens and vaccines be permitted to take place here or abroad.
	www.ipcb.org /publications/briefing_papers/files/biowarfare.html (1290 words)

	Gay Today at Badpuppy
		A group of biowarfare experts, appearing before a United Nations panel in 1969, estimated that the cost of a large-scale killing operation against a civilian population would amount to $2,000 per square kilometer with conventional weapons, $800 with nuclear weapons, $600 with nerve-gas weapons, and $1 with biological weapons.
		Biowarfare testing also took place in military bases in Virginia, in Key West, Florida, and off the coasts of California and Hawaii.
		As predicted by the biowarfare experts, monster "super-germs" were created that had a deadly effect on the immune system.
	gaytoday.badpuppy.com /garchive/health/063097he.htm (2431 words)

	Terrorists and Biowarfare
		Frustrated by their failure at biowarfare, they turned to a less arduous method of mass killing -- chemical attack -- and in 1995 killed 12 Tokyo subway riders by releasing sarin gas in the tunnels.
		Richard Danzig, a former Navy secretary and now a biowarfare consultant to the Pentagon, said that while there are 1,000 to 10,000 "weaponeers" worldwide with experience working on biological arms, there are more than 1 million and perhaps many millions of "broadly skilled" scientists who, while lacking training in that narrow field, could construct bioweapons.
		The 2002 NDU study -- led by Zilinskas and Seth Carus, a biowarfare expert at the university -- concluded that at that time, large-scale bioweapons were less likely to be fashioned by terrorists than by nations such as Iran, or by disgruntled bioscientists.
	healthandenergy.com /terrorists_and_biowarfare.htm (1908 words)

	[No title]
		The biowarfare lab has been renovated since then and Army experts claim their elaborate safety precautions will prevent such a leak.
		Critics also point out that it was the Army that denied for a year that it was responsible for the 1968 accidental release of nerve gas from Dugway that killed some 6,000 sheepin the area.
		Finally, public information about what was happening at Dugway suffered a serious setback in September 1993, when the biowarfare oversight committee that advises the governor of Utah on biological defense testing matters at Dugway voted to make itself off-limits to the public.
	www.xmission.com /~legalize/dud/biowarfare.txt (1272 words)

	International and Homeland Security
		Boehm was called to active duty shortly after September 11, 2001, to help the Navy develop an inclusive biowarfare agent detection program.
		He and his colleagues at BDRD developed, implemented and trained Navy personnel in how to sample, test and respond to possible biowarfare attacks by agents such as anthrax and smallpox that, this past spring, the Navy adopted as a standard operating procedure for detecting the presence of BW agents.
		While the three-tiered protocol was designed for seafaring ships, the same steps can be - and have been - taken to determine the presence of BW agents in buildings and other enclosed structures.
	homelandsecurity.osu.edu /features/biowarfareagents.html (730 words)

	ALL THE PRESIDENT'S SCANDALS, Clinton Donor's Biowarfare Deal [Free Republic]
		Biowarfare, not IW, is the real threat, he says.
		The museum is an important propaganda mill for the new Beijing line that the U.S. used biological weapons against the Chinese during the Korean War.
		Clinton has maintained for years that biowarfare is a top national security concern.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a38ba9e3f5594.htm (1477 words)

	The Place of Smallpox Vaccination in Biowarfare Strategy
		Chiefly, this is military 'intelligence' that the troops of both nations have at various times received vaccinations for the disease, without consideration of the possibility that such vaccinations might be a defensive prophylactic measure.
		There are also indications that Iraq may have conducted biowarfare research on smallpox analogs such as camelpox and the vaccinia virus.
		The strategy of preparing for biowarfare, preparing your population to survive a Smallpox epidemic, is subject to interpretation, most importantly to mis interpretation, and over interpretation.
	www.jimpivonka.com /pages/smallpoxvacc.htm (1803 words)

	[No title]
		Of far greater concern are biowarfare viral agents for which there may be no antibiotic or other medical treatments, and which may be readily transmitted.
		In parallel to existing laboratory studies on biowarfare agents, multiple text mining studies, using different approaches and different databases, need to be performed to identify potential biowarfare agents based on all the knowledge available from disparate literatures today.
		After these candidate biowarfare agents had been examined further and prioritized for weaponizing by the relevant technical and intelligence communities, potential defenses, including detection systems, vaccines, and therapies, could be developed and evaluated.
	www.onr.navy.mil /sci_tech/33/332/docs/predict_biowarfare.doc (911 words)

	Postgraduate Medicine: Bacteria as agents of biowarfare
		When used in biowarfare, anthrax spores are much more likely to cause the mediastinal and systemic infection of inhalational anthrax.
		Tularemia is a zoonotic infection caused by the gram-negative coccobacillus Francisella tularensis.
		Aerosolized tularemia used in biowarfare causes infection from inhalation of as few as 10 to 50 organisms (15).
	www.postgradmed.com /issues/2002/08_02/tjaden1.htm (3930 words)

