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	Bohemund I - LoveToKnow 1911
		From Constantinople to Antioch Bohemund was the real leader of the First Crusade; and it says much for his leading that the First Crusade succeeded in crossing Asia Minor, which the Crusades of 1101, 1147 and 1189 failed to accomplish.
		A politique, Bohemund was resolved to engineer the enthusiasm of the crusaders to his own ends; and when his nephew Tancred left the main army at Heraclea, and attempted to establish a footing in Cilicia, the movement may have been already intended as a preparation for Bohemund's eastern principality.
		Bohemund was the first to get into position before Antioch (October 1097), and he took a great part in the siege, beating off the Mahommedan attempts at relief from the east, and connecting the besiegers on the west with the port of St Simeon and the Italian ships which lay there.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Bohemund_I (1008 words)

	Raymond of Antioch
		Raymund, prince of Antioch (1099-1149), was the son of William VI[?], count of Poitou.
		On the death of Bohemund II of Antioch, the principality devolved upon his daughter, Constance, a child of some three years of age (1130).
		Fulk, the king of Jerusalem, and, as such, guardian of Antioch, was concerned to find a husband for her, and sent envoys to England to offer her hand to Raymund, who was then at the court of Henry I.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ra/Raymond_of_Antioch.html (510 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: County of Tripoli
		Bohemund III of Antioch (1144-1201), also know as the Stammerer, was ruler of the principality of Antioch (a crusader state) from 1163 to his death.
		Bohemund VII (died October 19, 1287) was count of Tripoli from 1275 to 1287.
		Bohemund VI of Antioch (1237-1275), was ruler of the principality of Antioch (a crusader state) between 1251 and 1268.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/County-of-Tripoli (3734 words)

	County of Tripoli
		Raymond thus unsuccessfully argued in favor of peace with Saladin, but, ironically, it was Saladin's siege of Raymond's Countess in Tiberias that led the Crusader army into Galilee before its defeat at Hattin in 1187, and although Raymond survived the battle, he died soon afterwards.
		After Bohemund III's death in 1201, the County was in personal union with Antioch for all but three years (1216-1219) until Antioch's own fall to the Mamelukes in 1268.
		The death of the unpopular Count Bohemund VII in 1287 led to a dispute between his heir, his sister Lucia, and the city's commune, which put itself under the protection of the Genoese.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/co/County_of_Tripoli.html (467 words)

	[No title]
		Bohemund, by means of a spy who had embraced the Christian religion, and to whom he had given his own name at baptism, kept up a daily communication with this captain, and made him the most magnificent promises of reward, if he would deliver up his post to the Christian knights.
		Bohemund communicated the scheme to Godfrey and the Count of Toulouse, with the stipulation that, if the city were won, he, as the soul of the enterprise, should enjoy the dignity of Prince of Antioch.
		Bohemund, to drive them to their duty, set fire to the whole quarter, and many of them perished in the flames, while the rest of the army looked on with the utmost indifference.
	courses.ed.asu.edu /gonzalez/APHB/ETexts/Mackay.C/Delusions2.txt (22028 words)

	First Crusade - Free net encyclopedia
		Antioch was so large that the crusaders did not have enough troops to fully surround it, and thus it was able to stay partially supplied.
		Bohemund bribed an Armenian guard of the city to surrender his tower, and in June the crusaders entered the city and killed most of the inhabitants.
		Bohemund asserted his claim to Antioch, but not everyone agreed, and the crusade was delayed for the rest of the year while the nobles argued amongst themselves.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/First_Crusade (4815 words)

	The Alexiad, book\ XII, Domestic Conflicts : Second Norman Invasion (1105-1107) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-10)
		For the barbarian Bohemund, whom we have mentioned so frequently, was preparing for his attack on the Roman throne by collecting an immense army, and on the other side this party of pretenders rose against the Emperor, as we said before in the preface.
		Bohemund on his side arranged twelve pirate-vessels around his own, all biremes, with a large number of rowers, who by the regular beat of their oars made a loud, echoing noise.
		Indeed, when Landulph saw Bohemund crossing the sea with this dread array and with transports carrying myriads of men, as we have already more accurately described, he sailed away a little from Valona as he was unable to fight against such numbers and gave Bohemund a free entry.
	www.earth-history.com /Europe/Alexiad/alexiad-book-12.htm (7990 words)

