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Topic: Black alder

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	Littleflowers Medicinal Plants - Black Alder - Winterberry - Ilex Verticillata
		Black Alder's medicinal properties include acting as a tonic, reducing fevers (febrifuge) and as an astringent, useful for tightening tissue and reducing secretions.
		The decoction of the bark is prepared by boiling 2 ounces of bark in 3 pints of water down to 2 pints, this being given internally in diarrhea and malarial disorders, and externally in indolent sores and chronic skin disease.
		The Black Alder...is another of the growing list of plants handed down to us by the aborigines, who used the bark internally and externally as a tonic, astringent, and antiseptic, and is probably as well known to domestic practice as any indigenous shrub.
	www.geocities.com /littleflowers_2000/black_alder.html (906 words)

	Trees for Life - Species Profile: Common or black alder
		Alder is the most common tree in riparian forests, and it improves soil fertility through its ability to fix nitrogen from the air.
		Alder is the most common tree species in riparian forests, and it plays a crucial role in these stream- and loch-edge woodlands.
		Alder foliage provides shade which is beneficial to fish, including salmon (Salmo salar) and brown trout (Salmo trutta), and its leaves, which are relatively quick to decompose in water, provide nutrients for invertebrates such as the larvae of caddisflies, stoneflies and water beetles.
	www.treesforlife.org.uk /forest/species/alder.html (1668 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Black Alder (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Black Alder (Alnus glutinosa) is an alder tree native to most of Europe, including all of Britain, and locally in southwest Asia.
		Black Alder, European Alder or Common Alder (Alnus glutinosa) is an alder tree native to most of Europe, including all of Britain, Fennoscandia and locally in southwest Asia.
		Alder catkins are one of the first sources of pollen for bee species, especially honeybees, which use it for spring buildup.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Black-Alder (1496 words)

	Eopt - Alder (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The wood of the fl alder distinguishes itself by its uniform structure and the bright red-white to red-yellow colour.
		Black alder wood can be processed smoothly and easily with machines or manually.
		Alder wood shrinks little and after drying it is very durable and bendable.
	www.wissen-elektrowerkzeuge.de /mdb/data/en/lexika/eopt/alder.html (399 words)

	Alder Buckthorn
		Alder buckthorn is a laxative and cathartic, and is most commonly taken as a treatment for chronic constipation.
		Alder buckthorn is a particularly beneficial remedy if the muscles of the colon are weak and if there is poor bile flow.
		Alder buckthorn grows in the northeastern parts of the US and in Europe (except for the Mediterranean region and the extreme north).
	www.herbs2000.com /herbs/herbs_alder_buckthorn.htm (548 words)

	Alder
		Herbalists through the centuries have used brews made from the bark and leaves of the alder as an astringent and a quinine substitute, and to fight inflammations and fevers.
		Alders are also valued for the nitrogen-fixing bacteria that colonize their roots and thereby enrich the soil.
		The astringent alder is employed most often as a mouthwash and gargle for tooth, gum, and throat problems.
	www.herbs2000.com /herbs/herbs_alder.htm (458 words)

	Alnus rubra english
		Alder (Alnus spp.) is represented by 20 to 30 species, with 15 species in North and Tropical America and 15 species in Eurasia.
		Red alder is the most common hardwood in the Pacific Northwest and the largest of the American alders.
		Red alder wood is almost white when freshly cut but quickly changes to a light tan or light brown with a yellow or reddish tinge when exposed to the air.
	www2.fpl.fs.fed.us /TechSheets/HardwoodNA/htmlDocs/alnusreng.html (757 words)

	Alder
		Alder is what Leo Fender used on his first bolt on guitars and so did PRS before he decided to go mass production.
		Alder is a fast growing deciduous tree adapted to swampy areas and self sufficient in nitrogen uptake.
		Alder is a light, relatively soft and medium tough wood among the wood species.
	www.edromanguitars.com /wood/alder.htm (371 words)

	Black definition - Dictionary - MSN Encarta
		The word fl is standard in current usage for a dark-skinned person of African origin or descent.
		The term fl is sometimes extended to include other peoples who are not white such as those of South Asia, but this use is generally regarded as unacceptable, the preferable use being specific names such as Indian or Malay.
		The term fl is sometimes extended to include other peoples who are not white, but this use is generally regarded as unacceptable, the preferable use being specific names such as Indian or Malay.
	encarta.msn.com /dictionary_701704667/Black.html (273 words)

