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	Blanche Bruce Summary
		Bruce continued to be a leader of the Republican party in Mississippi in the 1880s, often speaking from the same platform with white political friends and opponents, and he was a trustee of Howard University.
		Bruce's political rise in Mississippi was swift: he became an assessor (one who appraises the value of property for local tax purposes) for Bolivar County in 1871, was named county sheriff in 1872, and won a place on a state board that supervised tax assessors that year.
		Bruce represented Mississippi as a U.S. Senator from 1875 to 1881 and was the first fl to serve a full term in the Senate.
	www.bookrags.com /Blanche_Kelso_Bruce (2336 words)

	Blanche Bruce - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bruce represented Mississippi as a U.S. Senator from 1875 to 1881 and was the first fl to serve a full term in the Senate.
		Bruce was born in Farmville, Virginia to a fl slave mother and a white plantation owner, and was educated just as his legitimate half-brother was.
		Bruce later served as the recorder of deeds for Washington, DC, and again register of the Treasury until his death in 1898.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Blanche_Bruce (269 words)

	OpinionJournal - Leisure & Arts
		Among the candidates was Blanche Bruce, 39-year-old senator from Mississippi and a key player in the party.
		Blanche's ascent was complete when the state legislature elected him in 1874 to a full term in the U.S. Senate.
		The Bruces were the first fl couple to make the society columns of white papers in Washington, enjoying the trappings of Gilded Age gentility in their four-story townhouse on M Street.
	www.opinionjournal.com /la/?id=110008641 (1073 words)

	Blanche Kelso Bruce (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Bruce escaped slavery at the opening of the Civil War and attempted to enlist in the Union Army.
		Bruce formally entered the Senate on March 5, 1875, and was elected to three committees: Pensions; Manufactures; and Education and Labor.
		Bruce became a lecturer, an author of magazine articles, and was superintendent of the exhibit on fl achievement at the World's Cotton Exposition in New Orleans during 1884-1885.
	www.csusm.edu /Black_Excellence/documents/pg-b-bruce.html (837 words)

	Alumnus leaves legacy of success \| Kansan.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Blanche Ketene Bruce was the first African American to graduate from the University of Kansas.
		Bruce was born in 1861 in Brunswick, Mo., and was named after his uncle Blanche Kelso Bruce who later became the first African-American U.S. senator from Mississippi.
		Bruce died on Nov. 20,1952 while living with his daughter Erma in Baltimore, Md. His body was moved to Leavenworth where he is buried in Mt. Muncie cemetery along with his wife, his two daughters and Polly.
	www.kansan.com /stories/2005/feb/15/news_campus_alumnus (660 words)

	section4
		Unlike Revels, Blanche K. Bruce (1841-1898) was born a slave.
		Bruce was taken to Missouri in 1850, and in the early days of the Civil War escaped to Kansas, where he established the state's first school for African American children.
		Bruce came to Mississippi in 1868 with 75 cents to his name, and launched a successful political career in Bolivar county, where he served as sheriff and tax collector, and edited a local newspaper.
	www.digitalhistory.uh.edu /reconstruction/section4/section4_bruce.html (144 words)

	Blanche Kelso Bruce
		In February 1874, the Mississippi legislature elected Bruce to the United States Senate.Bruce formally entered the Senate on March 5, 1875, and was elected to three committees: Pensions; Manufactures; and Education and Labor.
		Bruce also appealed for the desegregation of United States Army units and for a Senate inquiry into the violent Mississippi elections of 1875.
		In 1888 Bruce received eleven votes for vice president at the convention that nominated Benjamin Harrison.Harrison, as president, appointed Bruce recorder of deeds for the District of Columbia in 1889.
	joe_kelso.tripod.com /lettersandhistories/bioblanchekelsobruce.htm (734 words)

	Blanche Bruce - Education - Information - Educational Resources - Encyclopedia - Music
		Bruce was born in Farmville, Virginia to a fl slave mother and a white plantation owner, and was educated just as his legitimate half-brother was.
		In February 1874, Bruce was elected to the Senate as a Republican.
		Bruce later served as the recorder of deeds for Washington, DC, and again register of the Treasury until his death in 1898.
	www.music.us /education/B/Blanche-Bruce.htm (491 words)

