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Topic: Black and Red Ware

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	Black and red ware culture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The fl and red ware culture (BRW) is an early Iron Age archaeological culture of the northern Indian Subcontinent.
		In some sites, BRW pottery is associated with Late Harappan pottery, and according to some scholars like Tribhuan N. Roy, the BRW may have directly influenced the Painted Grey Ware and Northern Black Polished cultures.
		It is succeeded by the Painted Grey Ware culture.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Black_and_Red_Ware (232 words)

	Painted Grey Ware culture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Painted Grey Ware culture (PGW) is an Iron Age culture of Gangetic plain, lasting from roughly 1100 BC to 350 BC.
		It is contemporary to, and a successor of the Black and red ware culture.
		It is succeeded by Northern Black Polished Ware from ca.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Painted_Grey_Ware (333 words)

	Malter Galleries Past Auctions
		Red and fl pigment on a greenish ground.
		Black, red, buff and white pigments are used to render a variety of designs, including a Djed pillar of Osiris and a knot of Isis.
		The case is chased with scrolls and rosette ornaments in red, blue, turquoise, fl and white colors.
	www.maltergalleries.com /archives/auction03/831.htm (9373 words)

	Reading the past in a more inclusive way
		fl and red ware seem to be more prominently associated with urn-burial groups, and megaliths with stone appendages.
		Once it was established that we definitely had fl and red ware which was attributable to megalithic culture, accompanying cultural traits such as the pottery types, symbols on megalithic pottery, iron technology, bead types and megalithic burials were also taken into account in my study.
		Black and red ware have been found from an earlier chronological context all the way from north Africa, West Asia and the late-Harappan context.
	www.flonnet.com /fl2301/stories/20060127003610200.htm (3196 words)

	Ashmolean Museum: Presentations: Ancient Cyprus - Highlights - Prehistoric Terracottas 5 - Red Polished and Black ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Red Polished ware, along with its twin Black Polished, is the most characteristic ware of the Cypriot Early Bronze Age, spanning a period of something like six hundred years.
		As its name suggests, Red Polished is distinguished by a dark red-brown surface slip, whose colour derives from oxidising conditions during firing, and which is sometimes (though not always) highly polished.
		Its counterpart, Black Polished, is basically the same ware, on which the slip is subjected to reducing conditions during firing, thus turning the surface fl.
	www.ashmol.ox.ac.uk /ash/amps/cyprus/AncCyp-Ter-04.html (331 words)

	CypTransAK1040 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Black on Red AK This amphoroid krater is quite a bit later than the one above.
		The decoration is done in Black on Red Ware, so that the vessel was covered with a bright red or orange-red slip, then painted with fl motifs.
		These is another example of Black on Red Ware shown with the Iron Age Case; there, it is a small amphora.
	www.fas.harvard.edu /~semitic/hsm/PrepJpegs/CypTransAK1040.htm (119 words)

	BMC.A&A Collections.:.Distinguished Clay Exhibit
		Iron bearing mineral paints, which fired from a fl to a reddish color, were present in the south and east, in the area of Cibola and Chaco Canyon.
		At San Ildefonso the polished fl or red ware is often painted with a matte slip of the same color to create designs.
		The arrow running from the mouth of the animal, primarily deer, to the chest is referred to as the "heartline motif." (See Zuni Example) The rims circling the pots may be fl or red and the bases brown.
	www.brynmawr.edu /collections/Exhibitions/exh-clay.shtml (1306 words)

	Origins of Iron Ore
		The ceramic industries of this period are represented by mainly red, fl-and-red, fl slipped, and grey wares.
		Red ware and fl-and-red ware sherds bearing cord impressions on their exterior were found in greater number in the lower levels.
		Red ware dominates the pottery assemblage of this period, while the fl-and-red ware is nominally represented.
	www.archaeologyonline.net /artifacts/iron-ore.html (2551 words)

	Medicine Black-On-Red Ware (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Hopi ware of this time period did not have a colored slip, instead the surface was polished until it was smooth and then it was painted and fired.
		The decorations on Medicine fl-on-red ware were painted with fl manganese and had contrasting thick and thin lines with solid figures.
		This type of ware was made along the Colorado River near the connection with the San Juan River down to the spot were the San Juan River joined with the Little Colorado River.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/archaeology/artifacts/medicine.html (184 words)

	Red Polished Ware bowl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Red Polished Ware was the dominant pottery of the Early and Middle Bronze Age (2300-1650 BC) in Cyprus.
		The final colour of the slip, and so the appearance of the vessel, depended on the amount of iron oxide in the solution (more was needed for the pot to become red, less for fl) and the condition and temperature of firing.
		Two-coloured pots were often red on the outside with a fl rim and interior.
	www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk /compass/ixbin/goto?id=OBJ3501 (325 words)

