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Topic: Blazar

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	Blazar
		Blazars are thought to be active galaxy nuclei, not very different from quasars, with jets directly pointing to the observer.
		From this interpretation follows that blazars are in the center of an otherwise normal galaxy, and are probably powered by a supermassive fl hole.
		The main one is that at least some blazar are the result of gravitational lensing, where a massive nearby object acts as a lens on a distant one.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/bl/Blazar.html (448 words)

	Blazar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Blazars are among the most violent phenomena in the universe and are an important topic in extragalactic astronomy.
		Blazars are AGN with a relativistic jet that is pointing in the general direction of the Earth.
		Blazars were highly represented among these early quasars, and indeed the first redshift was found for 3C 273 — a highly variable quasar which is also a blazar.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Blazar (1585 words)

	Blazar Jets Push Closer to Cosmic Speed Limit
		Blazars are active galactic nuclei -- energetic regions surrounding massive fl holes at the centers of galaxies.
		Piner and his colleagues observed the blazars again in 2002 and 2003 with much longer observations, and were able to confirm the high-speed motions in the faint blazar jets.
		Based on other properties of blazars, the scientists believe that their interpretation of the data is accurate and that they have measured the extremely fast speeds in the three blazar jets.
	www.nrao.edu /pr/2005/fastblazars (804 words)

	W_Com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Blazar "W Com" was observed for a 15-day period in June, 2003, and it was found to fade smoothly over a 0.42 magnitude range until an abrupt rise on June 19.
		The blazar is circled and AAVSO suggested reference stars are shown as numbers (10 times their visual magnitude; for example, the star to the lower-left of the blazar has Mv = 12.1).
		The trend of blazar magnitude with time during this 1.7 hour period can be discounted since it is most likely due to changes in air mass (from 1.08 to 1.41) and the use of reference stars having a different color from the blazar.
	reductionism.net.seanic.net /Astrophotos/BLAZARS/w_com.htm (5641 words)

	BLAZAR MUSIC
		Blazars are believed to be distant galaxies in the process of formation.
		The radiation in the optical through radio region of the spectrum of Blazars is almost certainly synchrotron emission.
		The timing of the observations is actually a convolution of the actual magnitude variations and the observing times, thus this is actually not what the Blazar "sounds" like, but a window into the character of its variations.
	www.fiu.edu /~webbj/blazarmus.html (872 words)

	SPACE.com -- Massive Black Hole Stumps Researchers
		A blazar refers to a type of quasar, a bright galaxy with an active supermassive fl hole at its core.
		Because the blazar is so distant, there are no nearby neighbors to scan for potential gravitational effects, and much of its radiation is absorbed by gas and dust lying between it and the Earth, Romani said.
		The blazar found by Romani and his colleagues is one of about 200 they have catalogued to date in preparation for the Gamma Ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST) planned for launch in 2007.
	www.space.com /scienceastronomy/heavy_blazar_040628.html (1025 words)

	Blazar in the Web - BL Lac, blazar, quasar, agn, variability, monitoring, jet emission, multiwavelenght, X-ray ...
		Blazars are a subset of the Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN or active galaxies).
		BLAZAR Data was an Electronic Journal dedicated to the rapid dissemination of observational researches on Blazars.
		OJ-94 project and a section dedicated to the KVA and 1m-Tuorla monitoring of blazars in the optical.
	astro.fisica.unipg.it /blazarsintheweb.htm (880 words)

	Blazing Photos - Blazing Images - Blazing Graphics - St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands
		Blazar is the exclusive distributor of Kodak products in the Virgin Islands, and maintains a warehouse on St. Thomas and one on St. Croix.
		Blazar points out that they do incentive work for a number of corporations, but their largest by far is GE Capital.
		Blazar says he is very pleased that Blazing Photos has a team of people, all local, who have contributed to the company's success.
	www.blazingphotos.com /article.html (1090 words)

	Bruce Blazar, M.D. - Pediatrics Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Medical School, at the University of Minnesota
		Blazar is a Professor of Pediatrics in the Division of Hematology-Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation and attends on the Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation (BMT) service.
		Blazar is the recipient of the Andersen Chair in Transplantation Immunology to recognize his pioneering work in the development of novel immune-based therapies.
		Blazar is the recipient of an NIH MERIT Award and is the principal investigator of several other NIH funded studies focusing on BMT immunological studies.
	www.med.umn.edu /peds/bmt/faculty/bruceblazar/home.html (1086 words)

	Resilience Corporation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Blazar model 60 delivers DID with the throughput and expandability needed by the largest enterprises.
		Blazar 60 delivers the best price/performance and ease of ownership in its class for the lowest total cost of ownership in the industry.
		Blazar is the last network infrastructure scanning solution you'll ever buy for your network.
	www.resilience.com /solutions/Blazar/Blazar60.html (556 words)

