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Topic: Bipropellant

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	Method and apparatus for secondary and tertiary recovery of hydrocarbons - Patent 4678039
		A bipropellant gas generating system in which water is injected through slotted inlets along the combustion chamber wall to provide an unstable boundary layer and stripping of the water from the wall for efficient steam generation is disclosed in U.S. Pat.
		The bipropellant gas generator has a chamber wherein a fuel and an oxidant are mixed, ignited, and combusted yielding flooding agents at elevated temperatures and pressures.
		The exhaust gases formed in the bipropellant generator 20, which include steam resulting from the water formed during combustion along with the steam generated by evaporation of the cooling fluid, is fed through line 30 toward the well bore 22.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4678039.html (4035 words)

	Bipropellant rocket - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A bipropellant rocket engine is a rocket engine that uses two fluid propellants stored in separate tanks that are injected into, and undergo a strong exothermic reaction, in a rocket's combustion chamber.
		The highest ISP bipropellant rocket engine in existence is the hydrogen/oxygen fuelled SSME which gives very high performance; but in terms of overall performance the dense-fuelled NK-33 is comparable due to better mass ratios; in spite of lower specific impulse.
		Bipropellant rockets have to introduce the propellants into the chamber at high pressure, mixing them well to give stable and thorough combustion and stop the chamber from melting.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bipropellant_rocket (1373 words)

	EADS Bipropellant Thrusters and Apogee Motors.
		For over 30 years, bipropellant thrusters from EADS Lampoldshausen have been used for a diversity of mission applications, including attitude, trajectory, manoeuvering and orbit control of large satellites and spacecraft, deep space probes and apogee orbit injection of Geostationary satellites.
		Whilst most bipropellant thruster models are available of the shelf, it is customary for each model to be precisely tailored to specific customer requirements.
		Our bipropellant engines and thrusters are designed and tailored to fulfil all the requirements for orbital satellites or deep space probes, including orbit injection and all manoeuvres required to maintain a stable orbit and attitude throughout the spacecraft's operating service life.
	cs.space.eads.net /sp/SpacecraftPropulsion/BipropellantThrusters.html (746 words)

	EADS Lampoldshausen - Satellite and Spacecraft propulsion.
		Expertise is within the fields of ion, cold gas, monopropellant hydrazine and bipropellant thrusters ranging from 0.02 N to 500 N thrust.
		Bipropellant thrusters are available in 4 N, 10 N, 20 N and 400 N thrust levels.
		All bipropellant thrusters produced at Lampoldshausen have their combustion chamber and nozzle throat manufactured from a heat and oxidation resistant platinum alloy.
	cs.space.eads.net /sp/lampoldshausen.html (1599 words)

	Self Pressurized Rockets
		Self-pressurized bipropellant systems have a pressurizing gas with a molecular weight on the order of 30 to 44 (ethane and propane respectively), whereas conventional pressure fed systems have a pressurizing gas with a molecular weight of 4 (helium).
		Self-pressurized bipropellant technology is most easily used with rocket propellants maintained at room temperature, where suitable materials for flexible bladders and fuel pickup lines are available.
		The volatile propellant must have a latent heat of evaporation and heat capacity such that a sufficient fraction of the volatile propellant can be evaporated for use in pressurization without cooling the liquid propellant to the state where its vapor pressure is too low for rocket operation.
	www.dunnspace.com /self_pressurized_rockets.htm (5232 words)

	Gel/solid bipropellant propulsion system with energy management capability - Patent 5133183
		A gel/solid bipropellant propulsion system employs fuel-rich combustion gs from a solid gas generator and an oxidizer gel in a highly efficient combustion chamber wherein the fuel-rich combustion gases and the oxidizer gel are each metered through a vortex injector into a combustion chamber to produce a hypergolic reaction.
		The bipropellant propulsion system of this invention comprises a solid fuel gas generator which is ignited by an igniter to thereafter furnish fuel-rich effluent for combustion and for pressurizing and expelling a gelled oxidizer from an oxidizer storage vessel.
		When a bipropellant propulsion system shut-down is desired, shut-off valves 41,42, and 43 are closed off by system controller 40 to maintain pressure behind the IRFNA gel or oxidizer storage tank 30 and within propellant ingredients lines 22 and 33 which are the fuel-rich combustion effluent line and IRFNA gel oxidizer line, respectively.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5133183.html (3357 words)

	FR Doc 03-26750
		Bipropellant attitude control thrusters provide thrusts comparable to monopropellant thrusters, which are usually 5 pounds of force or less.
		Bipropellant in-space propulsion systems are more fuel efficient, as well as more expensive, than monopropellant propulsion systems.
		Dual mode apogee thrusters are specialized bipropellant apogee thrusters that operate using hydrazine, the same fuel used by monopropellant thrusters, in combination with an oxidizer.
	a257.g.akamaitech.net /7/257/2422/14mar20010800/edocket.access.gpo.gov/2003/03-26750.htm (2446 words)

	bipropellant
		A rocket propellant consisting of two substances, the fuel and the oxidizer, that are held separate prior to combustion.
		Bipropellants are commonly used in liquid-propellant rocket engines.
		There are many examples, including RP-1 (a kerosine-containing mixture) and liquid oxygen (used by the Atlas family), and liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen (used by the Space Shuttle).
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/B/bipropellant.html (125 words)

