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	Bofors: The Scandal that Refuses to Die after 20 Years
		That explosive report, which was immediately denied by the government with a standard statement circulated through PTI that it was "false, baseless and mischievous", immediately sent alarm bells ringing in the establishment and led to a flurry of meetings between then prime minister Rajiv Gandhi and top officials.
		What subsequently came to be known as the Bofors corruption scandal has come to dog India's political landscape for the next two decades, causing the downfall of the Gandhi government in 1989, and plaguing every government in the country since then without showing any signs of resolution or conviction of the alleged wrongdoers.
		As a major corruption scandal that hogged the political setting in the 1980s, former prime minister Rajiv Gandhi and several others were accused of receiving kickbacks from the now defunct AB Bofors.
	news.boloji.com /200704/04205.htm (1785 words)

	Bofors - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bofors most famous owner was Alfred Nobel who owned the company from 1894 until his death in December of 1896.
		Another well-known gun made by the company was the Bofors 37 mm anti-tank gun, a standard anti-tank weapon used by a variety of armies early in the war.
		In recent years Bofors has lost much of its reputation in Sweden due to various suspect affairs, the most scandalous being the briberies to India in 1986, a venturesome business that has (speculatively) been associated with the murder of Olof Palme.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bofors (309 words)

	Bofors Scandal - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The Bofors Scandal was a major corruption scandal in India in the 1980s; several Indian politicians, including then Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, were accused of receiving kickbacks from Bofors AB for winning a bid to supply India's 155 mm field howitzer.
		The scale of the corruption was far worse than any that India had seen before, and directly led to the defeat of Gandhi's ruling Indian National Congress party in the November 1989 general elections.
		He is still wanted by the Delhi court that is conducting hearings about the scandal and is on the Interpol watch list.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Bofors_Scandal (272 words)

	Nailing the wrong man - Hard News - Nothing But Politics
		Attention was glued to the endless Bofors saga as the Delhi High Court quashed the case against the arms merchants, the Hinduja brothers, because the Central Bureau of Investigation failed to bring the original certified documents, and instead produced copies.
		Although the Bofors case has disappeared from the public consciousness, it is time to ask some basic questions about the epic saga of a scandal that has not been nailed.
		That is why the Bofors issue remains the most obscure "public" scandal, where the general reader has little comprehension of the global network of financial sleaze, political and diplomatic intrigue, and the naked power games of international relations.
	www.hardnewsmedia.com /july05/bofors.php (1213 words)

	Indo-Asian News Service -> India-Politics-Bofors -> Bofors will continue to haunt the Congress (COMMENTARY) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Ironically, the revelation of the identity of 'Deep Throat' as Mark Felt, a former FBI deputy director whose inputs enabled Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein investigating the Watergate scandal to nail president Richard Nixon, coincided with the virtual burying of the notorious Bofors scandal in India.
		The reason perhaps is that the scandal surfaced at a time when the vulnerability of the Congress was becoming apparent for the first time.
		Two years prior to the Bofors disclosure, the party had succumbed to Muslim fundamentalist pressure to negate the Supreme Court's Shah Bano judgement on alimony, thereby initiating a chain of events that led to the BJP's rise during the 90s.
	www.eians.com /stories/2005/06/04/04mai.shtml (912 words)

	Who killed Olof Palme and Rajiv Gandhi
		That meant Singh would no longer be able to pursue the $1.3 billion Bofors 155mm howitzer scandal, a case in which he had named five men and women on charges of receiving $40 million in bribes, and the late Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi of being a co-conspirator.
		In 1991, FFV was acquired by Bofors and was fllisted along with Bofors from operating in Indian territory on account of the howitzer scandal.
		Her children, Nikhil and Nitya, were both born during the span of the Bofors story, and Subramaniam was a hostage to her reporting even as she was nursing her children.
	www.tamilnation.org /intframe/india/rajiv/97gupte.htm (2745 words)