	Beverly Blazar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Beverly A. Blazar, a specialist in immunology with particular interest in viral immunology, is a member of the Department of Biological Sciences at Wellesley College.
		While at Wellesley she was a visiting professor in the Department of Infectious Disease at the Dana Farber Cancer Center in Boston, MA and a visiting professor in the Department of Microbiology at the Hebrew University-Hadassah Hospital Medical School in Jerusalem, Israel.
		Blazar's professional affiliation include the American Association of Immunologists, the Epstein-Barr Virus Association, the American Association for Cancer Research, the Clinical Immunology Society, The American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Society for Microbiology and the Wellesley Chapter of Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society.
	www.wellesley.edu /PublicAffairs/Profile/af/bblazar.html (314 words)

	High Energy Blazar Astronomy
		The blazar PKS 2155-304 (z=0.116) is one of the brightest and most intensively studied prototype of BL Lac objects.
		The existence of rapid light variations in some blazars is a well confirmed phenomena, but until now is not clear what are the physical mechanisms involved, mainly due the absence of simultaneous multiwavelength observations, which could constrain the models.
		The results of a program to monitor the structure of the radio emission in 42 gamma-ray blazars reveal that the apparent superluminal motions in gamma-ray sources are much faster than for the general population of bright compact radio sources (proper motions are determined in 33 sources).
	www.astro.utu.fi /conf/HEBA/Abstracts.html (6596 words)

	'Blazar' illuminates era when stars and galaxies formed
		In preparation for a mission that is scheduled to launch in 2007, the co-authors have surveyed 200 blazars; eventually they hope to survey 2,000.
		To find out how far away the blazar was, Romani and Sowards-Emmerd used the Hobby-Eberly Telescope (HET), an optical instrument in a remote part of Texas, to obtain spectral patterns of visible and infrared light.
		The Hobby-Eberly Telescope told the researchers that the red shift of their blazar was 5.5.
	www.stanford.edu /dept/news/pr/2004/blazar-77.html (1388 words)

	blazar
		Blazars are characterized by strong, compact, flat-spectrum radio emission.
		In the early 1990s, the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory was used to discover a new class of blazar known as a gamma-ray blazar, whose members appear to have gamma-ray-emitting jets that are more tightly bound than the usual radio jets.
		These gamma ray-loud blazars may also be a major source of the cosmic diffuse background above energies of about 100 MeV.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/B/blazar.html (203 words)

	SPACE.com -- Blazing Speed: The Fastest Stuff in the Universe
		Among thee speed demons of the universe are Jupiter-sized blobs of hot gas embedded in streams of material ejected from hyperactive galaxies known as blazars.
		In another study presented at the meeting, ultra high-energy cosmic rays thought to originate in a collision of galaxy clusters are slamming into Earth's atmosphere at more than 99.9 percent of the speed of light.
		In the case of a blazars, it appears a fl hole is involved.
	www.space.com /scienceastronomy/blazing_speed_050118.html (830 words)

	Blazars, AAVSO
		The way to use this graph is to ask "What blazars can be best observed in October?" To find out, convert October 15 to a month value of 10.5, then imagine drawing a horizontal line that intersects the left side at 10.5.
		A more difficult problem is posed by blazars whose galactic emission is bright enough to affect the blazar magnitude measurement.
		The following blazars (in the above list) should be dealt with very cautiosuly due to their galactic emission: 1058+38 (Mark421) and 1650+39 (Mark 501).
	brucegary.net /blazar/x.htm (550 words)

	AAVSO: High Energy Network: Blazars
		A blazar is a quasar with its jet pointed straight at us.
		One of the unique aspects of blazars is that they emit energy all across the spectrum so they are one of the few objects that astronomers can study at all wavelengths at the same time.
		Blazar & GTN Presentation HTML version of talk given at the 91st Spring Meeting by Dr. Gordon Spear.
	www.aavso.org /observing/programs/hen/blazar.shtml (362 words)

	AAVSO: BL Lac, January 2001 Variable Star of the Month
		Even later, in the late 90's, the blazar definition was loosened because BL Lac lost one of its earlier defining characteristics (a faint absorption line was detected where it was previously thought blazars had none) and they didn't want blazars to lose their most famous member!
		Careful study of BL Lac and other blazars can help support or refute the widely accepted unified theory of AGN, which says that all AGN are basically the same - the differences are caused only in their orientation to our point of view.
		The high energy and variability of blazars give us direct evidence for the support of massive fl holes at the center of galaxies and help us pinpoint the size of their accretion disks.
	www.aavso.org /vstar/vsots/0101.shtml (1395 words)

	BLAZAR JETS PUSH CLOSER TO COSMIC SPEED LIMIT
		WHITTIER, CA (January 12, 2005)—Astronomers using the National Science Foundation's Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) have discovered jets of plasma blasted from the cores of distant galaxies at speeds within one-tenth of one percent of the speed of light, placing these plasma jets among the fastest objects yet seen in the Universe.
		This sequence of images shows plasma moving away from the core of a blazar called 0827+243.
		The blazar's "core" is the bright red dot at right; the plasma is the blue object to the left.
	www.whittier.edu /pr/rls.blazar_jets.html (934 words)

