Bishops Wars - Factbites

Bishops Wars - Factbites
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Topic: Bishops Wars

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	1640.txt
		General Background of the Bishops Wars During services in St. Giles Cathedral in Edinburgh on July 23, 1637, Janet Geddes registered her objection to the use of a prayer book written by bishops by throwing her stool at the Dean of the church.
		He commanded a regiment in the Bishops Wars, and was second in command in Ulster until Leslie was recalled, and he commanded the army in Ulster until he was imprisoned by the English Parliamentarians.
		Knowledge of these wars will not only be useful to members when answering patron questions regarding the effect of the Bishops Wars, but will be useful for those occasions when we mix with other 17th century groups, most of whom reenact the English Civil War.
	www.celticfringe.net /clannquiz/1640.txt (3588 words)

	The Covenanters by Brian Orr Part 15
		The Bishops Wars did not, however, bring a feeling of security to any of the combatants.
		The Bishops Wars and Wars of the Three Kingdoms (1639-1646)
		It is of note that that the leading dissenting nobles - Loudon, Eglinton and Rothes - led regiments in the First Bishops War and many feudal nobles regained their status of old as warlords.
	www.tartans.com /articles/cov15b.html (3588 words)

	Bishops' War - Eduseek
		Bishops' Wars - Description of the Bishops'' wars that took part in the English Civil War.
		The Bishops' Wars - Chronology of the Bishops'' War and its involvement in the English Civil War.
		Subjects > History > History - 12+ > Conflict and War > 15th to 17th Century Conflicts > Bishops' War
	www.eduseek.com /static/navigate198.html (3588 words)

	1640 Definition / 1640 Research
		[click for more] in an attempt to fund the second of the Bishops WarsThe Bishops' Wars, a series of armed encounters and defiances between England and Scotland in 1639 and 1640, were part of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.
		He was forced to call the Short Parliament primarily to obtain money to finance his military struggle with Scotland in the Bishops' Wars.
		It was sometimes referred to in diplomatic circles as the "Sublime Porte" or simply as "the Porte", due to the greeting ceremony the sultan held for foreign ambassadors at the Pa...
	www.elresearch.com /1640 (950 words)

	Building the bridge
		After the terrible experiences of the wars, the carnages, the holocausts of this strife-ridden century, it was clear that the task of bringing men and women together across all boundaries, was the primary task of the civilised world.
		Whatever the reasons for applying this word to Roman priests - the reason appears to be obscure, it turns out to be a rather appropriate title for those bishops (the word is now used exclusively for bishops) who are engaged in the ecumenical task.
		Bishop Conti suggests that the relationship between the WCC and the Catholic Church could be a unique relationship, and concludes with some words on the office of the Bishop of Rome.
	www.catholic-ew.org.uk /briefing/9905/9905008.htm (2756 words)

	10583.txt
		The wars of these bishops against the petty nobles, who made their castles so many receptacles of robbers and plunder, were thus the foundation of public liberty.
		During the wars which desolated these opposing territories, in consequence of the perpetual conflicts for superiority, the power of the various towns insensibly became at least as great as that of the nobles to whom they were constantly opposed.
		John d'Avesnes, count of Hainault, having also succeeded in 1299 to the county of Holland, the two provinces, though separated by Flanders and Brabant, remained from that time under the government of the same chief, who soon became more powerful than the bishops of Utrecht, or even than their formidable rivals the Frisons.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/docs/books/gutenberg/1/0/5/8/10583/10583.txt (17683 words)

	The Covenanters by Brian Orr Part 15
		The Bishops Wars and Wars of the Three Kingdoms (1639-1646)
		The Bishops Wars did not, however, bring a feeling of security to any of the combatants.
		Three months later a Scottish Army of the Covenant under Alexander Leslie (now Earl of Leven) crossed the Border and were met with resistance at Newcastle which they bypassed.
	www.tartans.com /articles/cov15b.html (740 words)

