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Topic: Bohdan Khmelnytsky

	Bohdan Khmelnytsky - Conservapedia
		Bohdan Zynovi Mykhailovych Khmelnytsky (Ukrainian: Богдан Зиновій Михайлович Хмельницький, Polish: Bohdan Zenobi Chmielnicki) (1595-August 6, 1657) was the hetman of the Ukrainian Kozaks.
		Khmelnytsky's reputation gradually rose, and in 1638 he visited Warsaw as part of a Kozak emissary delegation to petition the Polish King Władysław IV Vasa to grant the Kozaks their ancient rights.
		Khmelnytsky is one of the main characters in the Polish novel With Fire and Sword (Polish: Ogniem i mieczem) by Henryk Sienkiewicz.
	www.conservapedia.com /Bohdan_Khmelnytsky (463 words)

	Bohdan Khmelnytsky - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Khmelnytsky was probably born in Chyhyryn, in Ukraine; it is unclear whether to a family of Ruthenian nobility or to Polish nobility of Abdank Coat of Arms who had immigrated to Ukraine from Masovia.
		Khmelnytsky was educated by the Jesuits in Lviv.
		Although Khmelnytsky's personal resentment influenced his ultimate decision to rid Ukraine of Polish domination, it seems that his ambition to secure the Nobles' privileges and the Cossacks' independance, was the main motive that led him to instigate an uprising of the Ruthenian people against them, known after him as the Chmielnicki Uprising.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bohdan_Chmielnicki (1001 words)

	Bohdan Khmelnytsky - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Khmelnytsky was probably born in Chyhyryn, in Ukraine; it is unclear whether to a family of Ruthenian nobility or to Polish nobility who had immigrated to Ukraine from Masovia.
		Although Khmelnytsky's personal resentment influenced his decision to rid Ukraine of Polish and Ruthenian magnates and Jews, it seems that his ambition to become the ruler of Ukraine was the main motive that led him to instigate an uprising of the Ruthenian people against them, known after him as the Chmielnicki Uprising.
		When hostilities resumed, however, Khmelnytsky's forces were betrayed by their former allies the Tatars, suffered a massive defeat in 1651 at the Battle of Beresteczko, and were forced at Bila Tserkva to accept a loser's treaty.
	lighthousepoint.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Bohdan_Chmielnicki (799 words)

	Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky
		Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky Bohdan Zenoviy Khmelnytsky was one of the most influencial rulers of Eastern Europe, but not known as well as other great leaders such as Napoleon, because of the way he led the great Ukrainian uprising, or The Great Revolt of 1648 (Subtelny, 123).
		Bohdan was educated at a Jesuit College in Yaroslav where he studied the Polish and Latin languages.
		Bohdan returned to Subotiv to follow in his father's footsteps by becoming a Cossack (an idealistic, freedom-loving, gallant and independent man who fights for the well being of Ukraine and is ready to sacrifice his life for his country, his religion, and his freedom), married Hanna Somko and lived together on his estate in Subotiv.
	www.freeessays.cc /db/26/hal52.shtml (850 words)

	Cossack-Polish War
		Khmelnytsky decided to separate completely Ukraine from Poland, but although he continued to triumph on the battlefield, he could not overpower the enemy.
		Khmelnytsky mobilized a force of 50,000 men and on 24–25 September 1651 engaged the enemy in battle near
		Khmelnytsky had maintained diplomatic relations with Muscovy almost from the beginning of the rebellion, but Tsar Aleksei Mikhailovich refused to support the uprising, for this would lead to war with Poland.
	www.encyclopediaofukraine.com /pages/C/O/Cossack6PolishWar.htm (1579 words)

	XMEL.ORG - Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky (Chmielnicki)
		Despite appearances to the contrary, Khmelnytsky had no intention of accepting these humiliating conditions and, in April 1652, a secret meeting of the major Cossack leaders was held at his residence in Chyhyryn where it was decided to assemble new forces and to renew hostilities against the Poles.
		Under the influence of Polish practice, Khmelnytsky expected the oath to be bilateral, with the Ukrainians swearing loyalty to the tsar and the latter promising to protect them from the Poles and to respect their rights and priviledges.
		Finally, Khmelnytsky and his colleagues, fearful of losing the tasr's aid because of what appeared to be a mere formality, glumly agreed to take a unilateral oath of loyalty to the tsar.
	www.xmel.org /bohdan.htm (4345 words)

