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Topic: Boland Amendment

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	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Boland Amendment
		The first Boland Amendment was to the House Appropriations Bill of 1982, which was attached as a rider to the Defense Appropriations Act of 1983, named for the Massachusetts Democrat, Edward Patrick Boland, who authored it.
		The Boland Amendment prohibited the federal government from providing military support "for the purpose of overthrowing the Government of Nicaragua." The amendment was considered by many to be an unconstitutional interference with the President's ability to conduct foreign policy.
		The Boland Amendment was an amendment to the House Appropriations Bill of 1982, which was attached as something known as a "Barnacle Bill," or provision that would not be expected to pass on its own merit, to the Defense Appropriations Act of 1983.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Boland-Amendment (2085 words)

	Boland Amendment Information
		The House of Representatives passed the Boland Amendment 411-0 on December 8, 1982 [1], and it was signed by President Ronald Reagan on December 21, 1982.
		When the CIA carried out a series of acts of sabotage without Congressional intelligence committees giving consent, or even being made aware beforehand, the Republican-controlled Senate became enraged, leading to the passage of the Boland Amendment and subsequent cutting off of appropriated funding for the Contras.
		The Boland Amendment was a highly limited ambiguous compromise because the Democrats did not have enough votes for a comprehensive ban.
	www.bookrags.com /Boland_Amendment (562 words)

	Boland Amendment - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		The Boland Amendment was an amendment to the House Appropriations Bill of 1982, which was attached as something known as a "Barnacle Bill," or provision that would not be expected to pass on its own merit, to the Defense Appropriations Act of 1983.
		The Boland Amendment prohibited the federal government from providing military support "for the purpose of overthrowing the Government of Nicaragua." As such it was thought by many to be an unconstitutional interference with the President's ability to conduct foreign policy.
		It aimed to prevent CIA funding of rebels opposed to the Marxist provisional junta, the Boland Amendment sought to block Reagan administration support for the Contra rebels.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/b/o/l/Boland_Amendment_5778.html (522 words)

	Edward P. Boland
		Boland was elected to the House of Representatives as a Democrat in 1952.
		Boland's most famous work as a Congressman was the 1982 Boland Amendment, which blocked further funding of the Contras in Nicaragua after the CIA had supervised acts of sabotage without notifying Congress.
		Boland lived in an apartment with Tip O'Neill until 1977 and he married at the age of 62, fathering four children.
	www.seattleluxury.com /encyclopedia/entry/Edward_P._Boland (163 words)

	MILNET: Military Information - The Boland Amendment
		As it became evident this was a mistake, Congress repealed the Amendment and re-instituted the funding.
		The actual wording of the Amendment was interpreted to disallow only U.S. Intelligence Agencies, thus allowing members of the staff of the NSC (which is not an Intelligence Agency of the U.S. government) to route funds to the Contras.
		It began life as HR 2760 as an amendment to the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1983, and was inserted as amendment 461 to H.R. 2968 on 10/20/83, the House Select Committee on Intelligence Intelligence Appropriations Act for FY 1984.
	www.milnet.com /boland.htm (432 words)

	[Boland Amendment] \| [All the best Boland Amendment resources at karaoke.velocityincome.com]
		The Boland Amendment was the name given to three U.S. legislative amendments between 1982 and 1984, all aimed at limiting US government assistance to the rebel Contras in Nicaragua.
		The first Boland Amendment was to the House Appropriations Bill of 1982, which was attached as a rider to the Defense Appropriations Act of 1983, named for the Massachusetts Democrat, Edward Patrick Boland, who authored it.
		The Boland Amendment prohibited the federal government from providing military support "for the purpose of overthrowing the Government of Nicaragua." The amendment was considered by many to be an unconstitutional interference with the President's ability to conduct foreign policy.
	karaoke.velocityincome.com /Boland_Amendment (1279 words)

	Rep. Boland, D-Mass., Dies
		Known for authoring the amendments that barred U.S. aid to the Contras in Nicaragua in the 1980s, Boland chaired the House Intelligence Committee from 1977 to 1985.
		Boland was born in Springfield in 1911 to Irish immigrants.
		Boland, who retired in 1988, never lost an election after winning a seat in the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1935 at age 22.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/aponline/20011105/aponline184909_000.htm (272 words)

	Boland Amendment - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Boland Amendment was an amendment to the House Appropriations Bill of 1982, which was attached as something known as a "Barnacle Bill," or provision that would not be expected to pass on its own merit, to the Defense Appropriations Act of 1983.
		The House of Representatives passed the Boland Amendment 411-0 on December 8, 1982 [1], and it was signed by President Ronald Reagan on December 21, 1982.
		The Boland Amendment prohibited the federal government from providing military support "for the purpose of overthrowing the Government of Nicaragua." As such it was thought by many to be an unconstitutional interference with the President's ability to conduct foreign policy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Boland_Amendment (599 words)