	The Bishops' Wars 1639-40
		Strafford advised disbanding the unimpressive northern militia from the First Bishops' War and raising a new levy in the south.
		The first wave of Scots began to cross the ford at about 4 o'clock in the afternoon.
		In desperate need of money, Charles was obliged to summon the Long Parliament, which first asembled on 3 November 1640.
	www.british-civil-wars.co.uk /military/bishops-wars.htm (740 words)

	Utrecht (province) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Many wars were fought between Utrecht and the neighbouring counties and duchies, Holland, Gelderland and Brabant.
		Utrecht is the smallest province of the Netherlands, and is located in the center of the country.
		In the east of Utrecht lies the Utrechtse Heuvelrug, a chain of hills left as lateral moraine by tongues of glacial ice after the Saline glaciation that preceded the last ice age.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Utrecht_(province) (359 words)

	List of wars - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Wars of the Three Kingdoms also called the British Civil Wars
		War of 1812 fought between the United States and Britain, and part of the greater war between Britain and France
		War of the Confederation of Bar in Poland
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_wars (359 words)

	Bishops' Wars - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Bishops' Wars, a series of armed encounters and defiances between
		The Bishops' Wars: Charles I's Campaigns Against Scotland, 1638-1640 (Cambridge Studies in Early Modern British History) by Mark Charles Fissel ISBN 0521345200
		Glasgow defied Charles’s orders and abolished the office of bishop, the King had to choose between tame submission and immediate war.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bishops'_Wars (359 words)

	Bishops' Wars
		The Treaty of Ripon was signed to bring an end to the Second Bishops' War.
		The King's representative, the Marquis of Hamilton, declared the Assembly dissolved on 24th November...but he was ignored...and the Assembly went on to abolish bishops completely...and then dismissed itself.
		The Treaty of Berwick ends the First Bishops' War.
	www.thevickerage.worldonline.co.uk /ecivil/bishops_wars.htm (359 words)

	USCCB Reviews - Star Wars: Episode II: Attack of the Clones
		Because of stylized fantasy violence, the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops classification is A-II -- adults and adolescents.
		Director George Lucas improves on his 1999 "Stars Wars: Episode I-- The Phantom Menace" but the new adventure set 10 years later, "Star Wars: Episode II-- Attack of the Clones" (20th Century Fox) ranges from occasionally dull to quite exciting.
		The sets, costumes and vehicles are visual eye candy, not to mention new alien life forms and a trio of terrifying monsters bent on killing Obi-Wan, Padme and Anakin in a gladiatorial arena.
	www.usccb.org /movies/s/starwarsepisodeiiattackoftheclones.htm (777 words)

	Polish culture: The Warmia Museum in Lidzbark Warminski
		Until 1795 the castle was the residence of Warmian bishops, many of whom contributed to the history of Poland in remarkable ways.
		The Gothic building was unaffected by the turbulent events of the Polish history, namely the eighteenth century partitions, the nineteenth century national uprisings and the twentieth century wars, and, following the 1985 restoration, its splendour can be fully appreciated.
		The Warmia (Ermeland) Museum is housed in a castle dating from the second half of the fourteenth century.
	www.culture.pl /en/culture/instytucje/muzea/in_mu_lidzbark_warminski (298 words)

	Pepys' Diary: Monday 5 March 1659/60
		The Covenanters successfully resisted the king�s armies in the Bishops� Wars (1639�40).
		In the English civil war they supported the parliamentary party only after the English Parliament had accepted (1643) the Solemn League and Covenant, which provided for the eventual establishment of a Presbyterian state church in England and Ireland as well as in Scotland.
		But I do think it obvious from the sustained efforts at first drafts before a finished entry is concluded—and from a variety of ticks and narrational mannerisms—that Pepys knew already he was writing for an audience and not just for his own circle’s entertainment decades hence.
	www.pepysdiary.com /archive/1660/03/05/index.php (298 words)