	WWW Virtual Library: Unearthing Sri Lanka's Past (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		According to Agrawal and Kusumgar (1968) the culture was an intrusive one and succeeded the neolithic at Hallur (Karnataka) around 945 B.C. This culture evidently spread from the Deccan into the fertile plains of Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu and survived until the early Christian era.
		As such we may have to suppose that this culture was adopted by the Aryan Pandyans and later transferred to Sri Lanka with the commencement of trade and marital relations between the two countries.
		Somadeva connects the distinct symbols or letters incised on the capstones to the graffiti marks occuring in the Black and Red Ware pottery of the early burial complexes such as Pomparippu.
	www.lankalibrary.com /geo/past.htm (2169 words)

	Khirbet Kerak Ware / Red Black Burnished Ware - Ancient Near East .net
		Khirbet Kerak Ware is the description commonly given to an important diagnostic ceramic type known from excavations of Early Bronze Age III strata in various Levantine sites.
		The ware is significant in revealing an early transition towards to ceramic craft specialisation.
		From the Euphrates to the Caucasus: Chronologies for the 4th-3rd millennium B.C. Vom Euphrat in den Kaukasus: Vergleichende Chronologie des 4.
	www.ancientneareast.net /wares_kerak.html (692 words)

	THE DRAVIDIANS IN CHINA
		Many of the symbols on this ware are analogous to Harappan and south Indian ware.
		The original southern Chinese were of Yueh origin that were recognized by the Chinese as being 'Black', and the Siva worshippers of India both had the bird as their symbol or totem.
		In Chinese literature these Blacks were called Yi and Yueh, according to Shun-sheng Ling, A study of the raft, outrigger, double and deck canoes of ancient China the Pacific and the Indian Ocean.
	www.geocities.com /Tokyo/Bay/7051/DRAVIDIANS.html (1495 words)

	Hierakonpolis Online
		Some have argued that Black-topped red ware was produced by firing a red polished vessel rim down in ash within the kiln.
		In this way the flened rim is produced by a combination of soot and the reduction (oxygen starvation) of the red iron rich coating which turns it fl.
		Others have argued that this method could not have worked, and that a two step method was used in which a red pot was first fired and later placed rim down in hot smoldering ash to produce the flened rim.
	www.hierakonpolis.org /site/kilns.html (671 words)

	Fort, Mirjan, dt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The ceramic industry of the period is represented by typical fl and red ware, fl ware, polished red ware and dull red ware.
		This phase is characterized by fl and red ware and fl burnished ware.
		The antiquities include lead and copper coins of Maharathis and Satavahanas (these coins were recovered from the floor levels), beads of semi-precious stones and glass, iron and copper alloy implements.
	asi.nic.in /writereaddata/sublinkimages/30.htm (824 words)

	UWS - Template - Text Only
		The shiny effect is not a glaze but is caused by burnishing, that is, rubbing with a flat object such as a pebble, at the leather hard stage before firing.
		The red coloration is caused by the application of red ochre.
		Black topped vessels such as these were made from Nile silt.
	www.swan.ac.uk /egypt/infosheet/Pottery.htm (947 words)

	Black and red ware and rice diffusion from Lothal to Bengal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Black and red ware and rice diffusion from Lothal to Bengal
		The earliest appearance of the Black and Red ware is in Lothal (2200 BC) and next comes Ahar (2000 BC).
		Black on red ware, Khiplewala, Bahawalpur province; Mughal, M.R., 1997, Ancient Cholistan, Pl.58
	www.hindunet.org /saraswati/html/ricediffusion.htm (100 words)

	Ancient artefacts for sale - Page 4
		Records exist of a maritime agent and ship's captain called Gabriel Couteaux (1896-1981) who was resident in Istanbul and he may have been the source of this antiquity.
		750-600 B.C. A good-sized Cypriot Black-on-Red Ware pottery oinochoe, the body decorated with groups of umber concentric bands with zig-zag decoration on the handle and bands around the neck and trefoil lip.
		2nd-3rd Century A.D. A Roman red ware askos, measuring 146 mm/5.7 ins.
	www.ancientrelics.co.uk /OA_New_Page4.htm (317 words)

	Archaeologists hint at ancient sea link - Sify.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		On the practice of burying their dead, Malik says most of the burials are in association with iron and copper metallic objects like swords, knives and bangles.
		He says the primary burials of human bodies in large-sized fl and red ware urns were associated with a number of ritualistic materials including neatly made small clay pots which varied in shapes and sizes.
		"Though fl and red ware are closely associated with megalithic culture of south India, they have not been found at any other site so far," he says.
	sify.com /news/fullstory.php?id=14139066 (486 words)

	Black Chinese
		The Africans or fls that founded civilization in China were often called li min "fl headed people" by the Zhou dynasts.
		The tradition recorded by Han, of the fl-and-red ware for the Xia li min suggest some relationship of Xia to the Yangshao culture which also used BRW and analogous pottery signs.
		The fl-and-red ware (BRW) common to the Fertile African Crescent was also used in China.
	www.geocities.com /Tokyo/Bay/7051/blshang.htm (3152 words)

