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Topic: Bispectral index

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	Bispectral index - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bispectral index (BIS) monitors are modern neurophysiologic monitoring devices that continually analyse patients' electroencephalograms during general anaesthesia to assess the level of anaesthesia.
		Titrating anaesthetic agents to a specific bispectral index during general anaesthesia in adults and children over 2 years old allows anaesthetists to potentially use less anaesthetic agent resulting in faster recovery from anaesthesia.
		The bispectral index of an electroencephalogram is a weighted sum of electroencephalographic subparameters including a time domain, a frequency domain, and higher order spectral information (Bispectral Analysis).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bispectral_index (414 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Study objective The bispectral index monitor uses processed electroencephalogram signals to measure sedation depth on a unitless scale from 0 to 100 (0, coma; 40 to 60, general anesthesia; 60 to 90, sedated; 100, awake).
		We determine the ability of the bispectral index to monitor depth of nondissociative procedural sedation and analgesia in children.
		Bispectral index scores between 60 and 90 predicted with moderate accuracy traditional clinical levels of sedation typically encountered during procedural sedation and analgesia in the pediatric ED.
	www.ncemi.org /avantgo/abstracts/14747816.htm (457 words)

	Does bispectral index monitoring optimize
		In general, the Bispectral Index Scale (BIS) reflects the awake state at values exceeding 95, a state of sedation at BIS values of 65-85, an arousal state depression suited for general anesthesia at BIS values of 40-65 and burst suppression patterns become evident at BIS levels below 40.
		Bispectral index monitoring is useful for the intraoperative tracking of the level of unconsciousness especially during high hypnotic-low opioid anesthesia.
		M.Renna and R.Venturi, Bispectral index and anaesthesia in the elderly, Minerva Anestesiol.
	www.eurosiva.org /Archive/Nice/SpeakerAbstracts/Vuyk.htm (1810 words)

	Vol 16, #3 - Shenting And Yintang: Quantification Of Cerebral Effects Of Acupressure, Manual Acupuncture, And ...
		The bispectral index (BIS) is an important numerical descriptor of the EEG and is mainly used for assessing depth of anesthesia.
		Electroencephalographic bispectral index correlates with intraoperative recall and depth of propofol-induced sedation.
		Electroencephalogram bispectral index predicts hemodynamic and arousal reactions during induction of anesthesia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
	www.medicalacupuncture.org /aama_marf/journal/vol16_3/article4.html (3380 words)

	Effects of normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass on bispectral index. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Effects of normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass on bispectral index.Bispectral index was measured with a referential montage before, 30 s, 1, and 3 min after cardiopulmonary bypass onset, before and after aortic cross-clamping, 30 min after cardiopulmonary bypass onset, before and after aorta cross-clamp release and before and after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass.
		This study investigated the changes in the hypnotic component of anaesthesia, estimated by the bispectral index of the electroencephalogram, during normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass.
		Bispectral index values were 48 +/- 8 before cardiopulmonary bypass onset, 50 +/- 10 before, and 48 +/- 8 after end of cardiopulmonary bypass (P = NS).
	www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gp/8476961.html (204 words)

	(WO/2001/083007) SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ADAPTIVE DRUG DELIVERY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		As such, in one embodiment of the invention, a bispectral analysis of the patient's EEG signal is used as a method for monitoring the hypnotic effect of an anesthetic drug on the patient.
		The Bispectral Index is used as a controlled variable while, in one embodiment, the suppression ratio and artifact information are used as safety parameters.
		An example implementation utilizes the Bispectral Index and the mean arterial pressure to control the target effect-site concentration with a TCI algorithm according to one embodiment of the invention.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=01/83007.011108&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (10746 words)

