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	Blended Wing Body - New Concept in Passenger Aircraft
		A more promising alternative would be to take the basic wing structure, as described, graft a central tubular fuselage extending ahead and behind its center section on it, remove the hybrid laminar flow control outer wing panels and replace them with inward and rear-facing smaller horizontal winglets located at the tips of standard vertical winglets.
		Unlike standard configurations, the blended wing's outboard leading edge slats are the only high lift devices required and, because the three buried engines aft of the central wing structure ingest the wing's boundary layer airflow, effective ram drag is also reduced.
		Since the wing blending hides most of the trapezoidal wing within the centerbody of the aircraft, the cost of wing area on drag is greatly lessened.
	www.twitt.org /bldwing.htm (2981 words)

	NASA - Blended Wing Body Fact Sheet
		NASA and its industry partners are investigating a blended wing aircraft concept for potential use as a future air transport for both civilian and military applications.
		The basic concept for a blended wing body was first developed decades ago and variations of it have been used in the famous B-2 bomber (a blended wing) and the lesser-known YB-49 (a pure flying wing from the 1940’s).
		The primary goals of the research are to study the flight and handling characteristics of the BWB design, match the vehicle's performance with engineering predictions based on computer and wind tunnel studies, develop and evaluate digital flight controls, and assess the integration of the propulsion system to the airframe.
	www.nasa.gov /centers/langley/news/factsheets/FS-2003-11-81-LaRC.html (641 words)

	X-48 Blended Wing Body (BWB)
		The futuristic airframe is a unique merger of efficient high-lift wings and a wide airfoil-shaped body, causing the entire aircraft to generate lift and minimize drag, thereby increasing fuel economy.
		The primary goals of the test and research project are to study the flight and handling characteristics of the BWB design, match the vehicle's performance with engineering predictions based on computer and wind tunnel studies, develop and evaluate digital flight control algorithms, and assess the integration of the propulsion system to the airframe.
		The X-48B prototypes have been dynamically scaled to represent a much larger aircraft and are being used to demonstrate that a blended wing body is as controllable and safe during takeoff, approach, and landing as a conventional military transport airplane.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/systems/aircraft/x-48.htm (1783 words)

	NDM Article - Sidebar: Blended Wing Body Jet Safer and More Efficient, Claims Boeing
		The efficiencies of the blended wing body design, explained Muellner in a briefing to reporters, come from greater range and fuel economy, lower manufacturing costs and greater reliability and safety.
		A commercial family of airplanes would use the same wings and vary the number of fuselage domes, which are shipping container-sized structures, said Muellner.
		A blended wing, he said, makes more efficient use of space and “can carry a lot of fuel.” The aerodynamic configuration, he added, makes it 20 percent more fuel efficient than conventional wing airplanes.
	www.nationaldefensemagazine.org /issues/2000/Oct/Blended_Wing.htm (381 words)

	NASA Flying Wing Model Soars In Historic Wind Tunnel
		Technicians have installed a five-percent scale model of a blended wing body in the Langley Full-Scale Tunnel at NASA's Langley Research Center in Hampton, Va. During tests in the tunnel's huge 30X60 foot test section, pilots "flew" the 12-foot wingspan, 80-pound model.
		Researchers say a blended wing body could be useful as a multi-role aircraft for the military, including functioning as a tanker, cargo or transport plane.
		The blended wing body doesn't have a conventional airplane tail, used to control pitch (up and down) and yaw (side to side) motions.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/aerospace-05zzp.html (546 words)

	Blended wing body (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		This one is to league together and where it is possible the integration of diverse tools of the analysis and design of the low or high fidelity in a single integrated process of the design and the optimization based on single data, defined well of the product it models.
		The second part of the project is the definition and the development of a mixed configuration of the position of the body of the wing.
		The development of a wing of the flight or a mixed body of the wing is an exceptional example so that a multidisciplinary problem of the design is solved by an integrated tool of design.
	blended.mig29here.com /blended-wing-body.htm (698 words)

	Al Bowers - Blended Wing Body - Design Challenges for the 21st Century
		Since the BWB was originally a McDonnell Douglas design, the outer wing sections were based on the DC-12 which was never produced because of the buyout by Boeing.
		The wing does have slats on the leading edge, however, they do not have actuators so are locked in a fixed position depending on the type of test to be conducted.
		The BWB is a high-risk, high-payoff conceptual platform and it is felt NASA’s involvement is appropriate.
	www.twitt.org /BWBBowers.html (5527 words)

	Atlantica Blended Wing Body
		The ballistic chute switch was activated by the impact, causing the chute to fire and inflate, and the winds and gusts stopped the forward slide of the Atlantica and dragged it about 200 feet backwards and off the side of the runway.
		The fixed landing gear were sheared off by the impact, both wings suffering cracks and damage from the gear being sheared off.
		The main body suffered minor damage, mostly due to impact with the collapsing front gear, and abrasions from the slide along the runway.
	www.wingco.com (325 words)