	Francis Boyle: Biowarfare, Terror Weapons and the US
		I made it very clear that research, development, testing of such biowarfare agents would be punished by life in prison.
		The only people who would have the capability to do this would be individuals who either are currently employed by the Department of Defense or the CIA doing biowarfare work, or had been employed by the Department of Defense or the CIA doing biowarfare work.
		Part of the insidious nature now of the anthrax investigation is that the FBI is going out and saying to microbiologists, all right we want you involved in the investigation, we are going to give you something to analyze but you have got to sign a pledge of secrecy.
	www.counterpunch.org /boyle0425.html (5143 words)

	On the Trail of Toxic Terror - Freedom Magazine
		Halabja, one of the cities attacked with gases that may have included aflatoxin, remains plagued with abnormally high rates of miscarriages, birth defects and cancer.
		Compact enough to be mounted on a pickup truck or speedboat, Italian-made biowarfare sprayers posed the greatest threat to allied forces during Desert Storm, according to Colonel Schumacher.
		Under weather and climate conditions that existed then in the area of combat operations, Schumacher told Freedom, “we would have had an exposure in excess of 180,000 troops if just one of these sprayers was turned on.” He hopes no sprayers were used in Operation Iraqi Freedom.
	www.freedommag.org /English/vol35i1/page09.htm (382 words)

	Home
		Learn how biowarfare is nothing new - it has been used since antiquity.
		The theme for biowarfare and bioterrorism is a thread of caution, not panic.
		Future possibilities for biowarfare and the research leading to them is described.
	www.biotechpub.com /Biowarfare.htm (185 words)

	biowarfare
		No one has ever said biowarfare could kill even tens of thousands of people in an instant.
		The question is: could biowarfare kill tens, or hundreds, of thousands of people, in a month, or a few months?
		I'm sorry, but I'll be just as upset at a hundred thousand, or ten thousand, or one thousand, people killed by biowarfare, as the same number killed by nuclear warfare.
	home.uchicago.edu /~rhaynes/papers/biowarfare.html (1786 words)

	QED BioWarfare Antibodies Anthrax Antibody Bioterrorism Yersinia Francisella Marburg
		QED BioWarfare Antibodies Anthrax Antibody Bioterrorism Yersinia Francisella Marburg
		As a result, the demand for reagents that can aid in the identification of biowarfare agents has escalated.
		QED is pleased to respond to this need with a panel of monoclonal antibodies to Bacillus anthracis, Francisella tularensis, Yersinia pestis, and Marburg Virus that can identify these agents in different immunoassay formats including ELISA, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence assays.
	www.qedbio.com /biowarfare.htm (257 words)

	Biowarfare is subject of latest JAC forum
		Berkelman began by sketching a history of biological warfare, which dates to ancient times, when dead animals were thrown into wells to contaminate drinking water.
		On this continent, the first incidence of biowarfare came in the 18th century when European traders gave blankets laced with the smallpox virus to Native Americans.
		She quickly moved to the 20th century, detailing the work of both the United States, which she said abandoned its bioweapons programs in the 1960s, and the former Soviet Union, which continued its research.
	www.emory.edu /EMORY_REPORT/erarchive/2003/April/erApril7/4_7_03biowarfare.html (594 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > State -- Judge halts shipment of biowarfare agents to two research labs
		U.S. District Court Judge Saundra Armstrong signed the order Monday night to suspend shipment to the Department of Energy's proposed biowarfare research facilities at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California and the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico.
		In August, two environmental groups – Tri-Valley CARES of Livermore, Calif. and Nuclear Watch of Santa Fe, N.M. – filed a lawsuit against the DOE and the two labs in federal court.
		Spokeswoman Nancy Ambrosiano said the biowarfare agent research lab is complete but research isn't expected to begin until May. She said the lab would help increase the speed of bio-forensic analysis, allowing for rapid analysis of substances such as anthrax.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/state/20031216-2141-ca-biowarfareresearch.html (393 words)

	Pierce to Build Biowarfare Defense Vehicle
		Pierce Manufacturing Inc. recently entered a joint agreement with Vital Probes Inc. of Mayfield, Penn., to construct a first-of-its-kind biowarfare defense vehicle for the U.S. Air Force.
		Use of the MMTL has the potential to prevent the loss of human lives and adverse effects to the economy by conducting those tests on site,” according to Vital Probes.
		Vital Probes manufactures platforms for detection of biowarfare agents and probes that detect biomarkers for organisms such as anthrax.
	firechief.com /news/biowarfare-defense-vehicle (242 words)

	Postgraduate Medicine: Defending against viruses in biowarfare
		Some countries are suspected of having stockpiled smallpox virus for use as a biowarfare agent.
		This suspicion, together with the recent use of anthrax as a weapon in the United States, has amplified the threat of smallpox as a biological weapon (4,7).
		The arthropod-borne viruses, which are known as the arboviruses, are the most likely viruses to cause encephalitis if used as biowarfare agents.
	www.postgradmed.com /issues/2002/08_02/straight2.htm (2728 words)

