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	Bokeh - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Bokeh characteristics may be quantified by the circle of confusion.
		Bokeh is especially important for large aperture macro lenses and long telephoto lenses becauses they're typically used with a narrow depth of field.
		Bokeh is also important for "portrait lenses" (typically medium telephoto - 85-150 mm on 35 mm format) because the photographer would typically select a shallow depth of field (wide aperture) to have an out of focus background, to make the subject stand out.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /bokeh.htm (467 words)

	Bokeh - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bokeh (from the Japanese boke ぼけ, "blur") is a term used in photography to describe the subjective aesthetic quality of out-of-focus areas of an image projected by a camera lens.
		Bokeh is especially important for large-aperture lenses, macro lenses and long telephoto lenses becauses they're typically used with a narrow depth of field.
		Bokeh is also important for "portrait lenses" (typically medium telephoto — 85–150 mm on 35-mm format) because the photographer would typically select a shallow depth of field (wide aperture) to have an out of focus background, to make the subject stand out.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bokeh (556 words)

	Bokeh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A Japanese term used in photography,Bokeh is the transliteration of a Japanese word for "blur." Bokeh is the subjective aesthetic quality of out-of-focus areas of an image projected by a camera lens.
		Bokeh characteristics are primarily determined by the circle of confusion.
		Bokeh is also important a portrait lens (medium telephoto) because the photographer very often selects a shallow depth of field to make to have a a out of focus background and make the subject stand out.
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/b/bo/bokeh.html (289 words)

	Minox Historical Society: Bokeh
		The most striking form of Bokeh, the one most photographers recognize, is the rings of light produced by an out-of-focus mirror telephoto lens.
		Bokeh can turn a point of light into an evenly filled-in circle or to a circle bright in the middle and fading at the periphery or to one dim in the middle and harsh on the circumference.
		The accompanying pictures show the Bokeh from the Complan lens in a Minox B. The pictures were taken on Kodak Technical Pan film and printed with a Minox enlarger onto Ilford Multigrade IV paper.
	www.minox.org /minoxencyclopedia/b/bokeh.html (1048 words)

	Camera Lenses Bokeh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Bokeh is derived from a Japanese term referring to the appearance of out-of-focus highlights as rendered by various lenses.
		Bokeh simply refers to > >the character of the areas of a photo that are not in focus, and lens design > >creates noticable differences in the rendering of highlights in these areas.
		Bokeh is variously described as "hard edged blurs", "abrupt transitions from light to dark", "poor definition in out of focus objects", " doubling of out of focus lines","soft edged blurs", "smooth even transitions in areas of contrast".
	medfmt.8k.com /mf/bokeh.html (20461 words)

	CG Education
		Bokeh refers to the phenomenon that occurs when parts of a photographic image go out of focus.
		Notice my final image is not as chaotic as the original, you may wish to try adding a little noise to the lens reflections to give them more variety, or possibly play with the anamorphic quality of the flare to stretch and squash the lens reflections.
		And of course, do lots of research, watch bokeh effects in all kinds of lighting situations, you may have to modify your "circles" to be pentagons or even rectangles, get a lot of reference and start seeing what different types of bright objects produce what types of artifacts.
	www.neilblevins.com /cg_education/faking_bokeh/faking_bokeh.htm (1079 words)

	Bokeh
		This means that in practice, even though all the light coming through the lens from a point on the subject may meet at a nice, tiny point on the film, that the light distribution within the cone itself may be uneven.
		The reason bokeh is discussed in photography is because we prefer soft out-of-focus areas to hard ones that seem to take on texture, even though everything is out-of-focus.
		For bad bokeh have a look at the July 2004 Fuji flyer that has green squares on the cover that says "In the Right Hands, Technology can be a Beautiful Thing." Inside the cover there's a great shot of an Indian playing a flute in Zion by Tim Meyer.
	www.kenrockwell.com /tech/bokeh.htm (1735 words)

	Bokeh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The "pop" of the subject from its background and/or foreground is affected by the type of bokeh but seems more spatially dependent on the DOF (depth-of-focus/field) or lack thereof.
		So either he was correct in his assumption or the bokeh brigade really are off their nut.
		Douglas' shots illustrate to me the importance of Bokeh when out of focus is forced because of the type of shot made - Melissa's shot illustrates an example of a photogrpaher choosing to use out of focus purposefully in a shot.
	www.photo.net /bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=00ACw9 (4769 words)

	Canon Digital Photography Forums - bokeh
		Notice the circular pattern to the bokeh, which is highlighted by the arrangement of the background shapes.
		Personally, I like lenses with a smooth bokeh for situations where the background will frequently be out of focus, such as in wildlife work and portraiture.
		One factor which influences bokeh is the shape of the lens aperture...
	photography-on-the.net /forum/printthread.php?t=12485 (2527 words)