	Semitic Museum Cesnola Collection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Elongated globular body curving to a medium diameter disk base with a slight concavity, tall flaring neck with sharp neck-ridge, funnel-shaped rim with a wide rounded edge; opposing vertical handles, D-shaped in section, from the neck ridge to wide on the shoulder.
		Common type of vessel made in Black on Red Ware, though not as common as the small to really miniature handle-ridge jugs (with a single handle).
		Comparanda SM: There are numerous examples of bottles or two-handled juglets in this ware within the collection: 1995.10.271,305,310; jug 1995.10.306; also miniature Black on Red Ware handle-ridge jugs, and juglets, sometimes with trefoil-rim/spouts, see Comparanda with 1995.10.335 for the moment).
	www.fas.harvard.edu /~semitic/Cesnola/filemaker.cgi?obnum=308 (252 words)

	Collections: Ancient Art - Museum of Art and Archaeology - University of Missouri-Columbia
		Made of plaster, carefully molded and painted, this mask has inlaid eyes of cast fl and white glass with dark blue glass eyeliners.
		The shape and patterned decoration on this jug are normal for pottery in Black-on-red II (IV) ware.
		A mark of his style is the way he draws the eye: the upper lid is convex instead of concave to the lower, and the iris is shown as a large fl dot at the inner corner.
	museum.research.missouri.edu /collections/ancient.html (1150 words)

	Ray's Indian Originals - Santa Clara Pottery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Santa Clara Pueblo is best known for its highly polished fl and red ware.
		Santa Clara is well-known for its red clay pots - the combination of intense color and slip used.
		The deeply carved pottery is the foundation of traditional Santa Clara pottery and is a favorite among collectors.
	www.raysindianoriginals.com /santaclarapotthumbs.asp (156 words)

	Ancient artefacts for sale - Page 3
		OA12 A small Cypriot White Painted Ware shallow bowl, 7th-8th Century B.C. A small Cypriot buff coloured White Painted Ware shallow bowl, measuring 107 mm/4.2 ins.
		Bowl has two small loop handles and is decorated on the interior and exterior with encircling concentric umber bands, Cypriot Iron Age, 7th-8th Century B.C. Some very minor wear and encrustation, but generally in fine condition.
		Some wear to the glaze, particularly to the exterior of the rim, two rim shards re-fixed, and a small rim chip, 4th Century B.C. Ex Netherlands Private Collection.
	www.ancientrelics.co.uk /OA_New_Page3.htm (186 words)

	The Palm Leaf
		They included a figurine of Goddess Durga, a bull, coarse red ware, fl and red ware, a few pieces of Roman pottery, terracotta beads, spindle whorls, iron knife and nails, copper objects, an incomplete well, bangles made of conch shell with beautiful designs, human torso made of terracotta and so on.
		They yielded spectacular objects such as celts, polishing and grinding stones, hammers made of stones and cylindrical pestles belonging to the Neolithic period.
		The megalithic objects found were fl and red ware, grey ware and red slipped ware.
	www.varnam.org /history/2005/05 (436 words)

	Indian Pottery Native American Indian Pottery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		It is a deep fl polished vase, with an asymmetrical opening, with the burnt sienna torched area surrounding the multi colored stone.
		The contrast between the colored stone, the rich, deep fl, and the sienna is quite dramatic.
		They do not realize that before matte painted ware, traditional San Ildefonso pottery composed of fl on cream ware, fl on red ware, and eventually evolved into the polychrome ware.
	www.nativepots.com /sanpottery.html (2579 words)

	Lidded jar decorated with sphinxes, goats and floral motifs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The lower body shows bands of red and fl and at the rim is a series of rosettes alternating with stripes and a roundel with fl centre.
		The sphinxes, with their upright wings and aprons, are in the Phoenician style, as are the lotus flowers under the bellies of the sphinxes.
		Bichrome (two-coloured) ware reappeared in Cyprus early in the Iron Age as a result of influence from Syria and Phoenicia (modern Lebanon).
	www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk /compass/ixbin/goto?id=OBJ3449 (303 words)

	New excavations show an older Lucknow
		The core area of habitation, however, could not be located in the earlier excavations.
		The fresh excavations showed the presence of iron along with ill fired distinct red ware, fine red ware, fl slipped ware and fl and red ware in shapes mainly of bowls, dishes and storage jars etc. Charred bones were also found in large quantities.
		The burnt terracota nodules with reed marks recovered from the deposit indicated that the huts were made of wattle and duab.
	www.ambedkar.org /News/Newexcavations.htm (361 words)

	Cyprus - Iron Age Black-on-Red II (IV) Strainer Jug
		Red and dark brown paint is used on Bichrome ware.
		Black paint on a red polished surface is common on Black-on-Red ware.
		This example has with trefoil rim and globular body, decorated with a bird and a deer feeding on plants.
	exchanges.state.gov /culprop/cypruspc/0000005f.htm (144 words)

	The Hindu : Urn-burial site found at Adichanallur
		So far, 20 urns, painted pot sherds, fl ware and red ware have been unearthed.
		The burial site is adjacent to a lake on a huge mound on the southern bank of the Tamiraparani.
		Among the artefacts discovered are hundreds of pot sherds with beautiful designs and graffiti, superbly-crafted pot spouts, tiered knobs to be fitted into the pot's lid, fl ware, red ware, and fl and red ware.
	www.hindu.com /2004/03/14/stories/2004031400151100.htm (844 words)

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