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Topic: Bitter vetch

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	Vetch - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		VETCH, in botany, the English name for Vicia sativa, also known as tare, a leguminous annual herb with trailing or climbing stems, compound leaves with five or six pairs of leaflets, reddish-purple flowers borne singly or in pairs in the leaf-axis, and a silky pod containing four to ten smooth seeds.
		There are two races of the cultivated vetch, winter and spring vetches: the former, a hardy form, capable of enduring frost, has smoother, more cylindrical pods with smaller seeds than the summer variety, and gives less bulk of stem and leaves.
		As spring-sown vetches are in perfection at the season when pastures usually get dry and scanty, a common practice is to cart them on to grass land and spread them out in wisps, to be eaten by the sheep or cattle.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Vetch (1275 words)

	Ch26
		Bitter vetch (V. ervilia) is grown in Asiatic Turkey, central and northern Spain and other countries of the Mediterranean region and western United States; the seed is exported to the United Kingdom and other countries for feed, especially for sheep.
		Bitter vetch (V. ervilia) must not exceed 25 percent of the ration in sheep and cattle feed.
		The centre of diversity of the bitter vetches is situated in the western Mediterranean and in the Near East.
	www.fao.org /docrep/t0646e/T0646E0q.htm (3228 words)

	Definition of Bitter from dictionary.net
		Bitter end, that part of a cable which is abaft the bitts, and so within board, when the ship rides at anchor.
		Bitter cress (Bot.), a plant of the genus Cardamine, esp. C.
		Bitter vetch (Bot.), a name given to two European leguminous herbs, Vicia Orobus and Ervum Ervilia.
	www.dictionary.net /bitter (211 words)

	Hegi Gams, Illustrierte Flora Mitteleuropas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		An ointment of bitter vetch flour and honey was used to cleanse the skin, and a plaster of bitter vetch, Marsch mallow (Althea officinalis) and flax seeds (Linum usitatisssimum) was used to soften swellings and hardened glands.
		Vetch flour was used up to the 16th century, similar to pea flour, for plasters, as a emolliens, cosmeticum, purgativum etc. As an animal fodder var.
		Vetches for green fodder are normally cultivated in mixture with oats or summer barley and peas or V.
	www.general.uwa.edu.au /u/enneking/HEGI.htm (4203 words)

	Lentil - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		LENTIL, the seed of Lens esculenta (also known as Ervum Lens), a small annual of the vetch tribe.
		They were also believed to be the cause of severe scrofulous, disorders common in Egypt.
		The poisonous principle seems to reside chiefly in the bitter seed coat, and can apparently be removed by steeping in water, since Gerard, speaking of the "bitter vetch" (E.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Lentil (1118 words)

	med (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Bitter Vetch, is a member of ‘The Pea Family’, the Leguminosae, which is now separated into Ceasalpiniaceae, Fabacease, Minosacae and Papilionaceae, and is made up of some 17,000 species, including our beloved Sweet Pea flowers (Lathyrus odorata).
		The vetches and vetchlings are native to temperate areas in both hemispheres and their range even extends into mountainous parts of Africa.
		As a gardener’s weed bitter vetch can be a cause of frustration to the point of exasperation to eradicate, so it is not likely to be in short supply for the purposes of producing a modern version of the 800 year-old Soutra Aisle’s potion.
	www.herbsphere.com /med.htm (2870 words)

	VETCH - Online Information article about VETCH (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Another British plant, Hippocrepis, is known as horseshoe vetch from the fact of its pod breaking into several horseshoe-shaped See also:
		system of soiling by means of vetches alone.
		Italian ryegrass or clover as the second cutting is ready, and afterwards bringing the spring vetches into use.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /VAN_VIR/VETCH.html (612 words)

	Green Manures - Woolypod Vetch (Vicia villosa ssp. dasycarpa)
		Lana vetch has a climbing tendency that can become a problem in vineyards (grapevines and sprinklers) and young orchards.
		Lana vetch is aggressive and competes initially with the cash crop for moisture.
		Lana vetch can be a host of Sclerotinia minor which causes lettuce drop (fungal disease of lettuce, basil and cauliflower).
	www.ctahr.hawaii.edu /sustainag/GreenManures/woolypodvetch.asp (328 words)

	Chemical composition, in situ degradability and amino acid composition of protein supplements fed to livestock and ...
		Within legume seeds, Cyprus vetch had the highest (35.7%) content in CP followed by common vetch (31.5%); the CP content of chickpeas, field beans, narbon vetch and peas were relatively close (24-27%).
		The percentage of amino-acids to total-CP was similar in narbon vetch (98.7%), peas (95.0%) and soybean meal (96.0%); the corresponding values for common vetch, chickpeas, cyprus vetch and field beans were 71, 87, 83 and 82%, respectively.
		Overall, the CP content of Cyprus vetch, chickpeas, field beans and common vetch was higher in the present study (Table 1) compared to those reported by Hadjipanayiotou et al (1985) (31.3, 20.2, 26.0 and 29.0% DM basis).
	www.cipav.org.co /lrrd/lrrd13/6/hadj136.htm (1650 words)