	Bokeh
		My understanding of 'bad' bokeh is that an out-of-focus pinpoint of light will have greater density at the edges, so on a print it looks like a light doughnut.
		Double-line bokeh is almost a hallmark of Nikon lenses.
		However, I am a lot more concerned with bokeh when there is a LOT of out of focus areas, say when I am shooting with a shallow depth of field.
	www.largeformatphotography.info /lfforum/topic/65759.html (961 words)

	Lenses \| Blur, Focus, Bokeh, Aperatures and f-Stops.
		When you look at a blurry photograph, you can actually see the shape of the lens by looking at the bokeh — the shape into which pinpoints of light are spread by the lens of the camera.
		Move the screen toward or away from the lens such that you intercept that cone elswhere, and you form a blurry picture in which each point of light from the source object becomes one of many overlapping circles.
		They also gather less light, which is why they require that brighter light be supplied to the environment, or sometimes that what light there is be allowed to accumulate (on a recording medium like film) over a longer period of exposure time.
	www.digitalartform.com /lenses.htm (1200 words)

	PlanetNeil photography - bokeh
		Bokeh is the term used to desribe the quality of background blur in a photo,
		Some people will say that bokeh is subjective, but that is a point I don't entirely agree with.
		The 105mm DC lens has superb bokeh, so it should be quite apparent in comparison photographs why I didn't like the 28-105mm lens in this respect.
	www.planetneil.com /faq/bokeh.html (475 words)

	Bokeh in Pictures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In Robert Harrington's cruel but beautiful picture here, for instance, most of the area of the picture is occupied by bokeh, even though it has nothing to do with the subject of the picture.
		Still, if you just look at the bokeh as it exists, it's hard to deny that the color and brightness of the out of focus parts contribute to the sense of a certain kind of light, and the feeling of the outdoors.
		For them, bokeh is not much of an issue when they're working, although it's still pertinent when they're looking at other peoples' pictures.
	www.photo.net /mjohnston/column49 (833 words)

	Bokeh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A term used to describe the portions of the photograph that are not it focus, the fuzzy or blurry parts.
		Good bokeh can be seen in the natural, smooth and coherent way the out of focus objects in the photograph are presented.
		A common example is the out of focus "donut" blob of a specular highlight, usually associated with mirror lenses, or the double images seen in the bokeh of some lenses.
	www.pathcom.com /~vhchan/bokeh.html (580 words)

	Bokeh Central (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Bokeh, for me, is simply the rendition of out of focus areas of a photograph.
		Bokeh was brought to the forefront of everyone's attention by Harold M. Merklinger in an article published May/June 1997.
		A new development in bokeh land - Mike Johnston (writer on photographic equipment) - has just published a list of lenses in which he rates their bokeh.
	members.aol.com /dcolucci/bokeh.htm (261 words)

	bokeh - Canon Digital Photography Forums
		The reason people think it's mystical is because it is subjective, and also because it changes with aperture, and it's different in front of and behind the subject, and so it's hard to predict.
		For most landscapes where the intent is to be sharp over the whole frame, a little edginess in the bokeh can actually increase the apparent acutance for those areas just a bit out of focus.
		A Japanese term used in photography, bokeh is the subjective aesthetic quality of out-of-focus areas of an image projected by a camera lens.
	photography-on-the.net /forum/showthread.php?t=12485 (2430 words)

	BOKEH - FM Forums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Bokeh is a Japanese word and refers to the character of the out-of-focus portions of a photo.
		Bokeh is an inherent characteristic that distinguishes the out of focus areas of one lens from another.
		It seems that generally more people like round bokeh rather than hexagonal bokeh, I imagine the reason for this is that it creates a softer, smoother effect rather than a pointy jagged one.
	www.fredmiranda.com /forum/message_archives.php?Action=GoToLastPost&TopicID=70575 (479 words)

	Leica Forum: Bokeh - can someone explain?
		There is a theory that reducing the spherical aberrations in a lens to improve sharpness and contrast, increases this bright-edge effect.
		Problem is - bokeh is very dependent on the optics - but also on subject contrast, and the relative distances between the subject and the background.
		Some lenses may have very nice bokeh focused at 7 feet with a background at infinity - and rather poor bokeh focused at 3 feet with a background at 7 feet.
	www.leica-camera.com /discus_e/messages/3/59309.html?1081921549 (737 words)

