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Topic: Body shame

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	General Audience, 30 January 1980 - The Mystery of Man's Original Innocence
		The common beginning of man and woman, that is, the original truth of their body in masculinity and femininity, to which Genesis 2:25 draws our attention, does not know shame.
		That awareness of the body - rather, awareness of the meaning of the body - which we are trying to highlight through analysis of the beginning, reveals the peculiarity of original innocence.
		So the beatifying awareness of the meaning of the body - that is, of the nuptial meaning of human masculinity and femininity - is conditioned by original innocence.
	www.vatican.va /holy_father/john_paul_ii/audiences/catechesis_genesis/documents/hf_jp-ii_aud_19800130_en.html (1299 words)

	A fundamental disquiet in all human existence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		It is the shame produced in humanity itself, caused by the deep disorder in that on account of which man, in the mystery of creation was "God's image", both in his personal "ego" and in the interpersonal relationship, through the original communion of persons, constituted by the man and the woman together.
		That shame, the cause of which is in humanity itself, is at once immanent and relative: it is manifested in the dimension of human interiority and at the same time refers to the "other".
		The body, which is not subordinated to the spirit as in the state of original innocence, bears within it a constant centre of resistance to the spirit, and threatens in a way the unity of the man-person, that is, of the moral nature, which is firmly rooted in the very constitution of the person.
	www.miraclerosarymission.org /ga80jun02.html (1337 words)

	Nasjonalt senter for telemedisin : E-media and eating disorders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Shame is introduced as a central concept to understand the pros and cons of interaction in cyberspace, and eating disorders are discussed as “shame-based syndromes”.
		Shame is not only connected to normative self-observation, but also to compromising oneself, the fear of being revealed as a person with negative qualities.
		The feelings of shame accompanying the eating disorder pathology may be linked to body shame, to bingeing and purging behaviour, as well as to the fact that one is shameful about not being able to eat in a natural way.
	www.telemed.no /index.php?id=75895 (4431 words)

	Breaking Shame (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The body, rather then sin, is seen as the cause of impure thoughts, and body shame is regarded as right while all other results of sin (separation from God, death, sickness, hardship, hate, etc., etc.) are clearly seen as wrong.
		Body shame contributes to a lowered view of self and actually helps increase sexual temptation, anxiety, compulsion, rather then prevent it, (This happens by making parts of the body more alluring, rather then something that is simply accepted and seen everyday.
		Breaking shame is actually quite simple, discarding clothes in everyday situations helps to quickly get rid of the restrictions, bondage, and shame imposed by those clothes and the conditioning of body shame, especially if you are around others that have done the same.
	www.clothesfree.com /breaking.html (1393 words)

	MMO: Shame & Body Image by Brené Brown, PhD
		While shame is absolutely universal and part of the human experience, the issues, events and experiences that leave us feeling shame are highly individualized and contextualized.
		Body image happens to be the one issue that is the closest to “universal” with over 90 percent of the participants experiencing shame about their bodies.
		In fact, body shame is so powerful and often so deeply rooted in our psyche that it actually transcends the appearance category and impacts why and how we feel shame in many of the other categories including identity, appearance, sexuality, motherhood, parenting, health, aging and a women’s ability to speak out with confidence.
	www.mothersmovement.org /features/body_image/b_brown_body_shame.htm (1032 words)

	Planned Parenthood Gaining Menstrual Pride -
		Schooler studied 199 female college students and found that women who were comfortable with their bodies, vulvas, and menstrual cycles were more likely to have sexual experiences — but also more likely to use condoms and to ask for what they want in their intimate relationships.
		In comparison, women who reported that they were disgusted by their body and were ashamed of their periods either had little or no sexual experience, or, if they did have sex, they were less likely to advocate for themselves and less likely to use condoms.
		One of the compelling conclusions of her study is that while a high level of body shame often leads to less sex, it also leads to riskier sexual behavior.
	www.plannedparenthood.org /news-articles-press/politics-policy-issues/medical-sexual-health/Gaining-Menstrual-Pride.htm (1251 words)