	Alder
		Alders are shrubs or small trees, although mountain alder may grow up to 10 m high.
		Leaves of mountain alder are oblong and doubly serrated, with main teeth having smaller serrations.
		In central Europe, alders are early pollinators, beginning in February or even late January, and extending through April into early May. In the United States, alders will pollinate from March through May, occasionally earlier.
	www.salinasallergyclinic.com /PollenInformation/alder.html (386 words)

	Ohio Trees - European Black Alder
		European Black Alder, a native of Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia, was introduced to North America long ago and has escaped from cultivation, and it is sometimes seen along bodies of water, where it may successfully self-sow and form pure stands.
		European Black Alder has a leaf that is atypical as compared to other Alders in that it is round in shape, rather than elliptical.
		Vegetative buds of European Black Alder are more typical of all Alders, being distinctly valvate (also called duck-billed, where the twin bud scales come together like a duck's bill) and also clearly stalked on the winter twigs.
	www.dnr.state.oh.us /forestry/trees/alder_euroblk.htm (599 words)

	Tree Totem-Trees-Alder
		Alder Bridges that have been erected centuries ago are still standing and used today.
		The Alder Tree became the reference to the Celtic "Tree of Life" and was called "Tree of Resurrection." There is very little evidence to find to support why this was so but it is thought that the because the tree would bleed when cut, it became the physical representation of the Gods.
		Alder tea from the outer bark has been used for treatment of jaundice, diarrhea, gangrene and dropsy.
	treetotem.com /tealder.htm (1113 words)

	Bud key for recognizing Dutch hardwood trees in the winter at www.bomengids.nl, European trees
		Common alder; European alder; Black alder Alnus glutinosa Zwarte els
		Common alder; European alder; Black alder Alnus glutinosa VERSUS
		Black alder has fl/grey big flat clam-shaped buds where speathii has small green buds.
	www.bomengids.nl /uk/bud.html (321 words)

	Black Alder
		Black Alder, also called European Alder or European Black Alder
		Male catkins are 1 - 1 1/2" long, female flowers which are found in the cones are 1/4" long.
		Straight trunk with rounded or oblong crown of dark green foliage.
	www.uni.uiuc.edu /~dstone/black_alder.html (219 words)

	Alder / Alnus glutinosa / Black Alder / Common Alder/ English Alder / Fever Bush / Owler / Winter ...
		For centuries, herbalists used the bark and leaves in brews for use as an astringent in reducing fevers and inflammations, and as a quinine substitute.
		Due to AlderÂ’s strong actions, if you are on other medications, it is best to consult with your physician before using this herb for the treatment of your condition.
		Alder is most often used as a mouthwash and gargle for tooth, gum, and throat problems, though it is also used to stop internal and external bleeding.
	www.insensual.com /alder.html (849 words)

	Alder - Herb Database + Images
		Black Alder Winterberry, Deciduous Winterberry, Fever Bush, Virginia Winterberry
		A small deciduous tree or shrub to 15 feet which is found in the eastern American coastal states.
		Leaves thin, oval or lanceolate; flowers white followed by pea-sized scarlet berries; bark grows in thin layers, the outer surface brownish with pale patches and fl dots and lines, the cork layer separating easily from the light yellow to pale green inner bark.
	earthnotes.tripod.com /alder.htm (559 words)

	European Alder - eMedicinal.com
		Black alder (A. glutinosa) is a deciduous tree up to 80 feet high; the alternate leaves are round-obovate, usually doubly serrate, scalloped, and have a tuft of down on the underside.
		Smooth alder (A. serrulata) sometimes called the Hazel alder, is a shrub or tree with flish bark that is lightly speckled with small, grayish to orange lenticels.
		Black alder (A. glutinosa) grows in Europe, Asia, North Africa, and locally in North America.
	www.emedicinal.com /herbs/europeanalder.php (399 words)

	Lövträinstitutet - träslagsinformation - al
		Black alder is a fastgrowing decidous tree adapted to swampy areas and selfsufficient in nitrogen uptake.
		Black alder is a light, relatively soft and medium tough wood among the Swedish wood species.
		Wood from alder must be kept dry, if it´s exposed to moist environment it´s disposed to decay.
	www.lovtrainstitutet.se /en/wood-information/grunder/al.html (163 words)