	Vicia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Certain species of vetch are suitable for consumption by ruminant animals, but not for single-stomach animals including humans, due to a toxin.
		However, split vetch seed (Vicia sativa) resembles split red lentils (Lens culinaris), and cases have been reported of vetch being deliberately mislabelled (by exporters or importers) and sold for human consumption to countries such as Bangladesh, Pakistan and Egypt, which are traditional consumers of lentils.
		Vetch Scandal Health Report, Australian Broadcasting Corporation 19 April 1999.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vetch (328 words)

	ADAS
		Ba@qala@, horse bean, lima bean, or broad lima bean (Vicia faba), a native of Iran and universally cultivated.
		It grows wild in the north and west of Iran and is cultivated for hay, silage, green feed, pasture, and seed.
		¿Adas-e korkda@r, hairy or winter vetch (Vicia villosa), a native of Iran, found in the north, northwest, west, east, and central parts of the country and utilized mainly for seed and green manure.
	www.iranica.com /newsite/articles/v1f4/v1f4a131.html (536 words)

	Bitter Vetch - LoveToKnow Garden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Bitter Vetch (Orobus) - Often pretty plants of the Pea order, flowering usually in spring.
		Spring Bitter Vetch (Orobus Vernus) - One of the most charming of border flowers.
		From fl roots spring healthy tufts of leaves with two or three pairs of shining leaflets; the flower-buds appearing soon afterwards, almost covering the plant with beautiful purple and blue blooms in April.
	garden.lovetoknow.com /wiki/Bitter_Vetch (178 words)

	Development of Vicia ervilia as a grain crop for Southern Australia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Vicia ervilia is a an ancient grain legume crop of the Mediterranean region (common names are: bitter vetch (English), kersannah (Arabic), yero (Spanish), rovi (Greek), burcak (Turkish)).
		A more effective Rhizobium strain has just been identified to improve bitter vetch nodulation in Australia and is to be trialled next year.
		One week earlier than Languedoc vetch have been selected and are being tested at other sites this year.
	www.general.uwa.edu.au /u/enneking/erv_97.htm (454 words)

	Medieval appetite suppressant could be new slimming aid - Ummah.com
		After months of research and excavation experts have identified the remains of plant tubers belonging to lathyrus linifolius, the bitter vetch plant, in the drains of a 12th century monastery at Soutra Aisle, south of Edinburgh.
		The monks of Soutra Aisle, just south of Edinburgh, used the bitter vetch plant as a means of suppressing hunger.
		Archaeologists at the 12th Century monastery at Soutra Aisle have discovered that the Augustinian monks chewed the bitter vetch plant to stave off hunger.
	ummah.com /forum/showthread.php?t=64479 (1754 words)

	Grain legumes for animal feed
		Columela, in De re rustica (first century), mentions Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek), Vicia ervilia (bitter vetch) and Lathyrus cicera (vetchling or flat pod pea), referring to their use, soil requirements, tillage and sowing dates.
		The centre of diversity of fenugreek is situated in the western Mediterranean and the Near East.
		In Spain, the major pests are aphids (not specified) in fenugreek and one-leaved vetch; Bruchus spp.
	www.hort.purdue.edu /newcrop/1492/legume_animal.html (4351 words)

	PlantFiles: Detailed information on Bitter Vetch Lathyrus linifolius
		It was suggested to my neighbor for a ground cover that was not suitable for planting since it was a sharp incline to the flat area where first her lawn and garden started with a row of shrub roses.
		The vetch grew at at such a speed that it invaded the lawn,roses and garden.
		About three years ago, she gave me one of the shrub roses for my new garden and was very carefull to pull the vetch, but every time, perhaps once every other week I find one or two of that miserable weed among the roses.
	davesgarden.com /pf/go/602 (466 words)

	BitterVetchling
		Bitter Vetchling is a hairless perennial plant with a winged stem and is up to 30 cm high.
		The leaves are pointed (some vetches end in a tendril instead) and have 2 - 4 pairs of leaflets.
		The lovely pea-like flowers are crimson fading to blue.
	the-tree.org.uk /EnchantedForest/WoodlandFlowers/bittervetchling.htm (119 words)

	The CANEW Project
		The archaeobotanists who analysed the material have concluded that bitter vetch was cultivated, alongside lentil and pea (Van Zeist and De Roller 1995).
		Bitter vetch and lentil are again the most common pulses, with pea and chickpea less so.
		The range of crops utilised at Asikli and Çatalhöyük are typical of those used in the Neolithic across Central Anatolia and the presence of emmer, einkorn, bitter vetch, chickpea and lentil presents obvious links to Southeast Anatolia and the Levant.
	www.canew.org /lecasoutimartinbox.html (9834 words)