	The Counts of Toulouse and the County of Tripoli
		Bohemund was at the time attempting to expand Antioch into Byzantine territory, and once again refused to fulfill his oath to the Byzantine Emperor.
		In 1102 he travelled by sea from Constantinople to Antioch, where he was imprisoned by Tancred, regent of Antioch during the captivity of Bohemund, and was dismissed only after promising not to attempt any conquests in the country between Antioch and Acre.
		Bohemund III of Antioch installed his own son, Bohemund IV, as Count but it was too late.
	www.languedoc-france.info /19020104_tripoli.htm (3720 words)

	The First Crusade
		There the learned Bohemund made a very cordial agreement with two Cortalotii; and out of regard for their friendship, as well as in justice to the land, he ordered all the stolen animals which our men had to be returned.
		Bohemund responded to all these things as he thought best for his own interests, affably and in a friendly way, while the Emperor recalled in a familiar talk his bold undertakings long ago around Durazzo and Larissa and the hostilities between them at that time.
		Moreover, Antioch is so situated in those passes which the river, clinging to the aforesaid mountains, makes that on the west the river, flowing against the lower wall, leaves a certain portion of land in the form of a bow between it and the city.
	www.deremilitari.org /resources/sources/firstcrusade.htm (14709 words)

	b. The Crusades. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Siege and capture (by treachery) of Antioch (1097–98); countersiege of the Christians in Antioch by the emir of Mosul; election of Bohemund as leader.
		Continued divisions among the Muslims and the weakness of the Greeks favored the progress of the Latin states: the kingdom of Jerusalem, in close commercial alliance with the Italian towns (Genoa, Pisa, and, later, Venice), profited by the commerce through its ports and extended south to tap the Red Sea trade.
		The other states: the county of Edessa (established by Baldwin), the principality of Antioch (established by Bohemund), and the county of Tripoli (set up by Raymond of Toulouse) were fiefs of Jerusalem (divided into four great baronies and into lesser fiefs).
	www.bartleby.com /67/505.html (1306 words)

	32nd Generation (cont.)
		Bohemund of Antioch II, Prince of Antioch and Tarrenne "Boemond" was born 1107 in Antioch, Syria and married 1126.
		BIOGRAPHY: Bohemund II was the prince of Antioch from 1119 to 1130.
		Godfrey de Louvain VII, Count of Louvain, Duke of Lower Brabant and Lower Lorraine "The Bearded" was born 1064 in Lower Lorraine région, France.
	www.boazfamilytree.com /jbourchier/aqwg32.htm (1936 words)

	HISTORY OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH* (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-10)
		Bohemund, prince of Tarentum, was the son of Robert Guiscard.
		During the siege of Antioch, which had fallen to the Seljuks, 1084, the ranks were decimated by famine, pestilence, and desertion, among the deserters being Stephen of Chartres and his followers.
		It was not till the spring following the capture of Antioch, that the leaders were able to compose their quarrels and the main army was able again to begin the march.
	www.ccel.org /s/schaff/history/5_ch07.htm (17139 words)

	Crusades in the Levant (1097-1291)
		Moreover, once the Kingdom of Jerusalam and Counties of Tripoli and Antioch were established the main burden of fighting was born by the permanent settlement of crusaders and their descendants.
		Bohemund remained in Antioch and Raymund besieged Arca from February to May of 1099 and attempted to capture Tripoli.
		Louis VII (with wife, Eleanor of Acquitaine, niece of Raymond) and Conrad reach Holy Land at Antioch.
	xenophongroup.com /montjoie/crusade2.htm (7678 words)

	Bohemund VI of Antioch - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bohemund VI of Antioch (1237–1275), was ruler of the principality of Antioch (a crusader state) between 1251 and 1268.
		Bohemund VI was the son of Bohemund V of Antioch by his wife Luciana of Segni, niece of Pope Innocent III.
		In 1254 Bohemund married Sibylla of Armenia, under the truce negotiated by Louis IX of France that ended the power struggle between the two states, started by Bohemund IV, his grandfather.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bohemund_VI_of_Antioch (229 words)