	Khmelnytsky, Bohdan
		In 1651 while Khmelnytsky was away on a military campaign, she was executed for conspiracy and adultery by his son Tymish.
		But Khmelnytsky's military victories in 1648–9 and his triumphal entry into Kyiv in 1648, at which he was hailed as ‘the Moses, savior, redeemer, and liberator of the
		Pereiaslav, Khmelnytsky declared that he was ‘the sole Rus’ autocrat’ and that he had ‘enough power in Ukraine, Podilia, and Volhynia...
	www.encyclopediaofukraine.com /pages/K/H/KhmelnytskyBohdan.htm (2108 words)

	Lviv Ukraine tourist guide - Bohdan Khmelnytsky (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Khmelnytsky claimed the divine right to rule over Cossacks as early as 29 July 1648, when in a letter to a Muscovite voivode he titled himself ‘Bohdan Khmelnytsky, by Divine grace hetman with the Zaporozhian Host.’ This formula was repeated in all official Cossack documents.
		General Chancellor Ivan Vyhovsky described Khmelnytsky to a Transylvanian envoy in 1657 thus: ‘As the tsar is a tsar in his realm, so the hetman is a prince or king in his domain.’ Ukraine's status as a sovereign state received international recognition.
		Khmelnytsky's Cossack state can be regarded as a new political entity—‘Ukraine of the Zaporozhian Host,’ as it was known in Moscow—or as a restoration of the old Rus’ state (Hosudarstvo rosiiskoie, as Khmelnytsky called it in his letter to the tsar of 17 February 1654).
	lviv.biz /people/bohdan-khmelnytsky (2154 words)

	ipedia.com: Bohdan Khmelnytsky Article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Bohdan Zinovii Mykhailovych Khmel'nyts'kyi was a Polish noble, leader of Zaporizhzhya Cossacks, hetman of Ukraine, noted for his revolt against Poland, and a Treaty of Pereyaslav which led to annexing...
		Bohdan Zinovii Mykhailovych Khmel'nyts'kyi (Богдан Зиновій Михайлович Хмельницький-- that being his Ukrainian name; he was known in Polish as Bohdan Zenobi Chmielnicki, and in Russian as Bogdan Khmelnitsky) (c.
		Khmelnytsky told the people that the Poles had sold them as slaves "into the hands of the accursed Jews." With this as their battle-cry, the Cossacks massacred a huge number of Jews during the years of 1648-1649.
	www.ipedia.com /bohdan_khmelnytsky.html (716 words)

	Free Essays - Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky
		Bohdan Zenoviy Khmelnytsky was one of the most influencial rulers of Eastern Europe, but not known as well as other great leaders such as Napoleon, because of the way he led the great Ukrainian uprising, or The Great Revolt of 1648 (Subtelny, 123).
		Bohdan was educated at a Jesuit College in Yaroslav where he studied the Polish and Latin languages.
		Bohdan returned to Subotiv to follow in his father's footsteps by becoming a Cossack (an idealistic, freedom-loving, gallant and independent man who fights for the well being of Ukraine and is ready to sacrifice his life for his country, his religion, and his freedom), married Hanna Somko and lived together on his estate in Subotiv.
	www.freeessays.tv /d8157.htm (815 words)

	Bohdan Khmelnytsky (from Poland, history of) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The Commonwealth > Báthory and the Vasas > Bohdan Khmelnytsky
		In 1648 Bohdan Khmelnytsky, whom contemporaries likened to Oliver Cromwell, assumed the leadership of the Zaporozhian Cossacks and, allied with the Tatars, defeated the troops of the Commonwealth and some magnate contingents.
		Khmelnytsky became the master of Ukraine, and its peasant masses, many of its townsmen, and even lesser noblemen were among his followers.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-28188 (930 words)

