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	Black Ruthenia Information
		Black Ruthenia (or Black Rus, Чēрная Русь in Russian, Ruś Czarna in Polish) is conventional, rather even artificial name of the territory of the 13th-14th centuries in the western half of contemporary Belarus on the upper reaches of the Neman River.
		From the end of the 10th century the area was controlled by the Kiev principality, at the beginning of the 13th century it probably was submitted to the Polatsk principality.
		Since around 1240 "Black Rus" was kept by the grand duke of neighbouring original Lithuania Mindaugas (May be invited by authorities of Navahradak to rule after he had to leave his native land, Mindaugas then passed a power to his son Vaisvilkas).
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Black_Ruthenia (257 words)

	Ruthenia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ruthenia is a name applied to parts of Eastern Europe which were populated by Eastern Slavic peoples, as well as to various states that existed in this territory in the past.
		By the end of the 12th century, the word Ruthenia was used, among the alternative spelling Ruscia and Russia, in Latin papal documents to denote the lands formerly dominated by Kiev.
		In the early 20th century, the name "Ukraine" was widely accepted in Galicia/Halychyna and the name "Ruthenia" became narrowed to the area south of the Carpathian mountains in the Kingdom of Hungary.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ruthenia (1095 words)

	Wikipedia: Ruthenia
		Ruthenia or (ancient) Russia is a name that has been applied to parts of Eastern Europe which were the populated by Eastern Slavonic peoples, as well as to various states that existed in this territory in old times.
		After the feudal consolidation of Ruthenia into several duchies, most of them were subjugated by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, later in personal union with the Kingdom of Poland to form the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (The Commonwealth of the Two Nations).
		Ruthenia'\, Carpato-Ruthenia, Carpathian Ruthenia, or Carpatho-Ukraine' is the name of a region in Central Europe comprising the southern slopes of the Carpathian Mountains.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/r/ru/ruthenia.html (1071 words)

	Black Ruthenia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Black Ruthenia (or Black Rus, Чорная Русь in Ruthenian language, Ruś Czarna in Polish) is the name of a historical territory in the southwestern part of contemporary Belarus on the upper reaches of the river Nioman.
		The name "Black Ruthenia" was applied in the 13th-14th centuries to a region in the basin of the upper flow of the Neman River, with the cities Hrodna, Navahradak, Slonim, Vaukavysk, Niasvizh, Turau and Zditov.
		In the XIV century Black Rus together with original Lithuania composed the basic nucleus of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Black_Ruthenia (226 words)

	Ruthenia
		Ruthenia is a name that has been applied to parts of Eastern Europe which were the populated by Eastern Slavonic peoples, as well as to various states that existed in this territory in old times.
		Essentially the term Ruthenia, originally a translation of Rus' into the language of European learning, Latin, over the past millenium, was used to apply to the ethnos' or political state to which the small territory surrounding Kiev, (Kievan Rus') belonged.
		Rus' thus becomes narrowed to the nations of Ukraine and Belarus' (Old Ruthenia) as the new language and nation of Muscovy is born.
	www.guajara.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/r/ru/ruthenia.html (1532 words)

	Ruthenia
		Ruthenia is the old name for the Eastern Slavonic countries known today as: Ukraine, Belarus and Russia.
		After the feudal fragmentation of Ruthenia into several duchies, most of them were subjugated by Grand Duchy of Lithuania, later in personal union with the Kingdom of Poland to form the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (The Commonwealth of the Two Nations).
		Ruthenia or Carpato-Ruthenia or Carpatho-Ukraine is the name of a region in Central Europe comprising the southern slopes of the Carpathian Mountains.
	www.teachersparadise.com /ency/en/wikipedia/r/ru/ruthenia.html (256 words)

	Random Works of the Web » Blog Archive » Carpathian Ruthenia
		The territory of Carpathian Ruthenia is split between the western Zakarpattia Oblast (province) of present-day Ukraine, and the eastern provinces (kraj) of PreÅ¡ov and KoÅ¡ice in present-day Slovakia.
		According to the 1880 census, the population of the present-day territory of Carpathian Ruthenia (Zakarpattia Oblast) was composed of:
		According to the 1989 census, the population of the present-day territory of Carpathian Ruthenia (Zakarpattia Oblast) was composed of:
	random.dragonslife.org /carpathian-ruthenia/6718 (2868 words)

