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	Bohm interpretation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Bohm interpretation of quantum mechanics, sometimes called the Ontological interpretation, or Bohmian Mechanics is an interpretation postulated by David Bohm in 1952, which was an extension of the de Broglie-pilot-wave theory of 1927.
		The interpretation assumes a single, nonsplitting universe (unlike the Everett many-worlds interpretation) and is deterministic (unlike the Copenhagen interpretation).
		The minimum benefit of Bohm's interpretation - independently from the debate whether it is the preferable formulation - is a disproof of the claim that quantum mechanics implies that particles cannot exist before being measured.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bohm_interpretation (2786 words)

	David Bohm
		Bohm was born in 1917 at Wiles-Barre, Pennsylvania[?].
		Bohm's colleagues sought to have his position at Princeton reinstated, and Einstein reportedly wanted Bohm to serve as his assistant, but Bohm's contract with the university was not renewed.
		Bohm made a number of significant contributions to physics, particularly in the area of quantum mechanics and relativity theory.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/da/David_Bohm.html (555 words)

	[No title]
		Bohm refused, and though he was brought to trial and acquitted of contempt of congress, he was fired by Princeton and spent the rest of his life as an expatriate.
		Bohm argued that the Schrodenger equation, used to predict the results of these experiments as probabilistic outcomes, could be interpreted as a new species of a traditional fields and particles.
		Bohm's vision here is Hegelian: the various stages of the absolute become manifest through the acts of the Absolute itself and consciousness knows them by bringing itself into a form akin to it.
	www.gis.net /~tbirch/bohm1.txt (2797 words)

	David Bohm and the Implicate Order
		Bohm suggests that the whole universe can be thought of as a kind of giant, flowing hologram, or holomovement, in which a total order is contained, in some implicit sense, in each region of space and time.
		Bohm believed that life and consciousness are enfolded deep in the generative order and are therefore present in varying degrees of unfoldment in all matter, including supposedly ’inanimate’ matter such as electrons or plasmas.
		Bohm believed that the general tendency for individuals, nations, races, social groups, etc., to see one another as fundamentally different and separate was a major source of conflict in the world.
	www.bibliotecapleyades.net /esp_paradigmaholo04.htm (2146 words)

	Bohm's Pilot Wave Theory
		Bohm sent out preprints of the paper and was quickly informed that his interpretation was an old one, proposed 25 years earlier by Louis de Broglie.
		Bohm's pilot wave is more subtle: it guides particles not through its amplitude but through its form-much as the form rather than the amplitude of a flight-controller's radio transmission controls a plane's behaviour.
		Bohm's theory can fully account for the outcomes of the experiments with the contraption-the experiment seemed to imply that electrons can be in states in which there fails to be any fact about where they are.
	www.uncletaz.com /library/scimath/pilotwave.html (2270 words)

	History of Twentieth-Century Philosophy of Science Book 7
		Bohm's interpretation was shown to be consistent with all the essential characteristics of the quantum theory, and additional suggestions were made by Vigier, a colleague of de Broglie.
		Bohm's second objective is to propose an interpretation of the history of physics, which shows successful precedents for the research strategy represented by his hidden-variable interpretation of quantum theory.
		Thus Bohm affirms by way of historical analogy and on the basis of his nonmechanistic interpretation of the history of science that there is a still deeper level, a subquantum level, which in turn explains the randomness that is detected at the higher quantum level of magnitude.
	philsci.com /book7.htm (3061 words)

	Lifework of quantum physicist David Bohm by Will Keepin
		Bohm later reflected that these collective movements, which today are called Bohm-diffusion, gave him the impression that the sea of electrons was somehow "alive." This was Bohm's first important discovery in physics, and it hints at the deeper themes of wholeness and interconnectedness that characterize his life's work.
		Bohm was rare among physicists in recognizing this, and he exhibited commensurate humility in the interpretation and extrapolation of his theories.
		Bohm was first exposed to Krishnamurti's teaching when his wife, Saral, brought home to him one of Krishnamurti's books from the library because she noticed that it centred on the observer/observed relationship, which is so crucial in quantum theory.
	www.vision.net.au /~apaterson/science/david_bohm.htm (12586 words)

