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	Blackbody Radiation
		The radiated energy can be considered to be produced by standing wave or resonant modes of the cavity which is radiating.
		The amount of radiation emitted in a given frequency range should be proportional to the number of modes in that range.
		The Planck radiation formula is an example of the distribution of energy according to Bose-Einstein statistics.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/mod6.html (562 words)

	black body - Encyclopedia.com
		fl body in physics, an ideal fl substance that absorbs all and reflects none of the radiant energy falling on it.
		Since a fl body is a perfect absorber of radiant energy, by the laws of thermodynamics it must also be a perfect emitter of radiation.
		In thermodynamics the principle of the fl body is used to determine the nature and amount of the energy emitted by a heated object.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-blackbod.html (517 words)

	Black Body Distribution
		The curve above is the radiation-distribution curve for a mathematical idealization known as a 'fl body' (or 'Planck's curve)—an object that absorbs all radiation falling upon it.
		In a steady state, a fl body must re-emit the same amount of energy as it absorbs; the fl-body curve shown in the image describes the distribution of that re-emitted radiation.
		At 1000 K, for instance, most of the emitted radiation is still infrared, but now there is also a small amount of visible (dull red) radiation being emitted (note in Figure 2.10 that the high-frequency portion of the 1000 K curve just overlaps the visible region of the graph).
	hea-www.harvard.edu /~efortin/thesis/html/Black_body.shtml (907 words)

	Blackbody Radiation
		As the temperature increases, the peak wavelength emitted by the fl body decreases.
		In the 19th century a major problem for physicists was to predict the intensity of radiation emitted by a fl body at a specific wavelength.
		His idea was that the oscillating electrons of the surface atoms of the fl body emitted radiation according to Maxwell's laws of electromagnetism.
	www.egglescliffe.org.uk /physics/astronomy/blackbody/bbody.html (1885 words)

	Black body Summary
		Radiation that enters the hole is reflected continuously within the sphere until it is completely absorbed (as would be the case with a flbody).
		In physics, a fl body is an object that absorbs all electromagnetic radiation that falls onto it.
		The hole, then, is a close approximation of a theoretical fl body and, if the cavity is heated, the spectrum of the hole's radiation (i.e., the amount of light emitted from the hole at each wavelength) will be continuous, and will not depend on the material in the cavity (compare with emission spectrum).
	www.bookrags.com /Black_body (2204 words)

	BB Radiation
		Herschel found that the heating effect increased toward the red and continued to increase as he moved the thermometer into the dark portion beyond the red end of the visible light spectrum, He found the maximum heating occurred considerably beyond the red, in the region we now call "infrared".
		A hot object emits radiation in a range of wavelengths of varying intensities.
		radiant exitance and this can be found by integrating the area under the graph.
	www.electro-optical.com /bb_rad/bb_rad.htm (439 words)

	The Planck Black Body Spectrum
		The concept of a fl body refers to the idealized perfect absorber or emitter of radiation which describes the radiation produced as a consequence of thermal activity.
		For any fl body the temperature T (in degrees Kelvin) is calculated by Planck's radiation law that uses the emittance at a given wavelength (meters).
		From the range of intensities I calculated the approximate temperatures using Planck's fl body radiation equation with respect to the range of wavelengths obtained from the spectrometer.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /~johnsonk (1397 words)

	Black body radiation
		A "fl body" is a theoretical perfect absorber, which absorbs radiation of all wavelengths falling on it.
		A thermopile or a bolometer can be used, as the fl body radiation emitted usually consists of infra red, light and ultra violet which all produce a heating effect.
		We may observe that the higher the temperature of a fl body, the more energy is emitted in each band of wavelengths.
	library.thinkquest.org /C007571/english/advance/background4.htm (302 words)

	Black Body Radiation
		Radiation impinging on the hole from outside enters the box and is absorbed as it is scattered around inside, so only a tiny fraction is re-emitted.
		A beam of radiation from the hole in the oven is passed through a diffraction grating and projected on to a screen, where it is separated out by wavelength (or equivalently frequency).
		The graphs of fl body radiation as a function of temperature were generated using an Excel spreadsheet.
	galileo.phys.virginia.edu /classes/252/black_body_radiation.html (3762 words)

	Health
		Among the most common health risks from overexposure to the sun’s UV radiation are sunburn, premature wrinkling and skin cancer.
		Shades of tan, brown, and fl are present.
		Chronic eye exposure to UV radiation may increase the incidence of cataract, which is a clouding of the eye lens; pterygium, in which fleshy membrane covers the eye; and possibly macular degeneration, or the development of spots that could result in blindness.
	www.iun.edu /~environw/health1.html (3378 words)