	Acupressure Decreases Stress, Increases Sedation - Massage Magazine
		The bispectral index uses electroencephalography (EEG), the recording and analysis of electrical activity in the brain, to measure the depth of hypnosis and sedation in subjects.
		Bispectral index values were significantly reduced at 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 minutes into acupressure on the extra 1 point, indicating an increase in sedation.
		Pressure on the control point also decreased bispectral index values, but the values were significantly higher than those obtained during pressure on the extra 1 point.
	www.massagemag.com /Magazine/2003/issue106/research106.2.php (421 words)

	August 2005 - Bispectral Index Monitoring & Procedural Sedation
		The utility of the bispectral index in procedural sedation with propofol in the emergency department.
		A study of the Bispectral Index Monitor during procedural sedation and analgesia in the emergency department.
		Bispectral index monitoring allows faster emergence and improved recovery from propofol, alfentanil, and nitrous oxide anesthesia.
	emed.wustl.edu /emed/emed.nsf/RR3600/EA4497B753B1DB1E862570970071CA72 (332 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Intraoperative Bispectral Index, haemodynamic parameters, end-tidal isoflurane concentration and inspired nitrous oxide fraction were measured and the postoperative incidence of explicit awareness was assessed.
		All anaesthetists were blinded to the Bispectral Index value throughout the operation.
		The depth of anaesthesia at various stages of the operation was evaluated by recording the Bispectral Index.
	www.aaic.net.au /TOC.asp?View=2&A=501 (246 words)

	Dept.of Cardiovascular Surg. - Abstracts 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Bispectral index-guided sedation with dexmedetomidine in intensive care: A prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled phase II study
		Sedation was guided by using the electroencephalographic parameter bispectral index, a new noninvasive method to estimate the level of sedation.
		We aimed at maintaining bispectral index ranges between 60 and 70 during mechanical ventilation before starting weaning, 65 and 95 during weaning, and 85 to 95 postextubation.
	www.charite.de /ch/hzchir/publ/publ02/abs0212.html (288 words)

	The bispectral index does not correlate with clinical signs of inhalational anesthesia during sevoflurane induction and ...
		The bispectral index does not correlate with clinical signs of inhalational anesthesia during sevoflurane induction and arousal in children: [L'index bispectral ne correspond pas aux signes cliniques de l'anesthesie par inhalation pendant l'induction au sevoflurane et le reveil chez les enfants] -- Rodriguez et al.
		Pediatric evaluation of the bispectral index (BIS) monitor and correlation of BIS with end-tidal sevoflurane concentration in infants and children.
		The effect of bispectral index monitoring on anesthetic use and recovery in children anesthetized with sevoflurane in nitrous oxide.
	www.cja-jca.org /cgi/content/full/51/5/472 (3899 words)

	Bispectral index controlled anaesthesia for ECT
		Bispectral index (BIS), a monitor of consciousness, may be useful to assure adequate hypnosis with optimized MD.
		The bispectral index (BIS) is an electroencephalogram derived multivariant scale that reflects the level of hypnosis in anesthetized patients (Rosow and Manberg 2001).
		Demographic data and the Hamilton depression index are shown in table 1, the Hamilton depression index showed a value of major depression before treatment in all patients (26 ± 4 [32/24]).
	www.priory.com /anaes/ect.htm (2932 words)

	Bispectral index: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A general anaesthetic drug is an anaesthetic (or anesthetic ae) drug that brings about a reversible loss of consciousness....
		Electroencephalography is the neurophysiologic measurement of the electrical activity of the brain by recording from electrodes placed to the scalp, or in the special...
		There is little correlation between bispectral index values and other measures of anaesthesia depth in infants, EHandler: no quick summary.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/b/bi/bispectral_index.htm (743 words)

	Bispectral Index Profile During General Anaesthesia Using Nitrous Oxide For Lower Segment Caesarean Delivery
		Nitrous oxide does not alter bispectral index: study with nitrous oxide as sole agent and as an adjunct to i.v.
		Bispectral analysis of the electroencephalogram predicts conscious processing of information during propofol sedation and hypnosis.
		Bispectral index in relation to direct and indirect memory function during caesarean section.
	www.ispub.com /ostia/index.php?xmlFilePath=journals/ija/vol10n1/bis.xml (1558 words)