	Ruthenia: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Ruthenia is a name applied to parts of Eastern Europe (Eastern Europe: eastern europe is, by convention, that part of europe from the ural and caucasus...
		[follow hyperlink for more...]), the word Ruthenia was used, among the alternative spelling Ruscia and Russia, in Latin (Latin: Any dialect of the language of ancient Rome) papal (papal: the pope is the catholic bishop and patriarch of rome, and head of the roman catholic...
		Ruś Czarna — Black Ruthenia (Black Ruthenia: fl ruthenia (or fl rus,...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/ruthenia (1517 words)

	Ruthenia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Essentially the term Ruthenia, originally a translation of Rus' into the language of European learning, Latin, over the past millennium, was used to apply to the ethnos' or political state to which the small territory surrounding Kiev, (Kievan Rus') belonged.
		Ruthenia becomes further narrowed around 1700, when the language spoken around Kiev (Kievan Rus') becomes a different language from that spoken around Palatsk (Polotsk and Minsk, (White Ruthenian/Belarusian).
		Upon the acceptance of the name "Ukraine" in Galicia/Halychyna at the dawn of the 20th century, the name "Ruthenia" becomes narrowed to the area south of the Carpathian mountain in Hungary a range incorporating the cities of Mukachiv/Mukachevo Munkács), Uzhorod/Ungvár and Preshov/Pryashiv,Eperjes.
	www.peacelink.de /keyword/Ruthenia.php (1560 words)

	Ruthenia - Free net encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Ruthenia is a name applied to parts of Eastern Europe which were populated by Eastern Slavic peoples, as well as to various states that existed in this territory in the past.
		By the end of the 12th century, the word Ruthenia was used, among the alternative spelling Ruscia and Russia, in Latin papal documents to denote the lands formerly dominated by Kiev.
		In the early 20th century, the name "Ukraine" was widely accepted in Galicia/Halychyna and the name "Ruthenia" became narrowed to the area south of the Carpathian mountains in the Kingdom of Hungary.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/Ruthenia (1112 words)

	Black Madonna
		The Black Madonna is a painting of the Madonna and Christ Child which legend states was painted by St. Luke the Evangelist.
		It remained at the royal palace in Ruthenia until an invasion occurred in the eleventh century.
		It is known as the 'Black Madonna" because of the soot residue that discolors the painting.
	www.unsolvedmysteries.com /usm471431.html (672 words)

	Black Ruthenia - Japan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Black Ruthenia (dark yellowish green, north-west) was part of The Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1441.
		Black Ruthenia (Ruthenian: Czornaja Ruś; Belarusian: Čornaja Ruś; Polish: Ruś Czarna) is term used for a region in the western part of contemporary Belarus on the upper reaches of the Neman River that was distinct in the 13th-15th centuries.
		The name "Black Ruthenia" is more often found in historical writings from the 18th century to a region in the basin of the upper flow of the Neman River.
	black-ruthenia.zdnet.co.za /zdnet/Black_Ruthenia (923 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Ruthenia is a name applied to parts of EasternEurope which were populated by Eastern Slavic peoples, as well asto various states that existed in this territory in the past.
		Today the historical territory of Rus, in the broadest sense, is divided among Ukraine, Belarus, Russia, asmall strip in north-eastern Slovakia and a narrow strip of eastern Poland.
		By the 10th century, the term Ruthenia was used, among other spellings,in Latin papal documents to meanRus', and later became a dominant name for Rus in Latin.
	www.immune-system-help.com /rus/name/ruthenia.html (803 words)

	The Black Madonna - Page II
		This Black Virgin was once part of the 11th century treasure of Benedictine priory of Saint Andrew, originally a hermitage in and during the Merovingian Dynasty.
		Black Madonnas are believed to be pre-Christian archetypes whose child-nurturing focus is the embodiment of the pre-historic Great Mother.
		Officially, it is known as the 'Black Madonna" because of the soot residue that discolors the painting.
	www.bluemoonnews.com /madonnas2.htm (2039 words)