	Body Body - Swimwear, Bikinis, Bathing Suits and Lingerie
		Body Body has swimsuits and lingerie from slinky baby dolls to low priced city wear to crazy gift items.
		Body Body's lingerie ranges from silk and sheer feminine creations to edgy micro mini skirts that push the envelope of romantic adventure from Shame and Forplay.
		Body Body has the men's lingerie and swim trunks or G-String bathing suits for your man. It's not too early to start thinking about a 2007 bikini and lingerie Christmas.
	www.bodybody.com (285 words)

	Nutrition Counseling Ministries - Feature Article
		Shame also shuts down movement toward changes in lifetime eating and exercise habits that would improve physical and mental health, increase the sense of aliveness and connectedness with God and others, and result in a normalization of body weight for many individuals.
		It is certain that the issue of physical beauty relative to body weight will continue to be an issue for a long time to come—for in it, Satan has found a way to cause tremendous dissatisfaction and contempt for people towards themselves, towards each other, and ultimately towards God.
		This naturally occurring body weight probably will not be that set forth as desirable in any culture, for one of our enemy’s purposes is to create a sense of hopelessness in the human heart.
	www.ourchurch.com /view/?pageID=9280 (1212 words)

	John Paul II's Theology of the Body
		The shame experienced by man after his fall expressed a deeper shame, called "cosmic," reflecting a new disorder in his nature, by which not only was the relationship between man and woman affected, but the relationship between body and spirit.
		The nuptial meaning of the body is destroyed when man or woman seeks to possess the other as an object, but not when each belongs to the other through self-giving.
		In his General Audience of 5 January 1983, the Holy Father continued his catechesis on Theology of the Body by analyzing the sign (form) of the sacrament of marriage into two aspects: the expression of the will to be united (the wedding vows), and the actual union when the marriage is consummated.
	www.ewtn.com /library/PAPALDOC/JP2TBIND.HTM (7148 words)

	Self-objectification among physically active women Sex Roles: A Journal of Research - Find Articles
		One consequence of living in a society that objectifies the female body is that girls and women are socialized to self-objectify (i.e., to internalize an observer's view of one's own body) (Fredrickson and Roberts, 1997).
		Self-objectification is hypothesized to have several psychological consequences in the lives of women, including (a) increased body shame, (b) increased appearance anxiety, (c) decreased experiences of flow states (i.e., being totally absorbed in an activity), and (d) decreased sensitivity to internal bodily cues.
		The overall aim of the present study was to examine disordered eating symptomology among two age groups of physically active women using the self-objectification, body shame, flow, and disordered eating components of the Objectification Theory framework.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2294/is_1-2_52/ai_n13651293 (758 words)

	Body Shame; Conceptualilsation, Research and Treatment - Wal-Mart
		Those who feel shame regarding the way they look and who think others view their appearance negatively, can be vulnerable to impoverished social relationships and to a range of psychological difficulties.
		There are few books which look specifically at the many permutations of body shame and their differing treatments.
		However, in this book, "Body Shame: Conceptualization, Research and Treatment, researchers and therapists from a wide range of different disciplines and areas explore the role of shame in various physical and psychological disorders.
	www.walmart.com /catalog/product.gsp?product_id=1950574 (713 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Body Shame: Conceptualisation, Research and Treatment: Books: Paul Gilbert,Jeremy Miles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Chapters are organised to address issues of conceptualisation, assessment and treatment, on topics such as: * definitional controversies * biopsychosocial and evolutionary origins of body shame * effects on adjustments of maturation and aging process * specific forms of disfigurement * the role of body shame in depression, eating disorders and body dysmorphic disorder.
		In Body Shame: Conceptualisation, Research and Treatment, researchers and therapists from a wide range of different disciplines and areas explore the role of shame in various physical and psychological disorders, and provide practical advice on management and treatment.
		Chapters are organised to address issues of conceptualisation assessment and treatment, on topics such as: definitional controversies biopsychosocial and evolutionary origins of body shame effects on adjustment of maturation and ageing process specific forms of disfigurement the role of body shame in depression, eating disorders and body dysmorphic disorder.
	www.amazon.co.uk /Body-Shame-Conceptualisation-Research-Treatment/dp/1583911669 (882 words)