	The A-line ARX index may be a more sensitive detector of arousal than the bispectral index during ...
		Bispectral analysis measures sedation and memory effects of propofol, midazolam, isoflurane, and alfentanil in healthy volunteers.
		Bispectral analysis of the electroencephalogram during induction of anesthesia may predict hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and intubation.
		Effect of nitrous oxide on the bispectral index and the 95% spectral edge frequency of the electroencephalogram during surgery.
	www.cja-jca.org /cgi/content/full/51/6/539 (2460 words)

	Anaesthesia UK : Bispectral index (BIS)
		Bispectral analysis combines traditional power spectral analysis with interrogation of these phase relationships.
		BIS demonstrates a dose-response relationship with inhalational and hypnotic intravenous agents, such as propofol and midazolam, which is independent of the agent(s) being used and correlates with clinical assessments of the level of consciousness.
		Bispectral analysis is the first processed EEG technique to be correlated well with behavioural assessments of level of consciousness.
	www.frca.co.uk /article.aspx?articleid=100502 (1085 words)

	Conscious Sedation of Children With Propofol Is Anything but Conscious -- Reeves et al. 114 (1): e74 -- Pediatrics
		Olofsen E, Dahan A. The dynamic relationship between end-tidal sevoflurane and isoflurane concentrations and bispectral index and spectral edge frequency of the electroencephalogram.
		Bispectral index monitoring during sedation with sevoflurane, midazolam and propofol.
		Gill M, Green SM, Krauss B. A study of the bispectral index monitor during procedural sedation and analgesia in the emergency department.
	pediatrics.aappublications.org /cgi/content/full/114/1/e74 (1665 words)

	Clinical Trial: Bispectral Index as an Analgesia Monitoring in Severely Ill Patient: Effect of Remifentanyl
		The aim of this protocol is to study the prophylactic effect of remifentanil on bispectral index variation during a nociceptive stimuli.
		Bispectral index could be helpful in detecting this pain in ICU patients.
		The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of remifentanil infusion on bispectral index (BIS) variations during bronchoalveolar lavage.
	www.clinicaltrials.gov /ct/show/NCT00162591 (284 words)

	Encyclopedia of Surgery: A Guide for Patients and Caregivers - A-Ce
		The bispectral index (BIS) is one of several systems used in anesthesiology as of 2003 to measure the effects of specific anesthetic drugs on the brain and to track changes in the patient's level of sedation or hypnosis.
		In technical terms, the bispectral index itself is a complex mathematical algorithm that allows a computer inside an anesthesia monitor to analyze data from a patient's electroencephalogram (EEG) during surgery.
		Bladder augmentation, also known as augmentation cystoplasty, is reconstructive surgery to increase the reservoir capacity of the bladder.
	www.surgeryencyclopedia.com /A-Ce (2698 words)

	Entrez PubMed
		The bispectral index is derived from a cortical electroencephalogram, but the A-line ARX index is the electroencephalographic response to auditory stimuli.
		The purpose of this study was to compare the changes of the A-line ARX index and the bispectral index during sevoflurane - nitrous oxide anesthesia.
		The A-line ARX index decreased at 2% sevoflurane compared with 0.5%, while the bispectral index remained unchanged.
	www.mednemo.it /abstracts/anestesia/2004/agosto/medline/250804ane.htm (3295 words)

	Neuromuscular Blocking Agents May Affect Bispectral and Auditory Evoked Potential Indexes: Presented at ASA
		The AEP index is a mathematical derivative of the morphology of
		In the study, 20 patients were given sevoflurane for 30 minutes to a BIS of 50 (baseline) and were randomized to receive a rocuronium infusion maintained for 10 minutes at a first twitch height of either of 5% or 50% compared to baseline.
		The researchers found that before TET, the BIS, AEP index and EMG at the different levels of neuromuscular block were similar to baseline, whereas a slight reduction in EMG was evident at both levels.
	www.docguide.com /dg.nsf/PrintPrint/194B76E99771C7C4852570AB000B1B16 (577 words)