	The Brothers Hinduja and the Bofors scandal
		While there is nothing new in the claim made by the Brothers Hinduja of their "non-involvement in the Bofors case," a mass of multi-faceted documented evidence and information gives the lie to this claim.
		THE Bofors case, as investigated by the CBI, is about criminal conspiracy, bribery, criminal misconduct by public servants, cheating, criminal breach of trust, forgery for the purpose of cheating and using as genuine a forged document in respect of the B ofors-India howitzer contract of March 24, 1986.
		However, the CBI found that Bofors had lied officially to the Government of India about the name of the company to which the SEK 81 million had been paid: it was M/s Mc Intyre/Mac Intire and not Moineao (although the Directors of these two front companies were the same).
	www.flonnet.com /fl1722/17220200.htm (1388 words)

	KNOW YOUR BOFORS
		In striking contrast to the official stance during the prolonged cover-up of the Bofors scandal, Column 2 of the charge-sheet includes the "late Rajiv Gandhi" himself as an accused who cannot be sent up for trial for obvious reasons.
		The internal Bofors documents, seized by the Swedish police, gained by The Hindu's investigation in 1988-89, and verified in the CBI investigation, have made it absolutely clear that the payoffs made by Bofors were directly contingent on winning the contract.
		THE $50 million payoffs were in flagrant contradiction with assurances repeatedly given by Bofors to the Government of India to the effect that it had no agents or representatives in India for the howitzer deal.
	www.flonnet.com /fl1624/16240100.htm (3574 words)

	The duffer's guide to Bofors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Bofors was being investigated for its apparent involvement in many illegal arms deals.
		Bofors sent two executives to depose before the JPC and their version appeared in the committee’s report.
		The diary was written after the scandal broke and while much of its content was personal (Ardbo thought he had put on too much weight etc.), there were references to the India deal.
	web.mid-day.com /columns/vir_sanghvi/2004/april/81386.htm (1448 words)

	Welcome To Career Forum : The Gateway To Corporate Career (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Bofors scandal is a hallmark of Indian corruption.
		The scandal, which came into light as a result of sporadic raids by the Directorate of Investigations, income tax, on hawala operators in 1991.
		The scandal, attracted the attention of the whole nation to the degree of corruption our political and economic structure has plunged in.
	www.cflogic.com /CFInfoDigest/HotCurrents/ScamInd.htm (2476 words)

	BBC NEWS \| South Asia \| Q&A: Hinduja Bofors case
		Often described as reclusive, they have nevertheless remained in the public eye through the long-running Bofors arms case and a recent political row in Britain over the passport applications by two of the brothers, Srichand and Gopichand Hinduja.
		Prosecutors had alleged that $8.3m was paid to three of the Hinduja brothers by Bofors in illegal commissions at the time of a massive arms deal between the Swedish firm and the Indian government.
		The police investigation and trial of the Bofors case have been long-drawn out for a number of reasons.
	newsrss.bbc.co.uk /2/low/south_asia/2474787.stm (751 words)

	Asia Times Online - The best news coverage from South Asia
		Curiously, the Swedish prime minister at the time of the Bofors deal, Olaf Palme, was also assassinated, leading to the widespread speculation that both leaders had fallen victim to ruthless players in the international arms bazaar.
		The Bofors curse was later to touch British Prime Minister Tony Blair when the British press linked him to one of the alleged agents of the Howitzer deal, the London-based Indian arms dealer family of the Hindujas.
		Although logically the Bofors scandal in India should have ended with Rajiv Gandhi's assassination in 1991, the case has dragged on interminably, with each twist and turn either helping or harming Congress.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/South_Asia/FD16Df04.html (906 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| Special reports \| Hinduja deal scandal
		Bofors backlash: It is a tale of arms dealing and allegations of multi-million pound kickbacks.
		Bofors badly needed new orders and according to the police chief who investigated Palme's assassination, the Swedish prime minister personally helped swing the deal.
		The first whiff of a scandal came within a year when Swedish public radio alleged that commissions had been paid on the deal and that the Hindujas were recipients.
	www.guardian.co.uk /mandelson/story/0,7369,432878,00.html (1418 words)