	Amazon.com: Body Shame: Conceptualilsation, Research and Treatment: Books: Paul Gilbert (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Those who feel shame regarding the way they look and who think others view their appearance negatively, can be vulnerable to impoverished social relationships and to a range of psychological difficulties.
		Body Shame gives the reader a deeper insight into the nature and mechanisms of shame, how it can focus on the body, how it can underlie a variety of psychological difficulties and how intervention can help resolve it.
		body dysmorphic disorder examination, external shame, shame schema, internalised shame, internal shame, objectified body consciousness, body shame, stigma consciousness, evolutionary psychotherapy, enacted stigma, undesired self, disordered eaters, safety behaviours, shame scale, sex psychotherapy, acne sufferer, shame measures, disfiguring conditions, bodily shame, defensive behaviours, concealable stigma, disfigured people, shame affect, body dissatisfaction, social attractiveness
	www.amazon.com /Body-Shame-Conceptualilsation-Research-Treatment/dp/1583911669 (1131 words)

	Book Reviews
		Shame is often seen as a generalised negative effect and judgement about a global sense of self.
		For example, those who experience feelings of shame regarding the way they look, and who think others view their appearance negatively, can be vulnerable to impoverished social relationships and a range of psychological difficulties.
		Chapters three to five explore the concept of shame in relationship to the changing functions and abilities associated with ageing, issues of measurement of body shame and the role of shame in disfigurement.
	www.eced.org.uk /new_page_2.htm (3129 words)

	Nita McKinley Body Image Research
		For my dissertation research, I developed a new measure to study what I call "objectified body consciousness." This scale is based on the work of feminist theorists who have argued that U.S. women are taught to view their bodies as objects to be watched as an outside observer.
		I take this to be a measure of how much a woman has internalized cultural body standards and made them her own.
		Body surveillance and body shame are related to lower body esteem and measures of psychological well-being, as well as to increased problem eating.
	faculty.washington.edu /nmmckin/bodyimage.html (545 words)

	Recovering my Inner Child - My Secret Shame
		The shame put upon me by Mother -- that I was a girl — not in the mould that she wanted.
		She knew I was in her body but she couldn’t or wouldn’t acknowledge me. She knew she carried a life in her body but the idea was abhorrent to her upbringing.
		The secret I carry is -- that my Mother‘s body didn’t want me inside her I searched the spiritual pathways trying to gain an understanding of why/how the sacredness of my life could have become so distorted, how my body and my beingness could be so abhorrent to my own Mother.
	www.anunda.com /articles/shame.htm (516 words)

	long_faigley_penguinhb_1\|Student Papers with Audio Commentary\|Research Paper in APA Style
		This objectification causes women to perceive their bodies as detached observers, which means they are attempting to see themselves as others see them.
		The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between objectified body consciousness and attitudes and behaviors regarding fashion magazines.
		Further, we hypothesized that highly body-conscious individuals would compare themselves to fashion models and be less satisfied with their bodies in comparison to women who were low on body consciousness.
	wps.ablongman.com /long_faigley_penguinhb_1/0,7325,506869-,00.html (2253 words)

	Untitled Document
		This study was concerned with the effects on young women’s body shame and appearance anxiety of exposure to media-portrayed idealized images.
		The eight-item Body Shame subscale of the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (BS-OBCS; McKinley and Hyde, 1996) indicates how ashamed participants are of the their body, and the extent to which participants have internalized the cultural thin ideal.
		Body shame and appearance anxiety difference scores were obtained by subtracting the initial VAS score on that measure from the postexposure score.
	www.raderprograms.com /article4.htm (5993 words)

	Freed From Shame (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Through Biblical teaching and revelation, Freed From Shame's mission is to equip individuals with the knowledge and understanding of the Word of God, as related to the human body and its creation as the very Image of God in the earth.
		Freed From Shame is a candid, honest look at the Scriptures and facts surrounding the human body and the Living God's viewpoint of this most wonderful of His creations.
		Freed From Shame was birthed out of the personal experiences of Michael Anthony McGrath, a man with a prophetic calling to the Body of Christ.
	www.webspawner.com /users/freedfromshame/index.html (290 words)