	Blended Wing Body Technology Study
		The blended-wing-body (BWB) configuration is a very large subsonic transport with a design payload of 800 passengers, a 7000-n.mi.
		The BWB synergistically combines a rigid, wide airfoil-shaped fuselage with high-aspect-ratio wings and buried engines with a common integrated nacelle.
		Because the BWB configuration is such an extremely integrated design, a multidisciplinary optimization (MDO) process will be utilized extensively to address technical issues in configuration design, aerodynamics, structures, propulsion, and flight mechanics.
	www-psao.grc.nasa.gov /asao.bwb.html (207 words)

	Fighters, Bombers and Recon RE:Blended Wing Body is not simply blending. was:Boeing proposes Megabomber ...
		Blended Wing Body is not a specific program, it is a specific aerodynamic configuration (just as a tail-less delta would be a description of the configuration shared by the F-106, Mirage III and B-58).
		And yes, Blended Wing Body is a configuration that is fairly similar to a pure flying wing, but the configuration's proponents would argue that it is distinct from previous aircraft configurations.
		So even though the B-2, Moonbat, Rafale, F-16 and B-1 all have blended surfaces connecting their wing and body, none of these are Blended Wing Body aircraft.
	www.strategypage.com /messageboards/messages/6-7680.asp (1074 words)

	The Blended Wing Body
		NASA is planning to fly one of the most revolutionary aircraft concepts of recent decades to explore its potential as a future configuration for passenger and airfreight transportation.
		The BWB is a hybrid shape that mainly resembles a flying wing, but also incorporates some features of a conventional airliner.
		The second camera will be mounted atop the rearward portion of the center body, to view external areas of the vehicle during flight.
	oea.larc.nasa.gov /PAIS/BWB.html (1275 words)

	Title page for ETD etd-04252003-110442
		The BWB is a hybrid shape resembling a flying wing, placing the payload in the inboard sections of the wing.
		Using a gradient based optimization algorithm, the distributed propulsion BWB aircraft was optimized and compared with a similarly optimized conventional BWB design.
		Through parametric studies, it was also found that the aircraft was most sensitive to the amount of savings in propulsive efficiency and the weight of the ducts used to divert the engine exhaust.
	scholar.lib.vt.edu /theses/available/etd-04252003-110442 (379 words)

	Boeing: Boeing Phantom Works to Lead Research on X-48B Blended Wing Body Concept
		Two high-fidelity, 21-foot wingspan prototypes of the BWB concept have been designed and produced for wind tunnel and flight testing this year.
		NASA and its partners have tested six different blended wing body models of various sizes over the last decade in four wind tunnels at the Langley Research Center.
		"One big difference between this airplane and the traditional tube and wing aircraft is that -- instead of a conventional tail -- the blended wing body relies solely on multiple control surfaces on the wing for stability and control," said Dan Vicroy, NASA senior research engineer at the Langley Research Center.
	www.boeing.com /news/releases/2006/q2/060504b_nr.html (645 words)

	i-Newswire.com - Press Release And News Distribution - NASA FLYING WING MODEL SOARS IN HISTORIC WIND TUNNEL
		They're testing a design for a flying wing, called a blended wing body.
		Researchers say a blended wing body could be useful as a
		Even building the blended wing body model was a challenge.
	i-newswire.com /pr49801.html (548 words)

	Boeing Presents Study Results of Blended Wing Body Concept
		On December 18, 2001, Ron Kawai, Boeing propulsion manager for the Blended Wing Body (BWB) Program, visited Langley to present the results of a study sponsored by the Ultra-Efficient Engine Technology (UEET) Program's Propulsion Airframe Integration (PAI) Project.
		The study defined a version of the BWB with podded nacelles, advanced UEET engines, and advanced airframe technologies for 2015 Entry Into Service (EIS).
		This baseline BWB will be the basis for an FY02 evaluation of UEET/PAI Project technologies, such as active flow control for boundary layer ingestion nacelles and advanced design tools for high Reynolds number flows.
	www.ueet.nasa.gov /toi/viewtoi.php?id=23 (114 words)

	ScienceDaily: NASA Flying Wing Model Soars In Historic Wind Tunnel
		Aerospace Engineers To Test Energy-efficient Wing Design (March 24, 2006) -- Aerospace engineers from Texas A&M University's Flight Research Laboratory are in Kansas this week testing a new design for an energy-efficient aircraft wing.
		Mimicking Humpback Whale Flippers May Improve Airplane Wing Design (May 13, 2004) -- Wind tunnel tests of scale-model humpback whale flippers have revealed that the scalloped, bumpy flipper is a more efficient wing design than is currently used by the aeronautics industry on...
		Airplane Wings That Change Shape Like A Bird's Have Scales Like A Fish (April 22, 2004) -- To maximize a plane's efficiency over a broader range of flight speeds, Penn State engineers have developed a concept for morphing airplane wings that change shape like a bird's and are covered with...
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2005/11/051110214321.htm (1861 words)