	Using Bispectral Index Monitoring to Detect Potential Breakthrough Awareness and Limit Duration of Neuromuscular ...
		At the time of admission, the bispectral index was 70 to 80.
		Arbour R. Using the bispectral index to assess arousal response in a patient with neuromuscular blockade.
		Bispectral analysis during cardiopulmonary bypass: the effect of hypothermia on the hypnotic state.
	ajcc.aacnjournals.org /cgi/content/full/13/1/66 (3317 words)

	Remifentanil does not affect the bispectral index nor the relationship between propofol and the bispectral index at ...
		Remifentanil does not affect the bispectral index nor the relationship between propofol and the bispectral index at induction
		Gutta BV Remifentanil does not affect the bispectral index nor the relationship between propofol and the bispectral index at induction of anaesthesia
		This study aimed to investigate the effect of remifentanil (REM) on the bispectral index (BIS) and on the relationship between the PPF effect-site concentration (Ce) and the BIS at induction of anaesthesia.
	www.eurosiva.org /Archive/Amsterdam/posters/Finianos2.htm (334 words)

	ASA Abstracts - Abstract List
		Bispectral Index of the Electroencephalogram Predicts Loss of Consciousness during Propofol and Propofol/N 2 O Sedation
		Bispectral Index and Narcotrend (a new EEG monitor classifying the EEG signal into stages from awake to deep anesthesia) were unaffected.
		The bispectral index reliably predicts depth of sedation in these patients, and is superior to other EEG parameters such as spectral edge frequency, median frequency, and relative and absolute frequencies.
	www.asa-abstracts.com /strands/asaabstracts/abstractList.htm;jsessionid=2BCD2EE07254F57DB1662B98D15F71CF?year=2001&index=4 (4631 words)

	Society of Neurosurgical Anesthesia and Critical Care
		Sleigh JW, Donovan J: Comparison of bispectral index, 95% spectral edge frequency and approximate entropy of the EEG, with changes in heart rate variability during induction of general anaesthesia.
		Bannister CF, Brosius KK, Sigl JC, Meyer BJ, Sebel PS: The effect of bispectral index monitoring on anesthetic use and recovery in children anesthetized with sevoflurane in nitrous oxide.
		Hirota K, Kubota T, Ishihara H, Masuki A: The effects of nitrous oxide and ketamine on the bispectral index and 95% spectral edge frequency during propofol-fentanyl anaesthesia.
	www.snacc.org /ed/bib/EEG.html (1636 words)

	(S-224) EEG-BISPECTRAL INDEX MONITORING OF MIDAZOLAM-KETAMINE ANESTHESIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		INTRODUCTION: EEG-bispectral Index (BIS) is a processed EEG monitor that has been validated as a measure of the hypnotic effect of anesthetic drugs.
		However upon the administration of inhalation anesthetics the BIS index decreased gradually to below 60 in about 6 min and remained below that value throughout surgery.
		CONCLUSION: It is generally accepted that BIS index below 60 indicates adequate hypnosis, which has been shown to be true with all the intravenous and inhalation anesthetics.
	www.iars.org /abstracts/abstracts/S190/S224.htm (357 words)

	Decreased bispectral index as an indicator of syncope before hypotension and bradycardia in two patients with needle ...
		Decreased bispectral index as an indicator of syncope before hypotension and bradycardia in two patients with needle phobia -- Win et al.
		Decreased bispectral index as an indicator of syncope before hypotension and bradycardia in two patients with needle phobia
		Bispectral analysis of electroencephalogram signals during waking and sleeping.
	bja.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/91/5/749 (1295 words)

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