	Service Propulsion
		Its major components are a bipropellant valve assembly, injector, propellant lines, electrical wire harness, ablative thrust chamber, nozzle extension, thrust mount, gimbal ring, and gimbal actuator assembly.
		The bipropellant valve assembly consists of two nitrogen pressure vessels, two injector prevalves, two nitrogen regulators, two nitrogen relief valves, four solenoid control valves, four actuators, and eight bipropellant ball valves.
		The nitrogen tanks are mounted on the bipropellant valve assembly to supply pressure to the injector prevalves.
	www.apollosaturn.com /asnr/p159-172.htm (4495 words)

	On-Board Chemical Propulsion
		High-leverage bipropellant systems are critical to both commercial competitiveness in the international communications market and to cost-effective mission design in government sectors.
		To significantly improve bipropellant engine performance, we must increase the thermal margin of the chamber materials.
		Lightweight, low-volume, high-pressure bipropellant engine technology is also being developed for small-satellite applications requiring high thrust.
	www.lerc.nasa.gov /WWW/RT1996/5000/5330sc.htm (348 words)

	High-Performance Bipropellant Engine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		For the past two to three decades, the majority of radiation-cooled rockets were composed of a high-temperature niobium alloy (C103) with a disilicide oxide coating (R512) for oxidation resistance.
		The R512 coating practically limits the operating temperature to 1370 °C. For the Earth-storable bipropellants commonly used in satellite and spacecraft propulsion systems, a significant amount of fuel film cooling is needed.
		Again, the operating temperature is limited by the coating; however, Ir is capable of long-life operation at 2200 °C. For Earth-storable bipropellants, this allows for the virtual elimination of fuel film cooling (some film cooling is used for thermal control of the head end).
	www.grc.nasa.gov /WWW/RT1998/5000/5430schneider1.html (408 words)

	Tris(2-azidoethyl)amine and method of preparation thereof - Patent 4499723
		Current storable liquid bipropellant systems are based on using storable liquid oxidizers such as nitrogen tetroxide (NTO), 75NTO/25NO(MON) (75% nitrogen tetroxide/25% nitric oxide), and inhibited red fuming nitric acid (IRFNA) and storable liquid fuels such as hydrazine derivatives and hydrocarbons.
		In evaluating candidate liquid bipropellant systems that would have minimum smoke, two critical parameters were selected as the criteria.
		Thus, as previously noted, the performance and plume signature of the state-of-the-art liquid bipropellant rocket systems can be significantly improved by replacing MMH or other hydrazine derivatives with the compound of this invention.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4499723.html (1440 words)

	+quot;6231352.TXT+quot; (9670 bytes) was created on 12-12-88 ORBITAL MANEUVERING SYSTEM Th
		In each of the OMS pods, gaseous helium pressure is supplied to helium isolation valves and dual pressure regulators, which supply regulated helium pressure to the fuel and oxidizer tanks.
		The engine pressure isolation valve permits gaseous nitrogen flow from the tank to the regulator, accumulator, the bipropellant ball valve control valves and purge valves 1 and 2 when energized open and isolates the nitrogen tank from the gaseous nitrogen supply system when closed.
		The 19-cubic- inch gaseous nitrogen accumulator downstream of the check valve and upstream of the bipropellant control valves provides enough pressure to operate the engine bipropellant control valves one time with the engine pressure isolation valve closed or in the event of loss of pressure on the upstream side of the check valve.
	www.skepticfiles.org /cowtext/comput~1/ohs-rcs.htm (8550 words)

	Advanced Chemical Propulsion
		These are all examples of "bipropellants"-- propellants that have two components.
		The bipropellant that is most often used in interplanetary spacecraft with relatively small engines is nitrogen tetroxide / monomethyl-hydrazine, commonly referred to as NTO/MMH.
		Early testing shows that while it has a higher combustion efficiency than the beryllium-oxygen-hydrogen system, is only allows a slight advantage over a fluorine-hydrogen bipropellant system.
	eo.ucar.edu /staff/dward/sao/fit/advanced.htm (950 words)

	Bipropellant rocket
		A bipropellant rocket is a rocket that uses separate fuel and oxidizer[?] propellants.
		Bipropellant systems are more efficient than monopropellant systems, but they tend to be more complicated because of the extra hardware components needed to make sure the right amount of fuel gets mixed with the right amount of oxidizer (this is known as the mixture ratio.)
		Thousands of combinations of fuels and oxidizers have been tried over the years.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/bi/Bipropellant_rocket.html (175 words)

	Northrop Grumman > NGST > Capabilities > Space Systems > Propulsion Systems > Technologies > Bipropellant
		We are the only rocket manufacturer that uses pintle injector technology in liquid and gel bipropellant rocket engines.
		Northrop Grumman's bipropellant engine experience includes scaling over 130,000:1 in thrust and 250:1 in chamber pressure, and operations with 25 different propellant combinations.
		To date, the smallest bipropellant pintle engine has provided 5 lbf and the largest has produced 650,000 lbf.
	www.st.northropgrumman.com /capabilities/space/propulsion/technologies/bipropellant.html (224 words)