	<< УКРАЇНА - ALBERTA \ Culture of Ukraine \ famous people >> (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Khmelnytsky Bohdan Mykhaylovych (1595-1657) - hetman (leader) of Ukraine.
		During the Liberation War Khmelnytsky proved that he was not only great military leader, but astute politician, which obtained the recognition of international law subject for Ukraine.
		As compromise with Poland proved to be impossible, Khmelnytsky's objective came to be an independent Ukrainian state; for aid he turned to Czar Alexis of Russia.
	www.ukraine-alberta.com.ua /e_fp_13_ukr.html (140 words)

	The awards of the President of Ukraine
		The badge of the Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, 1st Class is made of silver and has the form of an embossed multibeam star with an applied cross.
		The design ofAbdank, the heraldic figure from the coat of arms of Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky, in a circle rimmed with an oak-leaf wreath is in the centre of the badge.
		The badge of the Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, 2nd Class is similar to the badge of the Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, 1st Class, but points of the star and the swords are silver.
	www.elitprofi.com.ua /en (3744 words)

	The Khmelnytsky Insurrection (from Ukraine) -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Beginning with a seemingly typical Cossack revolt, under the leadership of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, Ukraine was quickly engulfed in an unprecedented war and revolution.
		Khmelnytsky was a petty nobleman and Cossack officer who, unable to obtain justice for wrongs suffered at Polish hands, fled to the Sich in late 1647 and was soon elected hetman.
		Khmelnytsky again cast about for new alliances and coalitions involving Sweden, Transylvania, Brandenburg, Moldavia, and Wallachia, and there were indications that the hetman planned to sever the Muscovite connection when he died in 1657.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-30067 (1309 words)

	Bohdan Khmelnytsky -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Bohdan Zynovii Mykhailovych Khmel'nyts'kyi (Богдан Зиновій Михайлович Хмельницький in (The Slavic language spoken in the Ukraine) Ukrainian, commonly transliterated as Khmelnytsky; known in (The property of being smooth and shiny) Polish as Bohdan Zenobi Chmielnicki; in Russian as Bogdan Khmelnitsky) (c.
		Khmelnytsky was educated by the (A member of the Jesuit order) Jesuits.
		Unlike many of their other pupils, he did not embrace (The beliefs and practices of the Catholic Church based in Rome) Roman Catholicism but early in life became indifferent to the faith.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/b/bo/bohdan_khmelnytsky.htm (364 words)

	CIUS Press: History of Ukraine-Rus', Volume 9 by Mykhailo Hrushevsky
		And as Khmelnytsky was pursing these goals and aspirations, the Cossacks’ military victories and defeats were shaping the fate of a new Ukraine.
		The period witnessed the marriage of Tymish Khmelnytsky to Roksanda Lupu, the daughter of the Moldavian hospodar, and it ended with Tymish's tragic death during the siege of Suceava by allied Polish, Wallachian, and Moldavian forces—a major blow not only to Khmelnytsky's policy in the Danube region, but also to his dynastic aspirations.
		Bohdan Struminski (1930–98) was a distinguished Slavic linguist and translator of early modern Ukrainian texts.
	www.utoronto.ca /cius/publications/books/hrushevskyv9.htm (804 words)

	JSPPB Aval [ Bank News < Press-centre ]
		Khmelnytsky Oblast Directorate of Aval Bank is implementing a salary project for the Academy of the State Frontier Guarding Service of Ukraine named after Bohdan Khmelnytsky
		June 2. — The Khmelnytsky Oblast Directorate of Aval Bank has started implementation of a salary project for the National Academy of the State Frontier Guarding Service of Ukraine named after Bohdan Khmelnytsky, the Bank Press Center reports with reference to the Marketing and VIP-Clients Service Department of the Khmelnytsky OD.
		The Academy of frontier-guards of Ukraine was founded in accordance with the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of April 12, 1995 No. 268 on the basis of the Institute of Frontier-Guards of Ukraine, established in 1992.
	www.aval.ua /eng/press/news?id=17824 (457 words)