	Legends of Karinth :: Knights of the Black Alder
		Legends of Karinth :: Knights of the Black Alder
		The Knights of the Black Alder are a Portsmouth based guild of knights, housed within the Chapel of Seven Mists.
		Everything that a Knight does must avoid tarnishing the reputation of his fellow knights, and as such an intelligent mind and faithful spirit are essential for a successful future within the Black Alder.
	www.legendsofkarinth.com /?page=elysium/societies/alder (377 words)

	botanical.com - A Modern Herbal \| Alder, Black American - Herb Profile and Information (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It grows from 6 to 1O feet in height, with thin, oval or lanceolate leaves, white flowers and bright scarlet berries the size of a large pea, causing it to be very conspicuous in the autumn, when the surrounding vegetation is leafless.
		The bark is found in thin fragments, the outer surface brownish, with whitish patches and fl dots and lines, the cork layer easily separating from the pale-greenish or yellowish white inner tissue.
		The fracture is short, the odour almost imperceptible, and the taste bitter and slightly astringent.
	www.botanical.com /botanical/mgmh/a/alder018.html (430 words)

	Trees of Winona State University
		The Black Alder is a hardy tree, surviving northern winters well, though it does better in wet sites and can be short lived if grown in dry, stressful sites.
		The Alder is one of the few tree varieties that convert nitrogen from the soil atmosphere enabling it to grow and prosper even in adverse conditions.
		At Winona State University, the Black Alder can be found in two separate islands along the central campus mall; one just west of the entrance to the Library and the other just east of Minné Hall.
	www.winona.edu /publications/treebook/787.htm (283 words)

	Illinois Plant, Landscape and Nursery Technology
		Black alders are commonly found in nurseries as multistemmed trees, making them a comparable design substitute for birches.
		Black alders can be an attractive and useful choice for certain landscapes conditions.
		Summer: The fl alder has extremely dark and glossy leaves that are quite attractive throughout the summer.
	www.extension.uiuc.edu /IPLANT/plant_select/arboretum_trees/Black_Alder.htm (369 words)

	[No title]
		However, greater quantities of juglone are generally present in the area immediately under the canopy of a fl walnut tree, due to greater root density and the accumulation of juglone from decaying leaves and nut hulls.
		Species survival near or under fl walnut trees is further complicated by the fact that the amount of juglone present in the soil depends on soil type, drainage, and soil micro-organisms.
		If a garden is separated from a fl walnut tree by a rock wall, driveway, or other physical barrier, then root extension growth into the garden area may be limited and juglone toxicity problems minimized.
	www.wvu.edu /~agexten/hortcult/fruits/blkwalnt.htm (828 words)

	Lewis and Clark as Naturalists (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Lewis, February 9, 1806--The stem of the fl alder of this country before mentioned as arriving to great size, is simply branching and defuse.
		Clark, February 9, 1806--The stem of the Black Alder of this country before mentioned as ariveing at great size, is simple branching and defuse.
		the leaf is procisely that of the common alder of the United States or Virginia.
	www.mnh.si.edu /lewisandclark/journal.cfm?id=1470 (162 words)

	Owler - Herbs & Supplements - Drug Library - DrugDigest
		Black alder bark contains up to 20% of chemicals known as tannins.
		Although no side effects have been reported from using fl alder as a gargle or foot soak, oral preparations of other herbal products that are high in tannin content have been associated with kidney or liver damage.
		Because so little is known about fl alder and its possible effects on a developing fetus, an infant, or a small child; its use is not recommended for pregnant or breast-feeding women or children under the age of 18.
	www.drugdigest.org /DD/DVH/HerbsCareful/0,3924,552574\|Owler,00.html (317 words)

	TrekEarth \| Black alder crosscut Photo
		Black alder (Alnus glutinosa) by most people in Latvia is considered to be almost weed - after the collapse of Soviet agriculture system this tree agressively takes over the wet meadows, turning them into thick and boring bush.
		Black alder in Latvia becomes monument of nature if its circumference at 1,3 m height exceeds 3,5 m...
		This fl alder was cut some hours before - its crosscut got its characteristic red colour which some hours later becomes more and more pale.
	www.trekearth.com /gallery/Europe/Latvia/photo44234.htm (243 words)

	alder - definition by dict.die.net
		alder n 1: wood of any of various alder trees; resistant to underwater rot; used for bridges etc 2: north temperate shrubs or trees having toothed leaves and conelike fruit; bark is used in tanning and dyeing and the rot-resistant wood [syn: alder tree]
		In the U. the species of alder are usually shrubs or small trees.
		(a) A European shrub (Rhamnus frangula); Alder buckthorn.
	dict.die.net /alder (139 words)

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