	David Bohm
		As an example of the interdisciplinary nature of the Cognitive Sciences, David Bohm was a respected theoretical physicist and fellow of the Royal Society and Emeritus Professor of the Physics at Birkbeck College, University London.
		As he encountered the limitations of professional self interest Bohm noted, over his years as a physicist, how this hindered western science's progress, yet he also came to see this as a natural process that was imbedded in the neurophysiology of how the mind works.
		These evolutionary older sections of the brain are engaged in the basic interpretations of environment and survival, transmitting the signals that cause the body to prepare itself for flight, freezing in place, or fighting.
	www.sonic.net /~jblair/interact/readings/biblio/bohm.htm (572 words)

	The Mystery of Matter, Chapter 1
		Bohm is strongly effected by his meeting with Einstein, sets out to look for such a theory, finds the beginning of one, and publishes two papers in 1952, von Neumann's proofs not withstanding.
		In Bohm and Hiley's theory, the state of the second atom is dependent on the measurement apparatus of the first atom, and this interconnectedness is brought about by the quantum potential.
		This interpretation of quantum theory which can produce the results of the conventional interpretation, and thus has the status of an independent physical theory, was connected, in their minds, with more general considerations.
	www.innerexplorations.com /catchmeta/mys1.htm (4636 words)

	Stardrive.org - - Bohm Page
		The orthodox Copenhagen interpretation of Niels Bohr is totally idealistic asserting that the world at the fundamental level of quantum reality only consists of thoughtlike things which then “collapse” into the rocklike things of classical physics.
		Now Bohm shows how quantum mechanics is the approximate limiting case of zero back-action just like the similar case of the flat spacetime of special relativity which has zero gravitational field in it.
		Bohm goes on to say that the new form-dependence implies that a particle may not move uniformly in a straight line in the absence of all classical forces.
	www.stardrive.org /bohm.html (4589 words)

	SWC Goswami Article Summer 1999
		Bohm’s basic idea is to represent the situation of quantum mechanics with a wave piloting a particle, an idea he took from de Broglie (19).
		Bohm and his collaborators think that this is a causal interpretation of quantum mechanics because a classical trajectory has been calculated.
		Bohm has always emphasized how beautiful his theory is for understanding and appreciating quantum nonlocality as the action of the quantum potential.
	www.swcp.com /~hswift/swc/Summer99/goswami9901.htm (1551 words)

	Chapter 9: Alternative Interpretations
		Bohm became a leading proponent of the 'hidden variable' theory, which restores determinancy at the quantum level.
		In Bohm's interpretation, the Schrödinger wave function is treated almost like a classical force field, such as a magnetic force field or gravitation.
		A many-worlds interpretation hypothesis would be that all possible values of these paramters actually occur in parallel universes; we happen to reside on the one with finely-tuned parameters.
	www.faqs.org /docs/qp/chap09.html (605 words)

	Measurement in quantum mechanics FAQ: Bohm's theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Bohm's interpretation is an explicitly nonlocal mechanistic model.
		Bohm was perhaps the first to truly understand the nonlocal nature of quantum mechanics.
		Bohm & B.J. Hiley, The Undivided Universe: an ontological interpretation of quantum theory (Routledge: London & New York, 1993).
	www.mtnmath.com /faq/meas-qm-7.html (202 words)

	David Bohm
		From this result, Bohm concludes that ‘space, which has so much energy, is full rather than empty.’ For Bohm, this enormous energy inherent in ‘empty’ space can be viewed as theoretical evidence for the existence of a vast, yet hidden realm such as the implicate order.
		Later, Bohm came to believe that material and informational processes are inextricably intertwined together in all things, and he used the term soma-significance to refer to this intrinsic interpenetration.
		Bohm approached science as a quest for truth, and, in this spirit, he unpacked and revealed the epistemological foundations of science (in his study of order), and he utilized these insights to conceive a profound ontological hypothesis (the holomovement and implicate orders).
	www.halexandria.org /dward404.htm (2591 words)

	Consistent histories and the Bohm approach.
		It is well known that realist interpretations of the quantum formalism are known to be notoriously difficult to sustain and it is only natural that the two competing approaches, the consistent history interpretation (CH) [1] [2] and the Bohm interpretation (BI)[3] [4], should be carefully compared and contrasted.
		In the Bohm approach, an additional potential, the quantum potential, appears in the region of interference and it is this potential that has a structure which `reflects' the trajectories as shown in figure 3.
		Notice that in criticising the Bohm approach, it is this consistent history interpreted as a `particle trajectory' that is contrasted with the Bohm trajectory.
	www.bbk.ac.uk /tpru/OwenMaroney/paper3/tpru_3.htm (3231 words)