	The Body: Sorcery, Shame Hinder Papua New Guinea Fight Against AIDS
		The 5.4 million residents of the mountainous, jungle-covered South Pacific island nation are facing an HIV epidemic on the level of that seen in Cambodia, Myanmar and Thailand.
		The Body is a service of Body Health Resources Corporation, 250 West 57th Street, New York, NY 10107.
		The Body and its logos are trademarks of Body Health Resources Corporation, which owns the copyright of The Body's homepage, topic pages, page designs and HTML code.
	www.thebody.com /cdc/news_updates_archive/2005/nov14_05/png_aids.html (400 words)

	Teen Eating Disorders - Troubled Teen
		The most common eating disorders are linked with body image, and most teens with eating disorders feel that they must take drastic measures to lose weight (2).
		And in some cases, the psychological body image is so negative that a teen always "feels fat," even when one is skinny.
		Because the factors at the root of most teen eating disorders—negative self-esteem, cultural pressure to look a certain way, shame about one's body—are complex, it is important to recognize that preventing eating disorders involves compassion and understanding.
	www.troubledteen101.com /articles39.html (637 words)

	BingeCycles
		The shaming thoughts are then redirected onto the eating behavior, which puts the eating in a paradoxical role.
		Here we see the shame originally associated with her clinging now reattaching to the relatively familiar and socially endorsed arena of her body.
		Since there are no clear markers for healthy body weight that are free from highly questionable social standards, I would maintain that healthy body weight is the size a person naturally returns to after a long period of both non--compulsive eating and consistent exercise commensurate with the person' s physical health and condition.
	www.psychotherapist.org /BingeCycles.htm (1950 words)

	Welcome to the Institute of Imaginal Studies
		Shame is both hidden and deeply present in our lives.
		'Recognition Shame', in which we are awakened to our hidden nature through the gaze of a friend or therapist, is transformative—integrating, split-off parts of our body-selves.
		Among his many publications in the areas of somatic psychology and psychotherapy are his two books: Jung and Reich: The Body as Shadow; and The Body in Recovery: Somatic Psychotherapy and the Self.
	www.imaginal.edu /body_of_shame.htm (205 words)

	THE KARMAN IN THEIR RELATION TO THE SOUL AND TO ONE ANOTHER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		23 uttaraprakrtis for undeveloped 1-sensed beings) = animal state of existence and anupurvi + a sense + physical body + 6th figure + immovable + fine (gross) + undeveloped + individual (common) body + flexible + ugly + unsympathetic + unsuggestive + shame + 9 dhruvas.
		25a (for developed 1-sensed beings) = animal state of existence and anupurvi + 1 sense + physical body + 6th figure + annihilation of others + breathing + immovable + gross (fine) + developed + individual (common) body + firm (flexible) + beautiful (ugly) + unsympathetic + unsuggestive + fame (shame) + 9 dhruvas.
		25b (for undeveloped 2-,3-,4-,5- sensed animals) = animal state of existence and anupurvi + 2 (3,4,5) senses + physical body and limbs + 6th figure + 6th firmness + movable + gross + undeveloped + individual body + flexible + ugly + unsympathetic + unsuggestive + shame + 9 dhruvas.
	www.jainworld.com /jainbooks/images/24/THE_KARMAN_IN_THEIR_RELATIO.htm (3154 words)

	Naturist Philosophy
		If our bodies were formed out of the dust of the ground by the hand of God, then we are truly a miracle.
		This is our body; Emerged from our mother with a bloodline stretching back to the beginning of time.
		In this body I discover another - my wife - and this too is my body; and through the intimacy of this one flesh, we give thanks.
	www.theplacewithnoname.com /library/nud/p/thisismybody.htm (1629 words)

	Family Skinnydippers: Why be Socially Nude? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Every moment we cover our bodies we are communicating the subliminal message to our subconscious that our bodies are shameful and must be hidden.
		But to a boy who is not allowed to learn about human bodies, a girl does not have a vagina--she has been castrated of her penis.
		The girl that purges or starves herself to death because she can't accept her body is a victim of the self-loathing that anti-nude attitudes help to foster.
	familyskinnydippers.org /why.htm (2957 words)

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