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Topic: Boleslaw Krzywousty

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	History of Poland - Wikipedia
		Boleslaw I once coverted, took it as a green light to go out and conquer land of all the neighbors in the name of christianisation.
		Boleslaw I Chrobry conquered and made himself duke of Bohemia 1003-1004, but it was regained, he defeated the Russians and stormed Kiev in 1018.
		Casimir unified the country, and was succeded by Boleslaw II, who took advantage of the conflict between emperor Henry IV and Pope Gregory VI and made himself king in 1076.
	nostalgia.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_Poland (1907 words)

	History of Poland
		The son of Boleslaw, Mieczyslaw II (1025-34), unable to cope with his enemies, yielded allegiance to the emperor and lost the title of king.
		By the leading nobles Boleslaw was thoroughly hated as a despot; the masses of the people murmured under the burden of incessant wars; the clergy opposed the energetic reformation of the Church, which the king was carrying on, their opposition being particularly directed against Gregory's decree enforcing the celibacy of the clergy.
		Boleslaw III, Krzywousty (1112-39), at his death divided the country into principalities, which were bequeathed to his sons as hereditary possessions.
	www.historyofnations.net /europe/poland.html (2744 words)

	people (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		When Mieszko II (son of Boleslaw I) assumed the throne, Poland was already a vast country, with efficient administration and a well-developed Church structure (archbishopric in Gniezno, bishoprics in Krakow, Poznan, Wroclaw, Kolobrzeg).
		However, Boleslaw lost his throne (1079) as a result of a rebellion of internal opponents allied with the empire and the Czech kingdom.
		Of great influence was also Boleslaw II's conflict with Stanislaw, Bishop of Krakow, in the course of which the king lost the support of the Catholic Church.
	home.btclick.com /polishembassy/info/history_in_brief/history_midages.html (776 words)

	Courtly Lives - Polish Royalty
		The reign of Boleslaw I Chrobry (The Brave) (1967-1025), son of Mieszko I.
		Boleslaw was crowned King of Poland in 1076, at Christmas, and reigned until 1079.
		Boleslaw IV married Vierchoslava, daughter of Vsevolod, Prince of Novgorod in 1137.
	www.angelfire.com /mi4/polcrt/PolRoyal.html (1441 words)

	Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The stamps issued in 1985 show a map of Poland with portraits of Prince Boleslaw Krzywousty (1085-1138), Wladyslaw Gomulka (1905-1982), and Piotr Zaremba (b.
		Boleslaw Krzywousty was a great political man and a great warrior.
		He fought to maintain the sovereignty of Poland, and when he died in 1138 he tried to preserve peace among his five children by dividing Poland among them.
	sio.midco.net /dansmapstamps/poland.htm (98 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Poland
		Henceforth Boleslaw the Great assumed the supervision of the Polish church, and the Church, founded and organized with the co-operation of the rulers, was placed in the service of the State.
		Boleslaw granted the churches tithes, which the nobility were unwilling to pay; the resulting disturbances (1022) were soon suppressed.
		Boleslaw Krzywousty (1102-39) showed his great concern for the welfare of Church and clergy by various benefactions, founding new convents and embellishing those already in existence.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/12181a.htm (17006 words)

	Notes on Poland -- Part 3
		Immediately an assembly was called and it was decided that Boleslaw should take Sandomierz and Krakow, the largest and nearest seats of the kingdom, and he accepted their vows of fealty that they would be subject to his rule.
		Boleslaw and Zbigniew make pact; 'one without the other will not enter into agreements with enemies, whether in regard to war or peace, nor will one without the other enter into any alliance, and that each will aid the other against his enemies and provide all necessary aid.'(Gall Anonim).
		Boleslaw was there just as an inseparable companion during the march; and if anyone dared to step out of formation, then he would not find his way back; and if a detachment, confident in its number, separated in order to search for supplies or fodder for the horses, then Boleslaw would...
	slavic.freeservers.com /Poland3.html (2679 words)