	COMHAIRLE CHONTAE FHINE GALL (Site not responding. Last check: )
		"That the Manager’s proposed amendment, 20.1(3) be agreed".
		"That the Manager’s proposed amendment 20.1(5) be agreed".
		"That the Manager’s proposed amendment 20.1(6) be agreed".
	www.fingalcoco.ie /minutes/1999/ff/0526/full.html (14513 words)

	Dáil Éireann - Volume 89 - 24 March, 1943 - Landlord and Tenant (Amendment) Bill, 1942—Committee and Final ...
		This amendment and another amendment in my name were designed to cover a type of case where an individual acquired a property under an unexpired lease and proceeded to build thereon.
		Boland: I think, as a matter of fact, I have covered this point better than it was covered in the Deputy's amendment because he does not provide for a case in which there was a house actually on the land.
		Under the amendment it is proposed to treat the part that has been developed as the subject of a “built-on” lease and give to it all the privileges of a building lease.
	www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie /D/0089/D.0089.194303240055.html (1992 words)

	[No title]
		It is important to note, however, that the President's own staff, which is not an intelligence agency, cannot be and was not prohibited from acting under Presidential authority to further the President's foreign policy.
		Liman, apparently believe is that it was the legal obligation of Oliver North to plow through the legal precedents of all restrictive legislation similar to Boland's famous riders, and then come to a conclusion regarding the constitutionality of his assignment.
		More than this, in their view, Colonel North was supposed to conclude that Congress's preferred version of the legal issues is in fact correct, that the riders are fully constitutional, that they do apply to the National Security Council, and that the financing of the freedom fighters by that old fighter for freedom, Mr.
	www.textfiles.com /politics/onoth.hum (3055 words)

	Definition of Boland Amendment
		The Boland Amendment was an amendment to the House Appropriations Bill of 1982, which was attached to the Defense Appropriations Act of 1983.
		The Boland Amendment prohibited the federal government from providing military support "for the purpose of overthrowing the Government of Nicaragua." Aimed to prevent CIA funding of rebels opposed to the then Marxist elected government of Nicaragua, the Boland Amendment sought to block Reagan administration support for the Contra rebels.
		The amendment, however, was narrowly interpreted by the Reagan administration only to apply to U. intelligence agencies, allowing the National Security Agency, not so labeled, to channel funds to the Contra rebels.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Boland_Amendment (448 words)

	The Truth is Stranger than Fiction
		Representative Edward P Boland was not alone in his outrage and led Congress to cut off all funds paid to the Contras forces with the intent of overthrowing the Sandinista Nicaraguan Government.
		The first amendment had been relatively easy to get around, as non-profit organisations could be established, with indirect links to the administration, which could channel funds to the appropriate sources and continue in much the same manner as before.
		However, when Boland II was passed, the Administration was faced with a serious challenge: how to keep the Contras together "body and soul," as Reagan described it, with the clear stipulation from Congress that there was to be no funds or CIA involvement, overtly or covertly.
	teaching.arts.usyd.edu.au /history/hsty3080/3rdYr3080/IranContra/Design/Campaign.htm (497 words)

	Dáil Éireann - Volume 104 - 28 January, 1947 - In Committee on Finance. - Auctioneers and House Agents Bill, ...
		Amendment No. 23 inserts a new column in the Schedule to the Bill with the result that the second column in the Schedule as appearing in the Bill will now become the third column.
		Boland: As the amendment stands, it would apply to a person who was ordinarily a resident here but who had been away for five years.
		The object of this amendment is to make it quite definite that the deposit shall be available, in the first instance, to any people who have claims against the auctioneer arising out of anything done in the course of his business.
	www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie /D/0104/D.0104.194701280040.html (6351 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		When the CIA carried out a series of acts of sabotage without congressional intelligence committees giving consent, or even being made aware beforehand, the Republican-controlled Senate became enraged, leading to the passage of the Boland Amendment and subsequent cutting off of funding for the Contras.
		The Boland Amendment prohibited the federal government from providing military support "for the purpose of overthrowing the Government of Nicaragua." Aimed to prevent CIA funding of rebels opposed to the then Marxist elected government of Nicaragua, the Boland Amendment sought to block Reagan administration support for the Contra rebels.
		The amendment, however, was narrowly interpreted by the Reagan administration only to apply to U. intelligence agencies, allowing the National Security Agency, not so labeled, to channel funds to the Contra rebels.
	cwx.prenhall.com /bookbind/pubbooks/dye4/medialib/docs/boland.htm (246 words)

	Amendment (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Amendment V (the Fifth Amendment) of the United States Constitution, which is part of the Bill of Rights, is related to legal procedure.
		The Boland Amendment was an amendment to the House Appropriations Bill of 1982, which was attached as...
		A constitutional amendment is an alteration to the constitution of a nation or a state...
	radicalrepublicanreconstruction.mailrepublican.com /amendment (997 words)