	Interview with BASIL HILEY
		The reason why David Bohm in his paper called them "hidden" was because they are hidden in the sense the position and momentum are not simultaneously known to us: you cannot observe them directly together.
		It is the contingency of initial conditions in the ontological interpretation that is uncontrolable and unpredictable.
		Bohm was not a man who would try to transcend..., but he certainly felt that it was a spiritual side to man. I would not call him a religious man, but he was very sensitive, always seeking harmony, understanding, coherence.
	goertzel.org /dynapsyc/1997/interview.html (10160 words)

	Bohm's Pilot Wave Theory
		espite his own enormous ambition as a truth seeker, Bohm rejected the possibility that scientists can ever bring their enterprise to an end by reducing all of nature to a single ftindamental phenomenon (such as infinitesimal particles called superstrings).
		Spin behaviour is disrupted in a sequence ofthree measurementsElectrons are measured one at a time for their hrizontal spins (left), then for their vertical spins (right) and again for their horizontal spins (bottom).
		This is because those which make it to the end definitely were down spinning and hence had had a disrupting measurement made of their vertical spin.
	www.dhushara.com /book/quantcos/bohm/bohm.htm (2746 words)

	Bohmian Mechanics
		Bohm showed explicitly how parameters could indeed be introduced, into nonrelativistic wave mechanics, with the help of which the indeterministic description could be transformed into a deterministic one.
		Bohm of course was well aware of these features of his scheme, and has given them much attention.
		This is the opinion of Bohm and Hiley (1993), of Holland (1993), and of Valentini (2001).
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/qm-bohm (11598 words)

	Bohm - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
		Marquard Bohm (1941-2006), German actor, see German article
		This human name article is a disambiguation page – a list of pages that might otherwise share the same title, which is a person's or persons' name.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bohm (129 words)

	Amazon.com: Wholeness and the Implicate Order: Books: David Bohm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Bohm was one of the most important thinkers in Western culture, not just our time or the last century.
		Bohm's interpretation is, by necessity, nonlocal, where as the other is explicitly local.
		Bohm believes there are hidden variables in the quantum theory, despite its indeterminism of the Heisenberg principle and Von Neumanns arguments and the paradox of Einstein, Rosen and Podolsky.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0415119669?v=glance (2855 words)

	Re: Bohm interpretation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		> > The complete exposition of Bohm's interpretation of quantum mechanics > > is contained in the book "The Undivided Universe", by Bohm and Hiley.
		The Bohm interpretation does not present a new theory at all.
		It is only an interpretation of quantum mechanics, in the same sense as the Copenhagen interpretation is only an interpretation of quantum mechanics and not an independent theory.
	www.lns.cornell.edu /spr/2004-07/msg0062801.html (209 words)

	Amazon.fr : The Quantum Theory of Motion: An Account of the De Broglie-Bohm Causal Interpretation of Quantum ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Amazon.fr : The Quantum Theory of Motion: An Account of the De Broglie-Bohm Causal Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics: Livres: P. Holland,Peter R. Holland
		This book presents the first comprehensive exposition of the interpretation of quantum mechanics pioneered by Louis de Broglie and David Bohm.
		The purpose is to explain how quantum processes may be visualized without ambiguity or confusion in terms of a simple physical model.
	www.amazon.fr /exec/obidos/ASIN/0521485436 (311 words)

	Quantum Philosophy Theories
		Gil Oliveira Neto -The de Broglie-Bohm Interpretation of Evaporating Black-Holes- 5)Dr.Owen Maroney,Prof.B.Hiley -Consistent histories and the Bohm approach.
		Ruth Kastner -Geometrical Phase Effects and Bohm’s Quantum Potential and TSQT Elements of Possibility- 13)Prof.
		Basil Hiley -Non-commutative Geometry, the Bohm Interpretation and the Mind-Matter Relationship- 46)Dr. Cihan Saclioglu - The Quantum Mechanical Foundations of Philosophy- 47) Prof.
	www.qpt.org.uk (688 words)

	The KLI Theory Lab - keywords - Bohm
		The KLI Theory Lab - keywords - Bohm
		Pylkkänen, P. Mind, Matter and Active Information: The Relevance of David Bohm's Interpretation of Quantum Theory to Cognitive Science.
		Keywords: Bohm • mind-body problem • quantum physics.
	www.kli.ac.at /theorylab/Keyword/B/Bohm.html (58 words)

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