	History of Kiev (Ukraine)
		In 1648-1654 Cossack armies, headed by Hetman (Ukrainian for Cossack leader) Bohdan Khmelnytsky waged several wars to liberate Ukraine.
		Confronted by the armies of Polish and Lithuanian feudal lords, Bohdan Khmelnytsky sought the protection of the Russian Tsar in the Treaty of Pereyaslav.
		Unfortunately, as a result, Ukraine was plunged into a long period of domination by the Russian Empire.
	www.rentapartment.com.ua /history.html (879 words)

	B. Wytwycky: Bohdan Khmelnytsky and anti-Semitism (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Until the 1940s Ukraine had for many centuries been the home of one of the world's largest populations of Jews, who alternately thrived there and were the victims of prejudice as well as of intermittent, sometimes fierce, outbreaks of violence.
		The first major outbreak of violence directed against the Jews of Ukraine occurred during the popular rebellion led by B. Khmelnytsky (1648).
		Allport's classic definition of ethnic prejudice, of which A-S is a species, defines it as antipathy based on faulty and inflexible generalizations.
	ukar.org /encukras.htm (280 words)

	Kyiv Post. Yushchenko inauguration to be a compendium of symbols (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Bohdan Khmelnytsky’s ghost, Yushchenko suggests, hangs over high state proceedings
		For the inauguration, Yushchenko's staff has brought in from overseas museums a mace and a flag that belonged to Bohdan Khmelnytsky, an 18th-century Cossack leader revered by Ukrainian nationalists for his resistance to Russian and Polish rule.
		How the relics are to be used in the ceremonies hasn't been detailed, but any prominent use of them could disturb Ukraine's large ethnic Russian population, who fear that Yushchenko will cultivate intense nationalism and will lead to discrimination against them.
	www.kyivpost.com /top/22228/print (473 words)

	Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky
		Bohdan Khmelnytsky; silhouette of the statue in Kyiv
		From 1648 he lead negotiations with the Russian government (Zemskiy Sobor, 1653), skillfully took advantage of the discord between Poland and the Ottoman Empire and other nations.
		Under Khmelnytsky's leadership, The Pereiaslav Treaty (1654) was drawn which united* Ukraine and [the tsar of Muscovy, now Russia].
	www.brama.com /ukraine/history/khmelnytsky (169 words)

	Ukrainian Dating and Travel Agency: Our Country: Ukrainian History
		In 1648-1654 the Cossack armies, headed by the military header Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky, waged wars to liberate Ukraine.
		Besieged by the enemies on all sides, Bohdan Khmelnytsky was forced to turn for protection to the Russian Tsar and the treaty signed at the town of Pereyaslav formalised Russian - Ukrainian relations.
		The Russian Empire puts its heavy boot on Ukraine but in spite of the domineering pressure Ukraine managed to preserve some of her political, economical, cultural and religious heritage.
	www.ukrainian-woman.com /ukraine/history.shtml (700 words)

	Decree: Bohdan Khmelnytsky
		The Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, award of the President of Ukraine, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Class (hereafter the Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky), is instituted.
		The Statute and the description of the Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, 1st, 2nd, 3rd Class are approved.
		The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine is to provide financial and logistical support for making the insignia of the Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky and award certificates.
	www.elitprofi.com.ua /en/khmel.shtm (1067 words)

	FirsTnews / Articles (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The relic, which is kept at the Polish Host Museum in Warsaw, was brought to Kyiv by efforts of the Intellectual Cooperation Fund Ukraine - XXI Century.
		Leader of the Fund, head of the Untied Ukraine Party, MP Bohdan Hubsky showed the mace during the ceremony at the Museum, taking it out from a special metallic case.
		Bohdan Khmelnytsky's mace, one of the most important symbols of the hetman title, was made of rhinoceros horn and incrusted with ivory in the XVIIth century.
	www.firstnews.com.ua /en/article.html?id=4502 (305 words)

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