	Britain: Questions remain despite "passports for cash" inquiry clearing former minister
		Bofors and Gopichand were accused of defrauding the government of £24 million in illegal commissions for the contract.
		By 1997, as the Indian investigation into the Bofors scandal uncovered new information, the brothers were ready to renew their applications for naturalisation.
		In the meantime, he contacted the Foreign and Commonwealth Office about the Bofors scandal, and to ask for their assessment of the effect on bilateral relations with India in the event of a decision on Gopichand's application.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2001/mar2001/mand-m19_prn.shtml (2616 words)

	'Rajiv didn't take money:' V P Singh
		The charges against her and her family (son Rahul and daughter Priyanka) was made by a ruling party leader (the BJP's Vijay Kumar Malhotra) which was obviously to extract undue political mileage.
		The general election is approaching and I don't think the BJP and its allies savour the prospect of the unity of the secular forces.
		The secular forces are clear that the Bofors debate should not be allowed to be exploited by the BJP for its selfish motives.
	in.rediff.com /news/2004/feb/07inter.htm (762 words)

	Perspectives on the Professions
		Someone at Bofors forged the necessary papers saying the weapons would stay in the allowed country.
		For a time, Bratt was a hated man in the town of Karlskoga, where Bofors is situated, but a hero in the rest of Sweden.
		Another outcome of the scandal was that Nobel Industries, the owner of Bofors, sacked the old management and arranged for courses in ethics to be taken by everyone employed there.
	www.iit.edu /libraries/csep/perspective/pers11_1aug91_5.html (1263 words)

	Central Chronicle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		For the better part of two decades the nation's security has been held to ransom by what is known as the "Bofors scandal".
		There is no denying the fact that the Indian Army needs the upgraded versions of both the towed and the self-propelled howitzers that proved their usefulness in the inhospitable heights of Kargil.
		But because of the scandal over who received kickbacks for the original deal the nation could not utilize the clause for the transfer of technology for indigenous manufacture of the artil- lery system or to get from the manufacturer the technological upgrades that would have made India self-reliant in this weapons platform.
	www.centralchronicle.com /20050331/3103304.htm (593 words)

	[No title]
		Quattrocchi and his wife Maria along with one-time Bofors agent Win Chadha, his son Harsh and late wife Kanta, the documents showed, held Swiss accounts into which possible payoffs for the Rs.1,400-crore howitzer contract were funnelled.
		It is not entirely certain how long the process will last, but given the fact that the appellants have been admonished by the courts in the past for their delaying tactics, observers believe that the documents will be available by the end of this year.
		The arrival of the second set of Bofors documents could place those BJP leaders who are close to the Hindujas in an embarrassing situation.
	www.hindu.com /thehindu/fline/fl1507/15071080.htm (1652 words)

	The Brothers Hinduja and the Bofors scandal
		While there is nothing new in the claim made by the Brothers Hinduja of their "non-involvement in the Bofors case," a mass of multi-faceted documented evidence and information gives the lie to this claim.
		THE Bofors case, as investigated by the CBI, is about criminal conspiracy, bribery, criminal misconduct by public servants, cheating, criminal breach of trust, forgery for the purpose of cheating and using as genuine a forged document in respect of the B ofors-India howitzer contract of March 24, 1986.
		However, the CBI found that Bofors had lied officially to the Government of India about the name of the company to which the SEK 81 million had been paid: it was M/s Mc Intyre/Mac Intire and not Moineao (although the Directors of these two front companies were the same).
	www.frontlineonnet.com /fl1722/17220200.htm (1388 words)

	Sonia blames BJP for raking up Bofors scandal - Deccan Herald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Hitting back at the BJP on the Bofors issue, Congress President Sonia Gandhi on Saturday accused it of raking up the controversy deliberately for the last 18 years and sarcastically remarked that it could be thrust upon her great grandchildren also one day.
		“The timing of this (Bofors issue) being brought up again speaks for itself,” she told reporters here, reacting to the latest controversy over the issue after completing a day-long campaign for her party in Chhattisgarh for the April 20 Lok Sabha polls.
		She said the BJP was “deliberately” raking up the issue to cover up the Vajpayee government’s inability to solve problems facing the country, mainly unemployment and those related to farmers.
	www.deccanherald.com /deccanherald/apr112004/i3.asp (258 words)