	"More" bokeh?
		I use "bokeh" to describe the rendering of the out-of-focus area of an image (actually, I prefer just to call it "out-of-focus rendering" or some such), which may include the rendering of unfocused specular highlights, lines, and anything in the out-of-focus area.
		People talk about specific effects like "double-line bokeh" (single lines rendered as double in the OOF area--bad), "bright ring bokeh" (specular highlights brighter at the edge of the circle of confusion than in the center--bad), the "swirly bokeh" that's been mentioned, and such.
		It isn't possible for one lens to have "more" bokeh than any other, because bokeh refers to the subjective quality of how a lens renders objects that are out of focus.
	www.largeformatphotography.info /lfforum/topic/503241.html (1305 words)

	Review: Canon EF 85 f/1.8 vs EF 100 f/2 vs EF 135mm f/2 L Lenses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		I was interested in comparing sharpness (resolution) of the lenses at f/2 and background blur in out-of-focus areas (bokeh).
		Even at f/4, better bokeh is evident in the 135 f/2 L. Other characteristics often considered in evaluation of bokeh include how bright lights and lines appear in background areas.
		This lens produces pleasing bokeh, although background is not as nicely blurred as with longer length telephoto lenses.
	wlcastleman.com /equip/reviews/85_100_135 (1097 words)

	Bokeh
		Use Bokeh's nose as a line-of-sight to direct him to his target, and then ground the furry missile.
		Bokeh is a lone ratty in old age.
		Bokeh was sitting in the litter tray doing his business and at the same time chewing on the adjacent wardrobe door.
	www.dapper.com.au /bokeh.htm (1079 words)

	Bokeh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The word "Bokeh" comes from the two katakana characters "bo" and "ke" which mean "out-of-focus blur" Bo ke have been transliterated from "boke" to "bokeh" so that English speaking people will pronounce it correctly.
		My point is that asking someone to describe Bokeh is akin to trying to define art.
		Even though Preston Publications has tried to describe different kinds of Bokeh, it seems to me to be very nebulous.
	www.clearsightusa.com /bokeh.html (212 words)

	RE: EOS lenses with best bokeh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		So I think, bokeh is not an esoteric topic but very real and sometimes quite important.
		But there are also situations, where a supposedly "bad" bokeh, even a doughnut shaped like with a mirror lens, can really make the image.
		I realize that the Japanese are [overly] concerned with it and have placed rounder apertures in their newer lenses to improve bokeh.
	www.mail-archive.com /eos@a1.nl/msg06634.html (341 words)

	VWvortex Forums: I need some focus/out of focus lessons...bokeh help...(and rate some of my pictures!)
		I've never gotten bokeh from a P/S camera, since their depth of field is so large due to the image sensor being so close to the lens.
		bokeh is a ridiculous term recently coined by people more concerned with discussing their equipment ad nauseum on internet photoforums than actually getting out and USING that equipment.
		bokeh does not refer soley to out of focus areas.
	forums.vwvortex.com /zerothread?id=1854663 (2398 words)

	Leica FAQ - What is "Bokeh"?
		When you use a lens at a wide aperture (ƒ1 - ƒ5.6), 'Bokeh' refers to the out of focus portions of the image - in particular its visually pleasing nature or lack thereof.
		From practical experience, Bokeh is more pleasing if there is a large enough number of lens diaphragm blades to form a circular (rather than pentagonal or hexagonal) aperture opening.
		is also worth a peak in that it has an interactive JavaScript image-map, which allows you play around with bokeh effects.
	www.nemeng.com /leica/014e.shtml (308 words)

	bokeh
		Harold Merklinger is a well regarded expert in the field of optics and author of several books on the topic.
		Boke (or Bokeh if you prefer), is the Japanese-originated concept of the difference between out of focus areas of an image due to lens design.
		This article will be heavy going for some, but should be of interest to anyone desiring a technical understanding of this complex and controversial topic.
	www.luminous-landscape.com /essays/bokeh.shtml (2978 words)

	Bokeh test images (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		a lens with a pleasing out-of-focus rendition is said to have ‘good bokeh.’
		(Calling this type of bokeh ‘good’ and the opposite - a harsh background rendition - ‘bad’ is somewhat misleading, because ‘bad’ bokeh can in some situations look better.
		I'm looking forward to adding sample shots from other manufacturers, especially those with a reputation of good bokeh, for example Leica or Pentax.
	www.bokeh.de /en (245 words)

	bowblog: Got Bokeh?
		I've always got a bunch of brand new, up-to-date tech and computer books for sale over at amazon.co.uk and I guarantee that they're always cheaper than you'll get them anywhere else.
		So now I can confirm that Bokeh is not a Japanese sexual practice but the word photographers use for those blurred discs you see in the out-of-focus areas of photographs.
		Mike Johnston says he's the man who added the 'h' to the end of the English transliteration and has some good examples.
	www.bowblog.com /archives/000798.html (258 words)

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