	BOHEMUND VI - Online Information article about BOHEMUND VI
		Bohemund V. by Luciana, a daughter of the See also:
		marriage of Bohemund V. and Alice, the widow of Hugh I., was thus maintained.
		sultan; but in 1268 he lost Antioch to Bibars, and when he died in 1275 he was only count of Tripoli.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /BLA_BOS/BOHEMUND_VI.html (306 words)

	Alexius I Comnenus - Phantis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-10)
		Under Michael VII Parapinaces (1071–1078) and Nicephorus III Botaniates (1078–1081) he was also employed, along with his elder brother Isaac, against rebels in Asia Minor, Thrace and in Epirus in 1071.
		By that time Alexius was the lover of the Empress Maria Bagrationi, a daughter of king Bagrat IV of Georgia who was successively married to Michael VII Ducas and his successor Botaniates, and was renowned for her beauty.
		The crusaders believed their oaths were made invalid when Alexius did not help them during the siege of Antioch; Bohemund, who had set himself up as Prince of Antioch, briefly went to war with Alexius, but agreed to become Alexius' vassal under the Treaty of Devol in 1108.
	wiki.phantis.com /index.php/Alexius_I_Comnenus (763 words)

	Saudi Aramco World : Deus Vult! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-10)
		Antioch was a many-horned dilemma: too dangerous to be left in the crusader rear, too well-provisioned to starve into submission, too strong for frontal assault, too united to subvert.
		Antioch, which the Gesta Francorum calls "extremely beautiful, distinguished and delightful," was the anvil on which the First Crusade was tempered in the heat of battle and the icy winter of 1097.
		Leaving behind Bohemund as Prince of Antioch,~ the crusaders toiled down the eastern Mediterranean coast, arriving before the gates of Jerusalem on June 7, with scarcely 12,000 knights and infantry left of the proud force that had left France three years before.
	www.saudiaramcoworld.com /issue/197003/deus.vult..htm (3200 words)

	comnena
		The other Counts agreed to Bohemund's plan, and in their dreams of capturing the capital had come to the same decision (which I have often mentioned already) that while in appearance making the journey to Jerusalem, in reality their object was to dethrone the Emperor and to capture the capital.
		When we reached Antioch we fought for three months under great difficulty both against the enemy and against famine, which was more severe than had ever been experienced before, with the result that most of us ate of the very foods which are forbidden by law.
		He knew Bohemund to be a man of consummate guile and energy and, although he was quite willing to accept open battle with him, as I have said, yet he never ceased working against him by every other possible means and device.
	www.humanistictexts.org /comnena.htm (7960 words)

	Jere's Ars Magica Saga: Byzantine Timeline
		The Byzantine emperor Michael VII abdicates and is succeeded by a soldier chosen by the Asiatic troops.
		Antioch falls after a 9-month siege by Bohemund of Otranto who has lost 5,000 of his 7,000 hoses to hunger and disease.
		Antioch is forced to pay homage to the Byzantine Emperor John II Komnenos who has conquered Cilician (Little) Armenia.
	www.geocities.com /leucretia/bginfo/timeline.html (3719 words)

	The Gnostic Science of Alchemy Chapter Eleven (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-10)
		These Normans, led by Bohemund and his nephew Tancred, brought the most experienced and capable soldiers in Europe to the crusading movement.
		Bohemund's father, Roger of Guiscard, had almost conquered Constantinople itself a few years before, and the Normans scented opportunity in the call to the east.
		Perhaps because of his old association with Godfroi, by this point the acknowledged leader of the crusade, Peter was respected as a visionary and councilor to the group.
	www.sangraal.com /library/gsa11.html (7282 words)

	Military and Organization
		At first (634) Heraclius himself came to Antioch to organize the campaign, then followed the lethargy due to his sickness, and he supinely allowed the Arabs to advance.
		Michael VII, Parapinaces (1071-78), the pupil of Psellus, was raised to the throne.
		Between 1081 and 1085 Epirus and Thessaly were threatened by Robert Guiscard and his son Bohemund, who were twice defeated in naval encounters by the Byzantines in league with the Venetians.
	fstav.freeservers.com /military.html (8102 words)

