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	Black Hawk War
		The Black Hawk War, named for the leader of a band of Sauk and Fox Indians[?], was the result of government annexation of lands in Illinois.
		Black Hawk did not sanction the sale of this land and was determined to regain the village; after a year of tension, he returned again in 1831, and Governor John Reynolds[?] proclaimed it an "invasion of the state".
		Black Hawk escaped with ten warriors and 35 women and children to Wisconsin, but on August 27 they were captured and delivered to Prairie du Chien[?].
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/bl/Black_Hawk_War.html (941 words)

	Black Hawk - LoveToKnow 1911
		BLACK HAWK [Ma`katawimesheka`ka, "Black Sparrow Hawk"], (1767-1838, American Indian warrior of the Sauk and Fox tribes, was born at the Sauk village on Rock river, near the Mississippi, in 1767.
		British influences were still strong in the upper Mississippi valley and undoubtedly led Black Hawk and the chiefs of the Sauk and Fox confederacy to repudiate this agreement of 1804, and subsequently to enter into the conspiracy of Tecumseh and take part with the British in the war of 1812.
		That of 1816 was signed by Black Hawk himself, who declared, however, when in 1823 Chief Keokuk and a majority of the two nations crossed the river, that the consent of the chiefs had been obtained by fraud.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Black_Hawk (609 words)

	Biography of Black Hawk
		Black Hawk and other Sauk chiefs argued that the treaty was not valid because most of the Sauk Nation was not told of the treaty, and those who signed did not represent them.
		Black Hawk lead a war party to destroy the fort and massacre the troops but withdrew when confronted with loaded cannons.
		Black Hawk who had remained friendly to the English decided to fight on their side.
	www.madison.k12.wi.us /blackhawk/bio.htm (1135 words)

	The Black Hawk War
		Black Hawk said, as he was not on the war path, but going on a friendly visit to the Prophet's village, he intended to go forward, and continued on his journey.
		In reply, Black Hawk said the General had no right to make the order so long as his band was peaceable, and that he intended to go on to the Prophet's village.
		During this council Black Hawk became convinced that he had been badly imposed upon by the Prophet, and resolved at once to send a flag of truce to Gen. Atkinson and ask permission to descend Rock river, re-cross the Mississippi and go back to their country.
	www.accessgenealogy.com /native/black_hawk_war/black_hawk_war.htm (664 words)

	Black Hawk Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Black Hawk and his band, consisting of some 400 warriors and approximately 1000 women, children and old men, reoccupied the village and refused to leave when so ordered by Governor John Reynolds of Illinois Territory, Black Hawk claiming (correctly) that he and his followers were not signatories to the Corn Treaty.
		Black Hawk and his band (often referred to as "the British band" in contemporary literature) withdrew from Saukenuk and conducted a fighting rearguard action to protect the women and children as they retreated north up the Rock River in Illinois and across Wisconsin [10].
		Black Hawk and his warriors were at the other end of the pincer and were overwhelmed and captured in the confusion.
	www.jp29.org /blackhawk.htm (1512 words)

	The 'Black Hawk' entry from Hodge's handbook of American Indians
		Black Hawk now let loose his followers against the frontier settlements, many of which were burned and their occupants slain, but although able to cut off small band of Indians the militia and regulars were for some time able to do little in retaliation.
		Black Hawk and his principal warrior, Neapope, escaped, however, to the norward, wither they were followed and captured by some Winnebago.
		Black Hawk was then sent E. and confined for more than a month at Fortress Monroe, Va., when he was taken on tour through the principal E. cities, everywhere proving an object of the greatest interest.
	www.prairienet.org /prairienations/blackhwk.htm (1273 words)

	Black Hawk (chief) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Black Hawk was born in the village of Saukenuk on the Rock River, near present-day Rock Island, Illinois.
		Black Hawk was present at the battle of Fort Meigs, and the attack on Fort Stephenson.
		Black Hawk became quite popular as a result of his tour and crowds came to see him, although in Western cities, less influenced by the myth of the noble savage and more by the myth of the savage Indian, the crowds were less friendly.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Black_Hawk_(chief) (726 words)

	Did William Clark Cause the Black Hawk War
		Clark wrote that Black Hawk's band "have afforded sufficient evidence not only of their entire disregard of treaties, but also of their deep-rooted hostility in shedding the blood of our women and children, a War of extermination should be waged against them." [italics are Clark's].
		Black Hawk's own advisors lied to him regarding the British and other tribes that would come to there rescue if they were attacked.
		Black Hawk never would have attempted to return to Illinois had these safeguards not have been guaranteed from the people he trusted ("White Cloud", the "Prophet" and Neopope).
	www.usgennet.org /usa/mo/county/stlouis/native/clark-blackhawkwar.htm (1375 words)