	The Bofors Deal - Sify.com
		He said the Bofors scandal was a case of deep-rooted conspiracy and political pay-offs and bristled with all manner of complexities and complications.
		In the preface to the book, titled Bofors: The Ambassador's Evidence, he says that in 1992 he had sought permission from the then Prime Minister P V Narasimha Rao to write his account and ``clear my chest of the Bofors Bronchitis.'' He was advised to wait until retirement.
		For Bofors watchers, Oza's book may not provide much in terms of fresh documentary evidence but it provides revealing circumstantial links as seen by a diplomat who was at the receiving end of the pulls and pressures from Rajiv Gandhi's PMO when the scandal peaked in New Delhi.
	sify.com /itihaas/fullstory.php?id=13383381 (881 words)

	The Telegraph - Calcutta : Opinion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		She is the sole surviving Bofors culprit in India, and she has the gumption to lead the Congress party.
		In Sweden, where the news of the scandal first burst, a man named Sten Lindstrom is preparing to break his silence.
		For the benefit of those who don’t remember the fine details of the Bofors case, Lindstrom was the chief investigator at the Swedish end.
	www.telegraphindia.com /1040413/asp/opinion/story_3106817.asp (1337 words)

	Bofors: Remember the time?
		For near on 20 years, the Bofors scandal has dragged on, claiming a government in its wake, soiling reputations, and building some.
		But in a lot many ways, the Bofors scam stands out, not merely because it is the only one in the 55 years of our Republic that led to a prime minister's electoral defeat.
		The Bofors Scandal happpened amidst rumours of kickbacks in Defence deals on the purchase of HDW submarines, The Czech Pistols purchases.it happened because of a...
	www.rediff.com /news/2005/jun/03sai.htm (1209 words)

	[A-List] Bofors scandal: technicalities mount (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Thus the long effort to convict the businessmen of accepting $8.3m in = illegal commissions from the Swedish arms manufacturer Bofors AB, now = defunct, is set to meander further.
		A spokesman for the CBI said there = had been no error, because "permission from the Central Vigilance = Commission is required only in the case of government officials, not = private individuals".
		The = $2.1bn deal for Bofors to supply the guns was done in record time.
	lists.econ.utah.edu /pipermail/a-list/2002-June/019526.html (540 words)

	BHARAT RAKSHAK MONITOR: Volume 3(5) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		After the Bofors scandal in the 1980s the entire process ground to a halt and its effects continued to be felt a decade later.
		The Bofors scandal dragged on as the Prime Minister at that time was personally involved and subsequent governments were reluctant to indite him.
		This is the first major scandal with direct links to serving officers, and has the propensity to erode the public trust unless decisive steps are taken.
	www.bharat-rakshak.com /MONITOR/ISSUE3-5/edit1.html (428 words)

	Bofors arms scandal.htm in Business Recorder on January 20, 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The case relates to allegations that millions of dollars were paid as kickbacks for the $1.2 billion sale of 400 155-mm howitzer field guns to the Indian government in early 1986 by Sweden's Bofors, a unit of the Celsius group.
		The brothers' lawyer, Ujjawal Rana, told the Press Trust of India after his clients arrived in the country on Thursday that all three "firmly believe that the allegations against them in the Bofors case were false and motivated".
		The legal firm representing the brothers in London said in a statement last year that its clients vehemently denied involvement in any form of corruption and said they would do everything in their power to clear their names.
	www.paksearch.com /br2001/Jan/20/Bofors%20arms%20scandal.htm (548 words)

	[No title]
		This is yet another desperate attempt by her to plead by proxy for the guilty men of the Bofors bribery scandal.
		When the Swiss Federal Police informed the CBI officially that Ottavio Quattrochi as the recipient of the Bofors money was a beneficiary and an appellant trying to obstruct documents from being transmitted to India by appealing before the Swiss courts, the Rao Government allowed him to escape from India within 48 hours.
		Mrs Sonia Gandhi repeatedly wants the Bofors documents to be produced in public because she knows very well that the use of these documents for a purpose other than that of criminal prosecution is not permitted by the Swiss Federal Police.
	www.bjp.org /news/aug1499.htm (763 words)

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