	Blackbody Spectrum
		The main parameter in these radiation laws is the temperature.
		The main graph is the intensity of the radiation of the flbody as a function of the wavelength,
		The red dot marks the power radiated for the current value of the temperature.
	lectureonline.cl.msu.edu /~mmp/applist/blackbody/black.htm (164 words)

	Pyrotechnics - Chemistry of Pyrotechnics, Basic principles, light production
		A fl body is an ideal emitter which is capable of absorbing and emitting all frequencies of radiation uniformly.
		Thus, we could obtain a twofold increase in radiation by merely increasing the flame temperature from, say 2000 K to 2400 K. Furthermore, the radiation also shifts from infrared to visible light as the temperature increases.
		Another problem with metals are their oxidation products, metal oxides, which are powerful grey body radiators due to their refractory nature.
	pyrotechnics.yaia.com /chemistry.html (1407 words)

	What is D-65 - photography production, digital photography workshops, photographic workshops, photography seminars, ...
		If a true fl object is heated, the color shifts from a beginning red glow to orange, yellow, white and eventually a bluish white.
		A tungsten light comes very close to being a pure fl body while fluorescent lights are often very green and flashes are often magenta.
		As the tempertature of a fl body increases there is a shift in the emitted radiation to shorter wavelengths.
	www.d-65.com /name.html (337 words)

	B - Glossary of chemical terms
		Black body radiation is the radiation emitted by a perfect fl body, i.e., a body which absorbs all radiation incident on it and reflects none.
		In radiation physics, an ideal flbody is a theoretical object that absorbs all the radiant energy falling upon it and emits it in the form of thermal radiation.
		Planck's radiation law gives the power radiated by a unit area of flbody, and the Stefan-Boltzman law expresses the total power radiated.
	www.ktf-split.hr /periodni/en/abc/b.html (927 words)

	(Q-4) Planck's constant: Radiation from Hot Objects
		Instead he wanted to explain the continuous spectrum emitted by hot solids--also known as "fl body spectrum" because it is supposedly emitted by an ideal hot object ("fl body") whose structure gives no special preference to any color (as happens with green grass, blue jeans and red bricks).
		It was through Planck's explanation of the fl body spectrum, a somewhat peripheral area of the theory of heat, that physics received its first indication of "quanta" of light with energy hν.
		A "fl body spectrum" is also expected in light from hot dense gases, where strong energy exchange exists among frequently colliding atoms.
	www.phy6.org /stargaze/Q4.htm (1776 words)

	Black-body radiation
		The radiation field inside the enclosure is isotropic (we are assuming that the hole is sufficiently small that it does not distort the field).
		It can be seen that the apparent colours (which correspond quite well to the colours of the peak radiation) scan the whole visible spectrum, from red to blue, as the stellar surface temperatures gradually rise.
		As the Universe expanded, the radiation was gradually Doppler shifted to ever larger wavelengths (in other words, the radiation did work against the expansion of the Universe, and, thereby, lost energy), but its spectrum remained invariant.
	farside.ph.utexas.edu /teaching/sm1/lectures/node84.html (559 words)

	Blackbody Radiation
		The Stefan-Boltzmann law predicts intensity output across varying wavelengths as a function of temperature.
		Our Sun is an example of a "real" flbody radiator.
		It's spectrum isn't as smooth as the "ideal" and is pitted and bumpy due to real-world conditions (including, but not limited to, absorption of the radiation en route to the earth).
	webphysics.davidson.edu /alumni/MiLee/java/bb_mjl.htm (221 words)

	Nuclear physics
		The alpha radiation is the most dangerous of the three types of radiation, but a sheet of paper is enough to protect oneself.
		Everyone knows that strong radiation is not good fot the health, but we use radioactive materials for nuclear power plants ans nuclear weapons (Chapter 4) for example.
		Where the photo plate becomes fl the X-rays goes throught our body, there where the photo plate stays transparent the X-rays do not pass our body.
	www.hpwt.de /Kern2e.htm (1674 words)

	Colour-Temperature; blackbody radiation visualisation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Spectral distribution (including colour) of the light from a quartz-halogen lightbulb is similar to a fl body source at 3200K, and is therefore well-approximated by the Planck Law.
		Light from the sun, measured in space, is close to fl body radiation characteristic of temperatures around 5000-6500K.
		Black body sources (approximately any filament bulb or sunlight - but not fluorescent lamps, in general) emit a smooth distribution of wavelengths across the visible spectrum, which means that our eyes and visual system can reliably distinguish colours of non-luminous objects.
	www.techmind.org /colour/coltemp.html (912 words)