	7.1.1 OOM Structure
		Its primary function is to be the attachment locus for the two Kaiser Marquardt R4-D bipropellant engines and the engine's peripherals such as fuel lines, gimbal actuators, heaters, etc., needed for the engine's proper functioning.
		The second function is to serve as the attachment point for the toroidal fuel tank and the rest of the bipropellant fuel system peripherals.
		The bipropellant tank assembly consists of three components: a fuel tank for storing hydrazine, an oxidizer tank that will store nitrogen tetroxide, and the bipropellant outer liner.
	www.aerojockey.com /papers/asterius/node25.html (1502 words)

	Chp 2: Propulsion Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In Europe there are two major contractors for monopropellant and bipropellant spacecraft propulsion systems, MBB and Matra-Marconi.
		The MBB bipropellant thruster technology is flying successfully on Inmarsat 2, EUTELSAT II and TELECOM II.
		Bipropellant thruster technology for orbit insertion and stationkeeping has also been developed and will be employed on ETS-VI (Figure 2.57).
	www.wtec.org /loyola/satcom/c2_s5a.htm (875 words)

	AdvanceSpace (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		ranges from 180-250 seconds; bipropellant Isp ranges from 330-480 seconds.
		These propulsion systems have relatively simple designs compared to bipropellant systems.
		Bipropellant systems are more complex than monopropellant systems, requiring two sets of tanks and associated piping.
	www.advancespace.com /Chemical_Rockets.html (179 words)

	Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter: The Mission (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Thrust is produced by passing the fuel over beds of catalyst material just before it enters the thruster, which causes the hydrazine to combust.
		(Other types of systems use bipropellant propulsion, where combustion is achieved by mixing a fuel with an oxidizer.
		The Space Shuttle, for example, uses liquid hydrogen as fuel and liquid oxygen as oxidizer, which spontaneously combust (explode) when they are mixed.)
	mars.jpl.nasa.gov /mro/mission/sc_propulsion.html (491 words)

	Amazon.com: "bipropellant propulsion": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Communication Satellites, Fourth Edition by Donald H. Martin See all pages with references to bipropellant propulsion.
		Spacecraft Propulsion (Aiaa Education Series) by Charles D. Brown See all pages with references to bipropellant propulsion.
		It had hydrazine and bipropellant propulsion systems for interplanetary trajectory manoeuvres, initial Mars orbit insertion and circularisation, and subsequent orbit maintenance.
	www.npg.org.uk /betsie/parser.pl/0126/www.amazon.com/phrase/bipropellant-propulsion (412 words)

	Northrop Grumman > NGST > Capabilities > Space Systems > Propulsion Systems > Propulsion Products and Services > ...
		Northrop Grumman continues to develop new bipropellant engines and thrusters in response to customer needs.
		Northrop Grumman has a long heritage of design, manufacture, integration and testing of bipropellant systems for satellites and spacecraft.
		NASA RCE contract for a 100 lbf class LOX/Methane started in early 2006, and test activities have already commenced.
	www.st.northropgrumman.com /capabilities/space/propulsion/products/biprop.html (205 words)

	[No title]
		Scott A. Miller is currently the Manager of Propulsion Systems and Bipropellant Technology at Aerojet in
		In this role he is responsible for overall management of propulsion system programs and new bipropellant technology projects, as well as for supervisory management of the engineers and team leaders supporting these areas.
		Active areas of development in bipropellant technology include high performance dual-mode bipropellant engines, advanced chamber materials, non-toxic propellants, and mixed gas H2-O2 engines.
	www.aiaa.org /tc/lp/resume/miller.htm (329 words)

	Hypergolic Bipropellant Engine Development (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Both NASA and DoD are seeking alternatives to the highly-toxic storable propellants currently in use.
		A new class of storable hypergolic bipropellants using high-concentration hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizer.
		In the present application, engines are being sized to potentially fit into kinetic energy weapon concepts currently being explored within BMDO.
	cobweb.ecn.purdue.edu /~heister/bmdo.html (89 words)

	American Pacific Corporation :: AMPAC-ISP Bipropellant Thruster Completes Critical Maneuver for Mercury MESSENGER ...
		AMPAC-ISP Bipropellant Thruster Completes Critical Maneuver for Mercury MESSENGER Spacecraft
		NIAGARA FALLS, N.Y., July 7 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- Ampac-ISP Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of American Pacific Corporation (NASDAQ: APFC), reported that their LEROS 1b thruster successfully completed a 524-second burn for the Mercury MESSENGER spacecraft on December 12, 2005, putting the solar-powered spacecraft on track for its first scheduled flyby of Venus in October 2006.
		The LEROS 1b is a 645N class Hydrazine/NTO bipropellant thruster that was first qualified in 1995 and has been flying on telecommunications and military missions since 1996.
	sev.prnewswire.com /aerospace-defense/20060707/LAF01007072006-1.html (689 words)

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