	Wired News: Need Biowarfare Agent? Hop Online
		The genome sequence of a potential biowarfare agent called Brucella is freely and publicly available to anyone with Internet access.
		The stockpile was destroyed in 1969 when the government halted its biowarfare program.
		And while most experts doubt terrorists are sophisticated enough to use the genomic information now available online, it's possible a state-supported biowarfare effort could be.
	www.wired.com /news/medtech/0,1286,55331,00.html (783 words)

	OPHEPR; History of Biowarfare and Bioterrorism
		During an infamous biowarfare attack in 1941, the Japanese Military released an estimated 150 million plague-infected fleas from airplanes over villages in China and Manchuria, resulting in several plague outbreaks in those villages.
		Reportedly, by 1945, the Japanese program had stockpiled 400 kilograms of anthrax to be used in a specially designed fragmentation bomb.
		In the only known use of biowarfare by Germany, a large reservoir in Bohemia was poisoned with sewage, in 1945.
	www.azdhs.gov /phs/edc/edrp/es/bthistor2.htm (1876 words)

	NOVA Online \| Bioterror \| History of Biowarfare
		While rare, the use of biological weapons dates back centuries, and the recent anthrax attacks have brought home in a harrowing way how much of a role they may play in our present era.
		Here, explore confirmed cases of biowarfare and bioterrorism throughout history, including several that are painfully recent.
		And learn more about state-sponsored programs that conceivably could provide the seeds of future attacks by terrorists.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/bioterror/history.html (182 words)

	Anthrax & Biowarfare: Is the U.S. Government the Real Terrorist You Need to Worry About?
		Linking U.S. biowarfare development to the October 2001 anthrax attack on Congress-the most significant political attack on the constitutional functioning of democracy in the United States in recent history-Boyle sheds new light on the motives for the attack, the
		Biowarfare and Terrorism should raise public concern at what the vastly expanded US biowarfare research and purported civilian preparedness programs hold in store
		Francis A. Boyle is a leading American professor, practitioner and advocate of international law.
	www.organicconsumers.org /politics/anthrax110305.cfm (574 words)

	BIOWARFARE - Index of Stories
		Biowarfare: CDC Issues Plan for Mass Smallpox Vaccinations.
		As Many as 12 Dead Microbiologists Since 9-11 and Many Connections To Biowarfare, the CIA and Deadly Plagues.
		Len Horowitz, Harvard trained medical researcher, best-selling author, and biowarfare expert writes a letter to the FBI on anthrax.
	www.fromthewilderness.com /free/ww3/index-biowarfare.html (849 words)

	UNCENSORED » US IMPLICATED IN BIOWARFARE EXPERIMENTS ON OWN POPULATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		We will begin with B. burgdorferi since although it has a complicated life-cycle involving both arthropod and animal intermediates, it is easy to grow and we have extensive experience in working with it in different complex environments including ticks, rodents and human samples.
		Given their charter (to protect the US from biowarfare attacks), would it not represent criminal negligence if they did not investigate Lyme/Bb while doing their tick research, especially considering the massive scale of the zoonotic tick epidemic (”the most common vector-borne infection in the United States”) raging around the Plum Island region today?
		And according to Carroll, there is a history of tick research being conducted at Plum Island–the research lab based on a similar Nazi biowarfare lab, which happens to overlap with the outbreak of a major tick-vectored epidemic in the region:
	uncensored.co.nz /archives/2005/11/30/us-implicated-in-biowarfare-experiments-on-own-population (2092 words)

	AIDS: Biowarfare Experiment Out Of Control? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In connection with the large-scale biowarfare experimentation begun by the military establishment during World War II.
		An April 2, 1990 FOIA request to Army headquarters in the Pentagon regarding biowarfare experimentation at Fort Detrick was followed 25 days later with a letter stating that the request had been forwarded to the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command at Fort Detrick.
		In response to a letter seeking the status of the original FOIA request, a letter dated May 31 from Fort Detrick said, "the former letter was incorrectly referred to this Headquarters for action" and added that the request had gone back to the Pentagon.
	mindgallery.com /hiddenroom/biowarfare.html (9341 words)

	Encyclopedia Nebari
		Chliks almost became extinct during the Final War, after the Hathnor tribe used them to spread a viral weapon.
		The Contagion— Genetically engineered from the recombined DNA of several viral agents and the Orliandis plant, the Contagion represents a covert act of biowarfare on the part of the Establishment, directed against species in systems slated for eventual occupation.
		Establisment scientists have begun spreading the disease by injecting it into the bloodstream of unknowing Nebari dissidents prior to allowing them to leave Sanctuary.
	www.nebari.net /Encyclopedia_Nebari.html (1952 words)

	Advances in Technology and the Prevention of their Application to Next Generation Biowarfare Agents - Institute of ...
		Advances in Technology and the Prevention of their Application to Next Generation Biowarfare Agents - Institute of Medicine
		Advances in Technology and the Prevention of their Application to Next Generation Biowarfare Agents
		The risks posed by bioterrorism and the proliferation of biological weapons capabilities have increased concern about how the rapid advances in genetic engineering and biotechnology could enable the production of biological weapons with unique and unpredictable characteristics.
	www.iom.edu /CMS/3783/17082.aspx (375 words)

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