	FT October 2001: Good Wars
		The modern ethos of war was first articulated by Erasmus, who argued at length that war was unnatural and unfitting for human beings, and that even just wars are morally unacceptable.
		War is not to be entered into lightly�especially modern war with its propensity for disproportionate measures in combat.
		War, for Aquinas, can be a means to a just peace as well as a means to destroy an unjust peace (such as one established by Nazis).
	www.firstthings.com /ftissues/ft0110/articles/cole.html (298 words)

	Europaeum
		The Kappel Wars in the CH, in which the Reformed Zürich wanted to gain the initiative through force, are good examples.
		The HRE retained its monarch and the prerogative powers were not negligible such as in elections of bishops or through the Imperial Aulic Court in Vienna, despite reduction in their political power at the end of the Thirty Years' War.
		While Catholics may have agreed in principle with the idea that the territory should remain Catholic, it was not to be done at the cost of the rights and privileges of the localities.
	www.europaeum.org /events/summerschools/2003/masawasa.html (298 words)

	Socio-Political Resistance as a Thematic Layer
		The patriarchal exclusivity was selected in order to set up the Roman rulers as a hierarchy of middlemen (bishops), turning religion into a force for their own profit and for uniformity.
		Around 150, there was extreme conspiracy and instability in the Roman Empire; Christianity was born from a matrix of extreme conspiracy, mixed with the Jewish-Roman wars.
		Roman aristocrats persecuted Christians because to be a Christian was to be a sympathizer with the rebel slaves, even though the Jesus figure was against violent resistance.
	www.egodeath.com /SocioPoliticalResistanceAsThematicLayer.htm (298 words)

	Bishop Bishop of Sion Bishop of Warmia Bishopbriggs Bishopric of Warmia Bishops Bishops Wars Bishops of Krak? Bishops of Warmia Bishops of Worcester Bishopstone
		Bishop Bishop of Sion Bishop of Warmia Bishopbriggs Bishopric of Warmia Bishops Bishops Wars Bishops of Krak?
		Saints Day is open to all 8th grade students interested in attending Bishop Dwenger read more...
		Local Allergy Info from Pollen.com - Meet Locals read their Hotel Tips and Travel Guides for Bishop, CA Unbiased reviews and advice for Bishop Bishop City Guide HelloMetro in Bishop Best Rates GUARANTEED Discount...
	en.powerwissen.com /search/_3_Bishop.html (123 words)

	The History Channel - The English Civil War
		The English Civil War: Or 'The British Civil Wars 1639-53'?
		1640 Aug Covenanters invade England and force King to negotiate (Second Bishops' War)
		1639-40 Covenanters defeat both Scottish royalists and English troops sent against them (First Bishops' War)
	www.historystudystop.co.uk /php/displayarticle.php?article=15&page=2&topic=emb (123 words)

	Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Wars included the Bishops' Wars of 1639 and 1640, the Scottish Civil War of 1644–5; the Irish Rebellion of 1641, Confederate Ireland, 1642–9 and the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland in 1649 (collectively the Irish Confederate Wars); and the First, Second and Third English Civil Wars of 1642–6, 1648–9 and 1650–51.
		The Wars of the Three Kingdoms were an intertwined series of conflicts that took place in Scotland, Ireland, and England between 1639 and 1651 at a time when these countries had come under the Personal Rule of the same monarch.
		Chronology of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wars_of_the_Three_Kingdoms (3007 words)

	Music University
		List of Anglican Bishops and Archbishops of Sydney
		List of Alumni and Faculty of the University of Glasgow
		List of Administrative shire counties of England by Population
	www.musicuniversity.org /index.php?title=Special:Allpages/List_of (3007 words)