	Boland Amendment - Demopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Boland Amendment was an amendment to the House Appropriations Bill of 1982, which was attached as something known as a "Barnicle Bill," or provision that would not be expected to pass on its own merit, to the Defense Appropriations Act of 1983.
		The Boland Amendment prohibited the federal government from providing military support "for the purpose of overthrowing the Government of Nicaragua." It aimed to prevent CIA funding of rebels opposed to the Marxist provisional junta, the Boland Amendment sought to block Reagan administration support for the Contra rebels.
		The amendment was narrowly interpreted by the Reagan administration only to apply to US intelligence agencies, allowing the National Security Council, not so labeled, to channel funds to the Contra rebels and to allow "humanitarian aid" donated by Adolph Coors and William Simon [1] (http://www.huppi.com/kangaroo/CIAtimeline.html)
	demopedia.democraticunderground.com /index.php/Boland_Amendment (423 words)

	Commentary Magazine - Crime, the Constitution, and the Iran-Contra Affair (Site not responding. Last check: )
		...Anyone looking for evidence that the Boland amendments were compromises which did not attempt to rule out White House activities can find it in an unlikely source-a special edition of the Congressional Record prepared by the Library of Congress and containing the entire legislative history of the amendments...
		...The House, however, adopted the Boland amendment by a vote of 411 to 0.
		...According to the Library of Congress report, Boland Two, authorizing $24 million in military aid for the contras in 1983-84, "arose from a desire by the House to curtail all covert support for the contras, while the Senate favored funding such support both through earmarked funds and the use of the CIA reserve for contingencies...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V84I4P25-1.htm (5367 words)

	Final Report on Iran/Contra: Part III
		As Representative Boland, the principal sponsor of the Amendment, explained during the final debate for the fiscal year 1985 Boland Amendment, it did not leave open loopholes for covert U.S. support for the contras.
		While the activities of the conspirators fell within the prohibitions of the Boland Amendment, its precise interpretation was not critical to the criminality of the conspiratorial objective charged in Count One.
		More to the point, the Boland Amendment entered into the conspirators' motivations for lying to Congress: It was certainly the critical part of the statutory framework that they were either violating or evading.
	www.afn.org /~dks/i-c/pIII-legal-analysis.html (9985 words)

	Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources
		Information on amendment processes including specific guidelines for the completion of this form, are outlined in “Procedures for the Amendment of MNR Land Use Direction”.
		The amendment proposes to alter the boundaries of existing land use areas and the creation of a new recommended land use area.
		The proposal for an amendment to Crown land use direction to allow for the establishment of Our Colleagues Conservation Reserve and the proposed boundary were presented for public and Aboriginal consultation from May 12 to June 13, 2003, concurrent with a 30-day posting on the Environmental Bill of Rights registry.
	crownlanduseatlas.mnr.gov.on.ca /amendments/2003_11.html (1128 words)

	Who Was Betrayed? - TIME
		First is the Boland Amendment, which forbade any use of federal funds to aid the contras from 1984 until this October, when it expired.
		The amendment was rewritten last year to include an explicit prohibition against U.S. solicitation of third-country financing, and that ban was in effect throughout the time Iranian money supposedly was being funneled to the Nicaraguan rebels.
		Unlike the Boland Amendment and the Intelligence Oversight Act, the laws against unauthorized transfers of funds provide criminal penalties against violators.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,963029-7,00.html (588 words)

	1982: This Far and No Further (Site not responding. Last check: )
		December 21: Reagan signs into law an appropriations bill that includes the "Boland Amendment," The amendment effectively outlaws US assistance to the Nicaraguan Contras, the US-sponsored rebels attempting to overthrow the democratically elected Sandinista government, but allows overt efforts to stop military equipment from going to Nicaragua.
		The Boland Amendment prohibits the federal government from providing military support "for the purpose of overthrowing the Government of Nicaragua." Reagan officials and the administration's supporters dismiss the amendment as an unconstitutional interference with the president's ability to conduct foreign policy, and routinely ignore it in their further backing of the Contras.
		The amendment is narrowly interpreted by the Reagan administration to apply to only US intelligence agencies, allowing the National Security Council, not so labeled, to channel funds to the Contra rebels.
	www.iraqtimeline.com /1982.html (2384 words)

	Executive Summary, Independent Council's Report on Iran-Contra
		Because the Boland Amendment is an appropriations rider, it is worth noting that there is no evidence that any substantial amounts of appropriated taxpayer funds were used in support of these efforts.
		Thus, the President should simply have vetoed the strict Boland Amendment in mid-October 1984, even though the Amendment was only a few paragraphs in an approximately 1,200 page-long continuing appropriations resolution, and a veto therefore would have brought the Government to a standstill within 3 weeks of a national election.
		During this period, various versions of the Boland Amendment restricted the expenditure of appropriated funds available to agencies or entities involved in intelligence activities from being spent directly or indirectly to support military or paramilitary operations in Nicaragua.
	coursesa.matrix.msu.edu /~hst203/documents/irancontra.html (20394 words)

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