	1.7 Black Body Radiation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A fl body is matter which absorbs all electro-magnetic energy incident upon it and does not reflect nor transmit any energy.
		Black body radiation is defined as thermal radiation of a fl body, and can be given by Plank's law as a function of temperature T and wavelength as shown in Figure 1.7.1 and Table 1.7.1.
		The temperature of the fl body which radiates the same radiant energy as an observed object is called the brightness temperature of the object.
	www.profc.udec.cl /~gabriel/tutoriales/rsnote/cp1/cp1-7.htm (363 words)

	ESA Science & Technology: Stellar Radiation & Stellar Types
		Astronomers consider stars to be an example of a fl body - the term given to a perfect radiator and absorber of energy, with no reflecting power.
		Black body radiation is the radiation emitted from a body that is in a thermo-dynamic equilibrium.
		The concept of a fl body is a theoretical one (a perfect absorber and radiator is thought not to exist in reality) but deep inside, a star is probably as close to these conditions as anywhere else.
	sci.esa.int /science-e/www/object/index.cfm?fobjectid=35774&fbodylongid=1696 (230 words)

	Blundell Harling, F5100, Black body radiation rule
		Whilst initially this form of radiation appeared to be well understood it was found that the classic equations, due to Maxwell, broke down at the opposite end of the spectrum - this was called the ultraviolet catastrophe.
		He showed that the pattern of radiation could be explained if radiation did not vary as a continuous function but as discrete quanta of energy.
		Using the wavelength scale and scale l it possible to calculated the total energy between any pair of wavelengths; for a value of 3 microns the proportion of energy from 0 to that wavelength is 0.205 and for 5 microns the equivalent figure is 0.565.
	www.sliderules.clara.net /collection/specialised/9930-radiation.htm (397 words)

	Atomic Spectra
		The intensity of the radiation depends both on the nature of the surface of the body and on the temperature of the body.
		A good approximation to an ideal fl body is a small hole drilled into the side of a closed box.
		The power radiated is not uniformly distributed over all wavelengths, but depends upon the wavelength in a way shown in Figure 1, which displays the power radiated per unit area per unit wavelength interval as a function of the emitted wavelength.
	jpsi.ma.psu.edu /~mad10/phys214/blackbody/Lab6.htm (930 words)

	Black Body
		Every object emits flbody radiation although you do not normally notice it because our eyes are only sensitive to a very small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
		It's spectrum isn't as smooth as the "ideal" (it is pitted and bumpy due to real-world conditions including, but not limited to, absorption of the radiation en route to the earth) but it is close enough.
		The total energy radiated by a fl body increases dramatically with temperature, however, the scale is automatically changed to highlight the change in color.
	cat.sckans.edu /physics/black_body.htm (340 words)

	Black body radiation [Archive] - Science Forums
		Most of the intensity of EM radiation emmited by a person's body due to its own temperature 300K is at the frequency range of infrared region, and negligible intensity of EM radiation emmited is in the visible light region.
		The Planck's law of flbody radiation is independent of the property of the flbody material unless its atomic structure of material is degenerate, as in the case of neutron stars.
		and since Black Body spectra are dependant only on the temperature of the object, and not on anything else, such as colour or material properties of the materials emitting the spectrum, then we adjust the temperature in the calculations in order to find the temperature that produces the same spectral profile.
	www.scienceforums.net /forum/archive/index.php/t-7507.html (1025 words)

	Black-body Radiation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The electromagnetic radiation that would be radiated from an ideal fl body; the distribution of energy in the radiated spectrum of a fl body depends only on temperature and is determined by Planck's radiation law.
		The electromagnetic radiation emitted by an ideal fl body; it is the theoretical maximum amount of radiant energy of all wavelengths which can be emitted by a body at a given temperature.The spectral distribution of fl-body radiation is described by Planck law and the related radiation laws.
		If a very tiny opening is made into an otherwise completely enclosed space (hohlraum), the radiation passing out through this hole when the walls of the enclosure have come to thermal equilibrium at some temperature will closely approximate ideal fl-body radiation for that temperature.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /definition/english/bl/black-body_radiation.html (246 words)

	Black Body (Re)radiation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A flbody is a body that emits radiation according to Plank's Law.
		The distribution of radiation within a flbody (think of it as a small hole in a large can) depends only upon the temperature of the body and not on its composition or "color".
		When you refer to a "fl vs. white body" you mean what is the distribution of wavelengths of light that are REFLECTED by an object.
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/phy00/phy00507.htm (481 words)

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