	Chapter Bitake <i>to</i> Bivouac of B by Webster's Dictionary (1913 Edition)
		a class of substances, extracted from vegetable products, having strong bitter taste but with no sharply defined chemical characteristics.
		A bitter compound used in adulterating beer; bittern.
		A wading bird of the genus Botaurus, allied to the herons, of various species.
	www.bibliomania.com /2/3/257/1193/22069/3.html (266 words)

	International Journal of Poultry Science Volume 3 Number 8, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		This study was conducted to determine canavanine content and examine the efficacy of soaking in water, acetic acid or heat treatments on the detoxification of bitter vetch for broiler chickens.
		C (GAAS) bitter vetch in three levels (15, 30, 45%).
		Raw bitter vetch was contained 0.073 percent canavanine.
	www.pjbs.org /ijps/ab237.htm (273 words)

	Archaeologists discover herbal diet pill - Slashfood
		According to this report in the Scotsman newspaper, archaeologists have discovered that Augustinian monks used a bitter vetch plant to halt hunger pangs.
		It is mentioned that the court of Charles II used the tubers in the 1680's but eating the plant fell out of fashion as the potato became more widespread.
		And while this doesn't actually sound that appetizing - 'bitter' and 'vetch' in the same sentence - a Scottish company specialising in natural ingredients is looking into the plant's ancient uses and is investigating the potential for modern use.
	www.slashfood.com /2005/09/06/archaeologists-discover-herbal-diet-pill (502 words)

	Objectives
		Large map shows the distribution of wild chickpea (red line) in a core area (green line) within the upper reaches of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers (present-day southeastern Turkey/northern Syria).
		Blue lines delineate the range of genetic founder stocks for lentil and pea, and red lines the range of emmer wheat, barley, and bitter vetch (no data are available on their genetic founder stocks).
		Red lines also indicate the distribution of einkorn wheat, lentil, and pea beyond that of their genetic founder stocks.
	www.sp.uconn.edu /~langlois/E201L3_files/slide0020.htm (158 words)

	HANGOVER CURES
		Bird's Foot Trefoil, or Bacon and Eggs, is a small brightly-coloured perennial.
		Like Bitter Vetch it belongs to the pea family.
		The flowers are a strong yellow with red streaks and tips.
	www.irelandseye.com /tradition/misc/flower.html (296 words)

	Newsletter: Summer 2005
		Around 10,000 BC there is evidence of plant domestication, but Garofalo says that “the first society in which people were primarily dependent on domesticated crops and livestock does not appear until about 6,000 years ago.” According to The New Oxford Book of Food Plants, certain cereals and legumes were domesticated in ancient times.
		In about 8,000 BC in the Fertile Crescent of the Near and Middle East (present-day Syria, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Jordan, Israel), wheat, barley, lentil, pea, bitter vetch, chick-pea, and possibly faba bean, were brought into cultivation by the Neolithic people.
		The oldest tools in the world are those that have been used for the cultivation of the land.
	www.t-n.com /Newsletter/Summer05/Summer05gardening.htm (888 words)

	Vegetarians in Paradise/Flaxseeds History/Flaxseeds Nutrition/Flaxseeds Folklore/Flaxseeds Recipe
		These plants included flax, emmer wheat, barley, einkorn wheat, peas, lentils, chickpeas, and bitter vetch.
		In establishing an acquaintance with flaxseeds, one cannot ignore its strong connection to the linen fibers derived from the plant.
		In its damaged state, flax oil becomes tainted with toxic molecules called lipid peroxides that are harmful to the body.
	www.vegparadise.com /highestperch53.html (3562 words)

	M.M.P.N.D. - Sorting Vicia names
		ENGLISH : Tiny vetch, Tare vetch, Hairy tare.
		ENGLISH : Sparrow vetch, Smooth vetch, Four-seed vetch, Smooth tare, Slender vetch, Lentil tare.
		ENGLISH : Slender vetch, Slender tare, Multi-seeded slender vetch, Many-seeded slender tare.
	www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au /Sorting/Vicia.html (1356 words)

	Tell Qarqur 2001 Preliminary Report: Early Bronze Age levels
		The third phase was better preserved than the later phases, figure 23, and provided a benchmark that allowed us to separate it from the rebuildings and changes in plan that were preserved in the shallow remains above.
		One room of this third construction phase was completely filled with broken vessels and an estimated 10 liters of bitter vetch seeds.
		The highest preserved Early Bronze Age architectural remains were preserved in the northeast corner of A22.
	www.asor.org /tqsection4.html (1275 words)

	Guns Germs and Steel Chapter 7 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		the seeds of fruit are often bitter and are dispersed (and fertilized) by passing through the animal.
		Domestication of plants by humans also may have started in such latrines.
		Agriculture launched by domestication of 8 crops (founder crops): emmer wheat, einkorn wheat, barley, lentil, pea, chickpea, bitter vetch, flax.
	www.public.iastate.edu /~cfford/342GGSCh7.htm (913 words)

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