	Reader's Companion to American History - -BRUCE, BLANCHE K. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Although he was born a slave in Virginia, Blanche Bruce's childhood was relatively benign, and he shared a tutor with his master's son.
		Bruce became involved in Reconstruction politics as a Republican organizer among the freedmen on plantations, and in 1870 he was selected sergeant-at-arms of the Mississippi state senate.
		Despite the failure of Reconstruction, Bruce continued to subscribe to the idea that the best hope for the freedmen was their assimilation into white society.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/rcah/html/ah_012800_bruceblanche.htm (665 words)

	Kansans of African Descent
		Blanche Bruce, born in Missouri in 1859, was the first Black to graduate from the University of Kansas [1885].
		Bruce was born into slavery in Virginia in 1841.
		Blanche Bruce was credited with organizing the first school in the country for Negroes.
	www.kshs.org /people/african_americans.htm (3280 words)

	Blanche Kelso Bruce
		Bruce escaped slavery at the opening of the Civil War and attempted to enlist in the Union Army.
		Bruce formally entered the Senate on March 5, 1875, and was elected to three committees: Pensions; Manufactures; and Education and Labor.
		Bruce became a lecturer, an author of magazine articles, and was superintendent of the exhibit on fl achievement at the World's Cotton Exposition in New Orleans during 1884-1885.
	www.dogonvillage.com /Tidbits/bruce.htm (839 words)

	U.S. Senate: Art & History Home > Historical Minutes > 1878-1920 > Former Slave Presides over Senate
		Blanche Bruce's Senate service got off to a sour start when Mississippi's other senator, James Alcorn, refused to escort him to the front of the chamber to take his oath of office.
		As Bruce started down the aisle alone, New York Republican Roscoe Conkling moved to his side and completed the journey to the rostrum.
		It was during a heated debate on a bill to exclude Chinese immigrants that Bruce made history at the presiding officer's desk.
	www.senate.gov /artandhistory/history/minute/Former_Slave_Presides_Over_Senate.htm (417 words)

	HBF Core Collection - Detail for object 5006
		Narrative: The signatures are those of Blanche K. Bruce, Register of the Treasury, and Ellis H. Roberts, Treasurer of the United States.
		Blanch K. Bruce probably came from one of the most unusual backgrounds of any person ever to hold the office of Register of the Treasury.
		Bruce served two terms as Register of the Treasury, from 1881 to 1885, and again from December 1897 until his death on March 17, 1898.
	www.harrybassfoundation.org /objectdetail.asp?id=5006 (213 words)

	Aetna: African American History Calendar: 1989: Blanche Kelso Bruce (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Born a slave in Virginia, Bruce received a formal early education from the private tutor assigned to teach his owner's son, despite the state ban against educating slaves.
		During Bruce's last few years in office, the political involvement and voting power of fls had been sharply curtailed, especially in Mississippi.
		Bruce realized he would not be reelected to the Senate, and accepted the post of registrar of the Treasury.
	www.aetna.com /foundation/aahcalendar/1989bruce.html (333 words)

	A A World . Reference Room . Articles . Blanche K(Elso) Bruce \| PBS
		The son of a slave mother and white planter father, Bruce was well educated as a youth.
		In 1874 Mississippi's Republican-dominated state legislature elected Bruce, a Republican, to a seat in the U.S. Senate.
		Bruce lost his political base in Mississippi with the end of Reconstruction governments in the South.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/aaworld/reference/articles/blanche_kelso_bruce.html (272 words)

	The third black senator since when? - By Brendan I. Koerner - Slate Magazine
		A sheriff, tax collector, and education official from the Delta, Bruce was elected by the legislature in 1874.
		Instead, Bruce was accompanied by Roscoe Conkling of New York; the two became fast friends, and Bruce later named his only child after Conkling.
		Bruce performed admirably in the Senate, heading a landmark investigation into banking fraud and advocating railroad construction.
	www.slate.com /id/2104463 (580 words)

	African American Journey. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Blanche Kelso Bruce (1841-1898), became the first fl to serve a full term in the United States Senate.
		Bruce, whose mother was a slave, was born near Farmville, Va. He spent his childhood in slavery and was educated by plantation tutors.
		Shortly after the Civil War began in 1861, Bruce escaped to Kansas, a free state.
	www.worldbook.com /features/aajourney_new/html/aa_3_h_bruce.shtml (142 words)