	Black Hawk War. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		A Native American leader, Black Hawk (1767–1838), who was born in the Sac village near the site of present Rock Island, Ill., and who had fought for the British in the War of 1812, denounced the treaty and resisted removal.
		The last battle of the war took place on the Bad Axe River, where Black Hawk was attacked by these troops and a Sioux war party.
		Black Hawk himself escaped, surrendered to the Winnebago, was turned over for imprisonment, and was released in 1833 to return to the pitiful remnant of his tribe and his family in Iowa.
	www.bartleby.com /65/bl/BlackHaw.html (347 words)

	Black Hawk War
		The famous Sauk leader, Black Hawk, and his thousand followers had been expelled from Illinois in 1831, but returned from Iowa carrying seeds for planting.
		Thereafter, Black Hawk and Indian supporters joined in warfare that provoked the mobilization of about seven thousand American soldiers, bringing the first regular army troops—and the first cholera epidemic—into the Upper Great Lakes.
		Black Hawk with his son and the Winnebago Prophet, surrendered at Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, and were imprisoned until the summer of 1833.
	www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org /pages/141.html (194 words)

	Black Hawk War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The war was named for Black Hawk, the leader of a band of Sauk and Fox Indians, who fought against the United States Army and militia from Illinois and the Michigan Territory (present-day Wisconsin) for possession of lands in the area.
		Black Hawk did not sanction the sale of this land and was determined to regain the village; after a year of tension, he returned again in 1831, and Illinois Governor John Reynolds proclaimed it an "invasion of the state".
		Black Hawk waved a white flag of surrender but with some of his warriors readying their weapons in the woodline, the steamboat captain feared a ruse and opened fire with the boat's single cannon.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Black_Hawk_War (1961 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Black Hawk War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Black Hawk War BLACK HAWK WAR [Black Hawk War] conflict between the Sac and Fox and the United States in 1832.
		Indian wars INDIAN WARS [Indian wars] in American history, general term referring to the series of conflicts between Europeans and their descendants and the indigenous peoples of North America.
		He was a friend and adviser of Black Hawk and by prophesying victory was chiefly responsible for the continuance of the Black Hawk War.
	www.encyclopedia.com /articles/01536.html (721 words)

	History of The Balck Hawk War, Utah (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Black Hawk Indian War was the longest and most destructive conflict between pioneer immigrants and Native Americans in Utah History.
		Naturally, scores of hungry warriors and their families flocked to eat "Mormon beef" and to support Black Hawk, who was suddenly hailed as a war chief.
		The young Ute by no means had the support of all of the Indians of Utah, but he succeeded in uniting factions of the Ute, Paiute, and Navajo tribes into a very loose confederacy bent on plundering Mormons throughout the territory.
	www.onlineutah.com /blackhawkhistory.shtml (609 words)

	Black Hawk War - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		BLACK HAWK WAR [Black Hawk War] conflict between the Sac and Fox and the United States in 1832.
		A Native American leader, Black Hawk (1767-1838), who was born in the Sac village near the site of present Rock Island, Ill., and who had fought for the British in the War of 1812, denounced the treaty and resisted removal.
		The new war movies as moral rearmament: Black Hawk Down & We Were Soldiers.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-blackhaw.html (508 words)

	The Black Hawk War
		Black Hawk, now a man of some fifty-four years, a somewhat remarkable organizer and military tactician, and for one of his race broadminded and humane, was nevertheless too easily led by the advice of others.
		A third time the Hawk sought to surrender, but his white signal was fired at, under pretense that it was a savage ruse, and round after round of canister swept the wretched camp.
		As for the indiscreet but honest Black Hawk, in many ways one of the most interesting of North American Indians, he was promptly surrendered (August 27) by the Winnebago to the Indian agency at Prairie du Chien.
	www.multied.com /documents/Blackhawk.html (3460 words)

	www.riverroads.com - Your online guide to the Great River Road and Mississippi River. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Black Hawk fought on the side of the British in the War of 1812.
		Black Hawk himself, captured and imprisoned, was paraded around the U.S. in chains; after he died his skeleton was displayed in the governor's mansion in Iowa, like a trophy.
		Black Hawk died on October 3, 1838, of a respiratory illness.
	www.riverroads.com /grr/blackhawk.html (823 words)