	Nur ad-Din Summary
		Almost as soon as he began his rule, Nur ad-Din attacked the Principality of Antioch, seizing several castles in the north of Syria, while at the same time he defeated an attempt by Joscelin II to recover the County of Edessa, which had been conquered by Zengi in 1144.
		In 1148, the Second Crusade arrived in Syria, led by Louis VII of France and Conrad III of Germany.
		He did not, however, attack Antioch itself; he was content with capturing all Antiochene territory east of the Orontes and leaving a rump state around the city, which in any case soon fell under the suzerainty of the Byzantine Empire.
	www.bookrags.com /Nur_ad-Din (2415 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Byzantine Empire
		In 611 they captured Antioch and the eastern part of Asia Minor in 613 Damascus, and in 614 Jerusalem.
		Constantine VII, Porphyrogenitus (913-59), the long wished-for heir, by the fourth marriage of Leo the Wise, inherited the learned tastes of his father, but was not completely deficient in energy.
		Between 1081 and 1085 Albania and Thessaly were threatened by Robert Guiscard and his son Bohemund, who were twice defeated in naval encounters by the Byzantines in league with the Venetians.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/03096a.htm (16908 words)

	Baldwin III of Jerusalem Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-10)
		At the beginning of his reign the Byzantine Empire was attempting to impose its influence over the Principality of Antioch in Cilicia, and Zengi of Mosul had invaded the County of Edessa.
		In 1149, after the failure of the crusade, Baldwin III appeared in Antioch as regent after the fall of Raymund, the husband of the princess Constance, daughter of Bohemund II of Antioch.
		In 1162 Baldwin died and was succeeded by his brother Amalric I. Baldwin III was the first of the kings of Jerusalem who was born in Palestine.
	www.biographybase.com /biography/Baldwin_III_of_Jerusalem.html (667 words)

	BOOK SEVEN
		Until the siege of Antioch was over, he had to be carried on a litter, and since he could not look after himself or others, he quickly lost almost 15,000 men of those who had belonged to him, but who abandoned him when he became disabled.
		When the city was fortunately captured, Bohemund, who had won the right to rule, by means of the hunger, cold, and loss of blood suffered by the Franks, preferred to remain there, rather to go on to trouble about liberating the tomb of Jesus Christ.
		After they left, each for his own territory, Bohemund was attacked by a large Turkish force as he was entering a certain city, and led away as a captive to a distant region of Persia.
	www.bu.edu /english/levine/gdpf7.htm (19245 words)

	Eastern Patriarchates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-10)
		The city of Antioch was founded in 300 BCE, as the capital of the Seleucid Empire.
		The Latin Patriarch of Antioch was an office established in the aftermath of the First Crusade by Bohemund, the first Prince of Antioch.
		The Treaty of Devol between Antioch and the Byzantine Empire restored the Greek patriarch, though it was never enforced and the Greek patriarch continued to be resident at Constantinople.
	www.hostkingdom.net /orthodox.html (1948 words)

	Kingdom of Jerusalem information - Search.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-10)
		The influence of Jerusalem was further extended over Edessa and Antioch, where Baldwin II acted as regent when their own leaders were killed in battle, although Baldwin himself was defeated and imprisoned by the Seljuk Turks several times throughout his reign, leading to regency governments in Jerusalem as well.
		Baldwin's daughters were also married into the families of the Count of Tripoli and Prince of Antioch, while in Jerusalem his eldest daughter Melisende was his heir and succeeded him upon his death in 1131.
		Meeting in Acre in 1148, the crusading kings Louis VII of France and Conrad III of Germany decided to attack the friendly Emir of Damascus, with whom peace had been established during the reign of Fulk in order for both states to avoid the advances of Zengi and his son and successor Nur ad-Din.
	c10-ss-1-lb.cnet.com /reference/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem (6342 words)

	earlyBlazon.com
		The principality of Antioh was founded in 1098 by Prince Bohemund of Taranto.
		The county of Tripoli was founded in 1102 by Count Raymond of Toulouse.
		At the end of the XIIth century, the county of Tripoli was given to Bohemund IV of Antioch.
	perso.modulonet.fr /~earlyblazo/nation/crusaderStates/antioche.htm (142 words)

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