	Planenews Aviation News Portal - The New Boeing Blended Wing Body. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The "Blended Wing Body" concept, outlined more than 10 years ago but now said to be almost perfected, would have no fuselage or tail.
		Rather, it would basically be a wing with a belly that would accommodate the passengers and freight.
		The secret to its design, described by project head Robert Liebeck this week, is that the whole structure of the aircraft would work to generate lift.
	planenews.com /article-print-447.html (109 words)

	NASA Dryden X-48B Photo Collection
		The triangular planform of the sub-scale X-48B Blended Wing Body prototype is evident as it awaits testing in the full-scale wind tunnel at NASA Langley.
		Researchers at NASA's Langley Research Center in Hampton, Va., are testing the a 21-foot wingspan 8.5 percent scale prototype of a blended wing body aircraft in Langley's historic full-scale wind tunnel.
		A second X-48B blended-wing body prototype is due to arrive at NASA Dryden Flight Research Center in May, and after installation of test instrumentation and extensive checkout, begin flight tests later this year.
	www.dfrc.nasa.gov /Gallery/Photo/X-48B/HTML/ED06-0070-2.html (217 words)

	BW Online \| May 24, 2004 \| A Silver Lining For Boeing
		He believes the blended wing, which could one day also become a commercial jet, is a potential game changer that could revitalize the entire U.S. aerospace industry.
		Of course, Washington politics could mean the blended wing never gets off the ground.
		It will be up to Boeing to convince the Pentagon that the blended wing is the way to go.
	www.businessweek.com /magazine/content/04_21/b3884053.htm (968 words)

	Team Uses Historic NASA Tunnel to Test Blended Wing Body
		A blended-wing body looks different than most airplanes, as it has a modified triangular-shaped wing.
		Both phases of testing are focused on learning more about the low-speed flight-control characteristics of the BWB concept.
		"The X-48B prototypes have been dynamically scaled to represent a much larger aircraft and are being used to demonstrate that a blended-wing body is as controllable and safe during takeoff, approach and landing as a conventional military transport airplane," said Norm Princen, chief engineer for the X-48B program at Boeing Phantom Works.
	www.physorg.com /news65971975.html (724 words)

	NASA - The X-48B Blended Wing Body
		NASA, Boeing and the U.S. Air Force are testing this innovative new aircraft design together.
		For almost 100 years planes have looked like tubes with wings, but NASA's research with Boeing and the Air Force could change that.
		A short timelapse movie showing the assembly of the Blended Wing Body prototype (QuickTime).
	www1.nasa.gov /vision/earth/improvingflight/bwb_main.html (114 words)

	Dvorak Uncensored » NASA Flying Wing Model Soars In Historic Wind Tunnel
		I’m curious about the stability of this “blended” design.
		The B-2 bomber is supposedly only workable because of the redundant computers compensating for the inherent instability of it’s design.
		Northrop made a flying wing back in the 40’s, the B-35, obviously it didnt have computeres keeping it aloft.
	www.dvorak.org /blog/?p=3275 (1218 words)

	Blended-Wing-Body Design Group
		Blended Wing Body (BWB) with pylon-mounted engines (left) and boundary layer ingested inlets (right)(pics.
		BWB with large amount of engines distributed along the span (from Mechanical Engineering, 2002)
		A paper describing the BWB concept [PDF format]
	www.aoe.vt.edu /research/groups/bwb (221 words)

	Multidisciplinary Optimization of the Blended-Wing-Body
		Structural analysis was accomplished using the code FESMDO, a finite element analysis method, developed for NASA Langley.
		This program, which was executed remotely at Langley, was used to obtain stresses and deflections of the wing.
		Sobieski, V. Manning, and I. Kroo, Response surface estimation and refinement in collaborative optimization, 1998.
	collaborativeoptimization.com /coaiaa4721.html (5456 words)

	NASA :: NASA Flying Wing Model Soars in Historic Wind Tunnel
		NASA :: NASA Flying Wing Model Soars in Historic Wind Tunnel
		Other questions also need to be answered about the blended wing body configuration.
		For this test the model had to be dynamically scaled.
	sev.prnewswire.com /aerospace-defense/20051111/DCTH01110112005-1.html (594 words)

	PR Newswire: Blended-Wing-Body Sub-Scale Aircraft Demonstrates Flight Characteristics Of New Design@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		EL MIRAGE DRY LAKE, Calif., July 29 /PRNewswire/ -- A new aircraft design concept called Blended-Wing-Body (BWB) was demonstrated here today with the flight of a sub-scale aircraft before a group of leaders from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), McDonnell Douglas (NYSE: MD) and Stanford University.
		The remotely piloted aircraft, with a 17-foot wingspan, was designed and built at Stanford University in Palo Alto, Calif., to evaluate flight control laws and flying characteristics of the BWB concept, in which the forward body blends into the wing in a...
		This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?docid=1G1:19632549&refid=ink_tptd_nw (163 words)

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