	The Blackhawk War
		The Black Hawk War was one of numerous confrontations between pioneer settlers and the Native Americans.
		Black Hawk War A more comprehensive description of the 1831 war between the settlers of Illinois and the followers of Black Hawk.
		Coles County Soldiers Serving in the Black Hawk War of 1832 Muster roll of Coles County, Illinois soldiers in the Second Brigade Illinois Mounted Volunteers.
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~coppe/blackhawk.html (1913 words)

	IA DNR: State Parks
		Black Hawk Lake lies off the southeast tip of the town of Lake View in Sac County, Iowa.
		Black Hawk Lake was formed many thousands of years ago by glacial action.
		In August of 1832, Chief Black Hawk was defeated at the Bad Ax River in Wisconsin.
	www.iowadnr.com /parks/state_park_list/black_hawk.html (537 words)

	Utah’s Black Hawk War
		From 1865 to 1867, the warrior Black Hawk, also known as Antonga, led a combined force of Utes, Navajos, and Paiutes in a series of intense stock raids on the Mormon settlements in Utah territory.
		Black hawk astutely judged that political conflict between the federal government and Mormon Utah would keep U.S. soldiers from chastising his band.
		Yet Black Hawk and others were able to carry on their activities for almost eight years without incurring the federal military reprisals that Indians on all four sides of the Mormon heartland experienced.
	www.uofupress.com /store/product241.html (624 words)

	The Black Hawk War Lesson Plans from the Wisconsin Historical Society
		The Sauk leader Black Sparrow Hawk was born in Saukenuk, a large village at the mouth of the Rock River located near present-day Rock Island, Illinois.
		Black Hawk hoped to forge a military alliance with the Winnebago and other tribes.
		From Black Hawk's autobiography, originally published in 1833, we have included the Sauk warrior's account of both the Battle of Wisconsin Heights and the Battle of Bad Axe.
	www.wisconsinhistory.org /teachers/lessons/secondary/blackhawk.asp (886 words)

	Native Americans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Black Hawk, a Sauk chief, lent his name to the frontier war that gave Abraham Lincoln his one experience in soldiering.
		During the War of 1812, Black Hawk (whose Indian name was Makataimeshekiakiak) fought for the British under the leadership of the famous Tecumseh.
		On August 2, 1832, the Indians were overwhelmed at Bad Axe River, Wisconsin, and Black Hawk was taken prisoner.
	www.npg.si.edu /col/native/blkhwk.htm (227 words)

	Black Hawk War
		Circleville Massacre, Incident in the Black Hawk War
		The traditional date of the war's commencement is 9 April 1865 but tensions had been mounting for years.
		The Black Hawk War erupted as a result of the pressures white expansion brought to Native American populations.
	historytogo.utah.gov /utah_chapters/american_indians/blackhawkwar.html (631 words)

	The Black Hawk War - 1831-1832
		This database of Black Hawk War Veterans indexes the first volume of Ellen M. Whitney's The Black Hawk War 1831-1832.
		Files also contain a small amount of correspondence concerning men who served in the Black Hawk War and material relating to a reunion of these veterans in 1891.
		A roster of soldiers who served in the Black Hawk War has been compiled and edited by Ellen M. Whitney, The Black Hawk War, 1831-1832: Illinois Volunteers in Collections of the Illinois State Historical Library, XXXV (Springfield, 1970).
	www.blackhawktobaccoshop.com /links/b/blackhawkwar.htm (256 words)

	Black Hawk War
		Black Hawk (1767-1838), a war leader of the Sauk and Fox, was an outspoken critic of relocation and had a history of being a thorn in the side of the U.S. government.
		The natives under Black Hawk's command retreated northward ahead of the combined militia and regular forces, moving from northern Illinois into present-day southwestern Wisconsin.
		Black Hawk took refuge with the Winnebago, but was later handed over to U.S. forces and temporarily imprisoned in St.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h336.html (989 words)

	Black Hawk War of 1832
		By James Lewis, Ph.D. In May of 1832 Sac and Fox Indians under the leadership of Black Hawk left the Iowa territory and returned to their homes across the Mississippi River in northern Illinois.
		This project presents searchable primary source materials describing the Black Hawk War of 1832.
		It is a part of the larger Abraham Lincoln Historical Digitization Project and its attempts to use the events of Lincoln's life as a lens through which to interpret and understand broader themes of antebellum American history.
	lincoln.lib.niu.edu /blackhawk (218 words)

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