	Halych-Volhynia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Halych-Volhynia, or Halych-Volodymyr, was a large state in Ruthenia (Rus') which existed in the 13th and 14th centuries.
		Danylo defeated the Polish and Hungarian forces in the battle of Yaroslav (Jarosław) in 1245, but at the same time he was compelled to acknowledge, at least nominally, the supremacy of the Tatar Golden Horde.
		Demographic growth was enhanced by immigration from the west and the south, and commerce developed thanks to trade routes linking the Black Sea with Poland, Germany and the Baltic basin.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/h/ha/halych-volhynia.html (1022 words)

	Ruthenia - Japan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Ruthenia is a geographic and culturo-ethnic name applied to the parts of Eastern Europe populated by Eastern Slavic peoples, as well as to the past various states that existed in these territories.
		By the end of the 12th century, the word Ruthenia was used, among the alternative spelling Ruscia and Russia, in Latin papal documents to denote the lands formerly dominated by Kiev.
		After 1918, the name "Ruthenia" became narrowed to the area south of the Carpathian mountains in the Kingdom of Hungary, named Carpathian Ruthenia (It incorporated the cities of Mukacheve/Mukachovo/Munkács, Uzhhorod/Ungvár and Presov/Pryashiv(Pryashuv)/Eperjes) and populated by Carpatho-Rusyns), a group of East Slavic highlanders.
	ruthenia.zdnet.co.za /zdnet/Ruthenia (1684 words)

	Transcarpathian Ukraine - Japan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Carpathian Ruthenia, as well as a broader region, was occupied by Romania from April 1919 until July or August 1919, and then was recoccupied by Hungary.
		Most of the Jews of Carpathian Ruthenia were killed, though a number survived, either because they were hidden by their neighbours, or were forced into labor battalions, which often guaranteed food and shelter.
		For urbane European readers in the 19th century, Ruthenia, a forgotten piece of Hungary, was one original of the 19th century's imaginary "Ruritania" the most rural, most rustic and deeply provincial tiny province lost in forested mountains that could be imagined.
	transcarpathian-ukraine.zdnet.co.za /zdnet/Transcarpathian_Ukraine (3527 words)

	ruthenia
		Ruthenia or Rus is an old name applied to parts of the Eastern Europe which were the populated by Eastern Slavonic peoples, as well as to various states that existed in this territory in old times.
		There were serious attempts to change this union into the Commonwealth of the Three Nations: Poland, Lithuania (including Belarus) and Ruthenia Ukraine (the Duchy of Ruthenia).
		The fragmentation of Kievan Rus' and its subjugation to external empires was the basis for the split of Ruthenians into three separate nations.
	www.fact-library.com /ruthenia.html (468 words)

	Black Ruthenia: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		— 1192) was the prince of polock, fl ruthenia (nowohorodok)...
		[follow hyperlink for more...]) Narymont (Narymont: narymont was the grand prince of lithuania and samogitia, prince of fl ruthenia...
		Ruthenia (Ruthenia: ruthenia is a name applied to parts of eastern europe which were populated by eastern...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/black_ruthenia (435 words)

	Ukraine
		Ukraine, republic in eastern Europe, bounded on the north by Belarus and Russia; on the east by Russia; on the south by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov; on the southwest by Romania and Moldova; and on the west by Hungary, Slovakia, and Poland.
		Most major rivers flow south to the Black Sea; they include the Dnepr River in central Ukraine, the Southern Bug and Dnestr rivers in the west, the Donets River in the east, and the Danube in the far south.
		In July former prime minister Leonid Kuchma was elected president with a narrow 52 percent of the vote.
	www.odessit.com /general/ukraine.htm (2101 words)