	Encyclopedia: English Civil War
		The ominous peace was broken by troubles in Scotland, where efforts to enforce Anglican episcopal policy led to the violent opposition of the Covenanters and to war in 1639 (see Bishops’ Wars) and compelled Charles to seek the financial aid of Parliament.
		The first (1642– 1645) and the second (1648 – 1649) civil wars pitted the supporters of King Charles I against the supporters of the Long Parliament, while the third (1649 – 1651) saw fighting between supporters of King Charles II and supporters of the Rump Parliament.
		The term English Civil War (or Wars) refers to the series of armed conflicts and political machinations which took place between Parliamentarians and Royalists from 1642 until 1651.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/English-Civil-War (603 words)

	Catholic Bishops: War With Iraq Hard to Justify (washingtonpost.com)
		And the bishops acknowledged that "people of good will may differ" on which wars are moral.
		U.S. Roman Catholic bishops raised serious moral doubts yesterday about the nation going to war with Iraq.
		The president of the conference of U.S. bishops, Bishop Wilton Gregory of Belleville, Ill., delivered to Bush in September a letter that expressed reservations about a preemptive military strike.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn/A51041-2002Nov13?language=printer (603 words)

	St. Giles' Cathedral, Edinburgh - Psychology Central
		This led to the National Covenant and hence the Bishops' Wars; the first part of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, which included the English Civil War.
		On Sunday July 23, when Dean John Hanna began to read from the new Book of Prayer, Jenny Geddes, a market-woman or street-seller, threw her folding stool at his head starting riots.
		Its many monuments and memorials, as well as its sheer size and location, has made it a very popular tourist attraction, drawing special notice during the annual Edinburgh Festival, which centres on the Royal Mile.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/St_Giles_Cathedral (495 words)

	Military History :: British Civil Wars, Commonwealth and Protectorate
		King, Lords and Commons, landlords and merchants, the City and the countryside, bishops and presbyters, the Scottish army, the Welsh people, and the English fleet, all now turned against the New Model Army.
		The English Royalists had been crushed in the Second Civil War and several of their leaders executed.
		After the execution of King Charles I in January 1649, King Charles II and his advisors plotted to regain the throne.
	www.british-civil-wars.co.uk /military (227 words)

	The views of the Roman Catholic Church on other Christian denominations and other religions
		Archbishop Cormac Murphy-O'Connor of Westminster, UK is the chairperson of the department of mission and unity of the Catholic bishops' conference of England and Wales.
		The Protestant Revolution led to wars between Catholics and Protestants in western Europe.
		Cardinal Ratzinger said in a recent letter to bishops' conferences throughout the world that the Catholic Church is the 'mother' of all Christian churches, and told them to stop referring to the Orthodox, Anglican and Protestant churches as 'sister' churches."
	www.religioustolerance.org /rcc_othe.htm (2746 words)

	Talk:English Civil War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Thus "British Civil Wars" is geographically accurate, but in addition to treading on current sensibilities it has the misleading suggestion of a British state at the time and civil wars could be held to exclude the Bishops Wars, so the Wars of the Three Kingdoms is much preferred.
		This includes the Bishops' Wars and Covenanters in Scotland and the Irish Rebellion of 1641 and the subsequent conflicts in Confederate Ireland 1642-9 and Cromwells conquest of Ireland in 1649 as well as the 2 (or 3?) English civil wars.
		The evidence from British Isles and IONA is that the term "British Isles" was used as a geographical term for the isles including Ireland in the 17th century, but in the 20th century became politically unacceptable to Irish nationalists.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:English_Civil_War (2746 words)

	English Civil War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This policy broke down when he was involved in a series of disastrous, and expensive wars against his Scottish subjects, the Bishops' Wars of 1639 and 1640.
		The wars led to the trial and execution of Charles I, the exile of his son Charles II, and the replacement of the English monarchy with the Commonwealth of England (1649–1653) and then with a Protectorate (1653–1659) under the personal rule of Oliver Cromwell.
		The first (1642–1645) and the second (1648–1649) civil wars pitted the supporters of King Charles I against the supporters of the Long Parliament, while the third (1649–1651) was between supporters of Charles II and supporters of the Rump Parliament.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/English_Civil_War (5833 words)

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