	Blazar
		Steven Blazar, MD, graduated from Brown University School of Medicine in 1982 and specializes in spine surgery.
		Blazar received his orthopedic surgery residency training at the University of Massachusetts in 1987 and completed his fellowship in spine surgery at the New England Baptist in 1988.
		Blazar is board-certified and recently became one of the first orthopedic surgeons in Rhode Island to be certified to perform total disc replacement surgery.
	www.lifespan.org /tmh/services/orthopedics/physicians/blazar.htm (97 words)

	Focus On Markarian 421
		Technically, Markarian 421 is a BL Lacertae object, which is a class of Blazar.
		The magnitude of the blazar varies from around 12.5 to nearly 13.5 over the course of about a month.
		This fuzz is the galaxy of which the blazar is the bright, star-like core.
	www.skyhound.com /sh/archive/mar/Markarian_421.html (1010 words)

	DXRBS - Deep X-Ray Radio Blazar Survey
		The authors state that their survey has been found to be ~95% efficient at finding flat-spectrum radio-loud quasars (FSRQs; 59 of their first 85 identifications) and BL Lacertae objects (22 of their first 85 identifications), a figure that is comparable to or greater than that achieved by other radio and X-ray survey techniques.
		The DXRBS is the very first sample to contain statistically significant numbers of blazars at low luminosities, approaching what should be the lower end of the FSRQ luminosity function.
		The offset of the X-ray source identified as a blazar or FSRQ from the center of the PSPC field of view, in arcminutes.
	heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov /W3Browse/all/dxrbs.html (1125 words)

	Massive "Blazar" Black Hole Sheds Light On Big Bang
		Distant blazars seem to dominate the gamma-ray sky and can obscure other objects of interest.
		The co-authors have surveyed 200 blazars and they eventually hope to survey 2,000.
		This will help illuminate the matter between the supermassive fl hole and Earth, clarify the fl hole's size and characterize the jet's material as it moves away from the fl hole at nearly the speed of light.
	www.scienceagogo.com /news/20040520214721data_trunc_sys.shtml (1976 words)

	BLAZAR MONITORING AT THE TORINO ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORY
		The Torino blazar monitoring program was started in November 1994 at the Torino Astronomical Observatory with the principal aim of observing gamma-ray loud blazars.
		Observations are done in the Johnson's BV and Cousins' RI bands with the 1.05 m REOSC reflector of the Torino Observatory.
		The Torino researchers study the multiwavelength emission variability of blazars from both the observational and the theoretical point of view.
	www.to.astro.it /blazars (127 words)

	Research by BU blazar group
		The Boston University Blazar Group maintains a vigorous research program that explores the nonthermal emission from the relativistic jets of blazars.
		For an introduction to quasars, blazars, and the group's research program, view Alan Marscher's presentation of January 29, 2002 (PDF format) at the Boston University Department of Physics colloquium.
		The research of the Blazar Group is funded by the National Science Foundation (see statement and disclaimer below) and NASA.
	www.bu.edu /blazars/research.html (384 words)

	First Downloadable Commercial GP2X Mobile Game Launched Worldwide
		The game ‘Blazar’ is created by Elements Interactive, the award winning studio behind the popular cross platform mobile games library EDGELIB.
		Blazar is the first of a series of GP2X games that will be created by Elements Interactive to satisfy the appetite of GP2X console gamers who have until now been confined to mostly emulated retro games on this highly capable and commercially untapped linux based device.
		With this library, developers can now port their titles to the GP2X with minimal hassle, and open up their intellectual property to a new market of gamers,” said Danny Hoffman, CEO of Elements Interactive.
	www.prweb.com /releases/2006/10/prweb446507.htm (596 words)

	The Blazar List - The Perugia BL Lac, quasar & blazar list, optical observation, variability, finding chart, light ...
		This instrument is now dedicated to the monitoring of a sample of about 40 blazars, quasars, and BL Lac objects with the principal aims of searching for possible typical time scales and spectral variability.
		In 8 years of blazar monitoring, we have collected more than 22000 photometric points (till the year 2000), contributing to get the largest existing database on many sources.
		In the last three column we have reported blazar finding chart, light curve in R band, and NED page.
	astro.fisica.unipg.it /PGblazar/tabella2000.htm (288 words)

	The SCAE group Blazar database - BL Lac, quasar & blazar list, optical observation, variability, finding chart, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		These instruments are now dedicated to the monitoring of a sample of about 20 blazars, quasars, and BL Lac objects with the principal aims of searching for possible typical time scales and spectral variability.
		From 1996 to 2000 the observations were performed also with the Cassegrain Telescope of Monte Porzio Catone (RM): this telescope has collected also some data in the Arizona filters F72, F80, F86 and F99.
		In six years of blazar monitoring, we have collected about 18500 photometric points, contributing to get the largest existing database on many sources.
	astro1.phys.uniroma1.it /nesci/paginahtml/pagwebarc.html (372 words)

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