	Marshall Heights Community Development Organization, Inc. (MHCDO)
		Blanche K. Bruce was born a slave in 1841.
		In 1875, Bruce was elected to the U.S. Senate and served until 1881.
		He held several political positions in Washington, D.C., and was a trustee of Howard University and of the public schools of the District of Columbia.
	www.mhcdo.org /noteworthy_interments.htm (375 words)

	Bios of African Americans in History - EnchantedLearning.com
		Bruce, B. Blanche Kelso Bruce (March 1, 1841-1898) was the first African-American who served a full term in the U.S. Senate.
		Senator Bruce was born a slave on the Farmville Plantation, Virginia.
		Bruce was a Republican senator representing Mississippi; he served from March 5, 1875 until March 3, 1881.
	www.enchantedlearning.com /history/us/aframer/bios (2798 words)

	PH@School: Biographies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Blanche K. Bruce, born a slave, was the first African American to serve a full term in the U.S. Senate.
		Early Years Blanche Bruce (1841–1898) was born into slavery in Virginia in 1841.
		Bruce worked as a field hand and printer's apprentice, and moved with his owner's family to Missouri.
	www.phschool.com /atschool/biographies/bruce.html (341 words)

	International Risk Assessment
		Blanche International currently provides a consultancy service specialising in political and boundary dispute assessments, risk analysis and acreage assessment for both the public nd private sectors.
		Blanche International are contributors to a major defence journal and have both political and militry contacts.
		Bruce Blanche is a member of the Royal United services Institute for Defence Studies of Whitehall, London.
	www.electronicjournals.co.uk /Intri.html (345 words)

	Senator Blanche K. Bruce \| MetaFilter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Senator Blanche K. Bruce was the first fl person to serve a full term in the United States Senate (representing Mississippi from 1875 to 1881), and the first person born into slavery to preside over the Senate.
		I love the portrait - it captures Bruce as he probably was, a highly intelligent man of iron determination.
		Bruce is buried in D.C.'s abandoned and long-neglected Woodlawn Cemetery, along with a host of other African-American notables.
	www.metafilter.com /mefi/22363 (1204 words)

	Signed Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The document is a deed for a parcel of land in the District.
		Bruce was the second African-American to serve in the United States Senate (after Hiram T. Revels) and was the first ex-slave, and the first African-American to serve a full term in the Senate (as well as the last for 85 years until the election of Edward Brooke of Massachusetts in 1966).
		Bruce served in that office until 1895 and then returned to his previous position in the Treasury Department.
	www.betweenthecovers.com /display.php?id=73349 (224 words)

	African American Registry: Blanche K. Bruce, one of Mississippi's first Black Senators. . .
		From Prince Edward County, Virginia, the son of a slave mother and white planter father, Blanche K (elso) Bruce was well educated as a youth.
		In 1874, Mississippi’s Republican-dominated State legislature elected Bruce, a Republican, to a seat in the U.S. Senate.
		Bruce lost his political base in Mississippi with the end of Reconstruction governments in the South.
	www.aaregistry.com /african_american_history/725/Blanche_K_Bruce_Mississippis_first_Black_Senator (286 words)

	AMAsearchdetail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Blanche K. Bruce was an escaped slave who was active in government during Reconstruction.
		From 1875 to 1881 Bruce represented Louisiana in the U.S. Senate.
		After Bruce's term ended, no African American was elected to the Senate for eighty-five years.
	www.fofweb.com /onfiles/ama/amasearchdetail.asp?recordpin=5118 (48 words)

	U.S. Senate: Art & History Home > Paintings > Blanche Kelso Bruce
		Born into slavery in 1841, Blanche Kelso Bruce became the first African American to serve a full term in the U.S. Senate, as well as the first African American to preside over the Senate.
		One of 11 children, Bruce was born near Farmville, Virginia, and was taken to Mississippi and Missouri by his owner.
		In the Senate, Bruce was a member of the committees on Pensions, Manufactures, and Education and Labor.
	www.senate.gov /artandhistory/art/artifact/Painting_32_00039.htm (686 words)

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