	Red Ruthenia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Red Ruthenia (Ukrainian: Червона Русь, Chervona Rus, Polish: Ruś Czerwona, Latin: Ruthenia Rubra or Russia Rubra) is the name used since medieval times to refer to the area known as Eastern Galicia prior to World War I.
		Some Ukrainian historians claim that this prefix designation (Red) is an artificial invention of Polish imperialism and does not have any historical context as for whole of western Ukraine, being meant at division of Rus (Ukraine) and polonization of this area (western Ukraine).
		Since these times the name Ruś Czerwona is recorded, translated as "Red Ruthenia" ("Czerwień" means the color red in Slavic languages, or it is possibly from the Polish village Czermno), applied to a territory extended up to the Dniester River, with priority gradually transferred to Przemyśl.
	www.1bx.com /en/Red_Cities.htm (558 words)

	The world's top ruthenia websites (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The word Ruthenia is the Latin name for an old Slavic territory which didn't have proper name but was called by its inhabitants "Руськая Земля" ("ruskaya zemlya") which could be translated as "Rusian Land" or "Land of Rus".
		By the 10th century, the term Ruthenia was used, among other spellings, in Latin Papal documents in the sense of Rus' the people or medieval state of Rus (Kievan Rus), and later became a dominant name for Rus in Latin.
		During the period of 1880s — early 1900s, "Ruthenia" was often used in reference to western Ukraine.
	dirs.org /wiki-article-tab.cfm/ruthenia (667 words)

	History of Ukraine
		Around 600 B.C., the ancient Greeks founded on the north-eastern shore of the Black Sea the colonies of Tyras, Olbia, Hermonassa, perpetuated by Roman and Byzantine cities until the sixth century A.D. Slavic tribes occupied central and eastern plains of Scythia as early as the sixth century.
		Local regional subdivisions of Rus' appeared in the Slavic heartland, including, "Belarus'" (White Ruthenia), "Chorna Rus'" (Black Ruthenia) and "Cherven' Rus'" (Red Ruthenia) in northwestern and western Ukraine.
		Although Christianity had made inroads into Ukraine before the first ecumenical council, the Council of Nicea (particularly along the Black Sea coast) and, in Western Ukraine during the time of empire of Great Moravia, the formal governmental acceptance of Christianity in Rus' occurred at the Baptism of Kiev in 988.
	www.stranslation.com /Ukrainian_Translation/history_of_ukraine.htm (2199 words)

	Black Nail Polish
		Black Ruthenia - Black Ruthenia (or Black Rus, Ð§Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð ÑÑÑ in Ruthenian language, RuÅ Czarna in Polish) is the name of a historical territory in the southwestern part of contemporary Belarus on the upper reaches of the river Nioman.
		Gracing the front of the stately key fob is a polished, beaded, 10K yellow gold grape cluster flanked by two diamond-cut, 12K satin leavesâ”one green chain history jew sacred and one rose.
		Black Kitchen Cabinet - Black Kitchen Cabinet Building Kitchen Cabinets Building instead of buying cabinets means not only cost savings but also better materials fl kitchen cabinet and a truly custom kitchen.
	na86.healthyounger.com /blacknailpolish.html (1261 words)

	Bryan J Walsh
		The painting was eventually owned by Charlemagne who subsequently presented the painting to Prince Leo of Ruthenia (northwest Hungary).It remained at the royal palace in Ruthenia until an invasion occurred in the eleventh century.
		Ruthenia was saved as a result of this intervention by Our Lady.
		In the fourteenth century, it was transferred to the Mount of Light (Jasna Gora) in Poland in response to a request made in a dream of Prince Ladislaus of Opola.
	www.ewtn.com /library/MARY/BLACKMA.htm (649 words)

	Overstock Furniture
		Contemporary Black Bedroom Furniture - Contemporary Black Bedroom Furniture Black conservatism - Black Conservatism is a political and social movement within African American culture which emphasizes American patriotism (and in extreme cases, jingoism), and right to far-right Christian values.
		Contemporary fl conservatives find common ground with American conservatives of other races, which sometimes put them at odds with the largely "left" majority of African American communities.
		Black Ruthenia - Black Ruthenia (or Black Rus, Ð§Ð¾Ñ...
	ri84.mndine.com /overstockfurniture.html (1433 words)

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