	Piast dynasty
		The 17th century list starts out with the legendary forefathers of the first historical ruler Mieszko I. Siemowit/Ziemowit 9th - 10th century
		Boleslaus II / Boleslaw II Ladislaus Herman of Poland / Wladyslaw Herman 1079-1102
		Zbigniew and Boleslaw III the Wrymouthed / Boleslaw Krzywousty 1102-1107
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/pi/Piast_dynasty.html (134 words)

	Guidelines for the spelling of names of Polish rulers
		Using 'Hedwig' for Jadwiga sounds really bad for me. I'm for translating attributes (the Great, of Adjou etc.) and Western names (John, Alexander, Louis, August etc.) and leaving Slavic names in Polish spelling (Boleslaw, Wladyslaw etc.).
		I agree about Jadwiga, since Hedwig sounds very German and could be confusing.
		Boleslaw I Chrobry == Boleslaw I (the Brave)
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/gu/Guidelines_for_the_spelling_of_names_of_Polish_rulers.html (532 words)

	The Courtly Lives of Polish Royalty, Nobles...The Dabrowski Family Clans
		Boleslaw and his brother, Zbigniew, shared Poland after the death of their father, Wladyslaw Herman (1042-1102).
		Zbigniew and Boleslaw quarreled and in 1112, Boleslaw had his brother blinded and thrown into the dungeon, where he died soon afterwards.
		Established in the reign of Boleslaw Krzywoustego (1102-1139).
	www.angelfire.com /mi4/polcrt/DabrowskiClans.html (1257 words)

	Magnuski Family Genealogical Society - Paprocki on Abdank
		Skarbek Jan from Gora, during reign of Boleslaw Krzywousty was sent as a envoy to the emperor Henryk in 1109.
		The same Skarbimierz when, together with Boleslaw Krzywousty, met 3000 Pomorians against their own 100 horses, fought very bravely, was wounded seriously and lost his right eye, then again went with army to Pomorze land, read more about it in Kromer's and Miechowita's works.
		When he opposed Boleslaw Krzywousty, the king ordered to blind Skarbimierz, but later he regreted what he did and visited holy places as a penance, Miechowita writes about it.
	www.magnuski.org /abdank-paprocki.html (3589 words)

	rozbicie dzielnicowe - fragmentation (Polish to English translation glossary)
		The most fabled event of the period was the murder in 1079 of Stanislaw, the bishop of Kraków.
		A participant in uprisings by the aristocracy against King Boleslaw II, Stanislaw was killed by order of the king.
		During the eleventh century and the first half of the twelfth century, the building of the Polish state continued under a series of successors to Boleslaw I. But by 1150, the state had been divided among the sons of Boleslaw III, beginning two centuries of fragmentation that brought Poland to the brink of dissolution.
	www.proz.com /?sp=h&id=583762 (527 words)

	Wikipedia: Pomerania
		In the 1030s Polish state was destroyed and fragmented into several provinces, but soon rebuild when Kazimierz the Restored was victorius in the battle with Mazovians and Pomeranians in 1047.
		Polish king Boleslaw Smialy (1058–1080) is reported to have lost control of Pomerania.
		In three military campaigns of 1116, 1119, 1121 entire Pomerania was conquered by the Polish duke Boleslaw the Wrymouth (Boleslaw Krzywousty), and divided into four parts: Eastern Pomerania with Gdansk was put under direct Polish control and the duke had nominated his governors.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/p/po/pomerania.html (4327 words)

	Magnuski Family Genealogical Society - Niesiecki on Abdank
		It changed in 1109 when polish king Boleslaw Krzywousty sent Jan Hrabia from Gora to german emperor Henryk with peace mission.
		And then after she gave birth to her son Boleslaw Krzywousty she showered him with gifts and made her husband give him Kroppenskie county, called Pabianice today, for the cathedral church in Krakow she had asked his husband.
		Michal Hrabia from Gora, or (according to Szczygielski) from Krzywino, founder of Benedictines Convent in Lubin, died in 1114 in Wielkopolska and was burried there, "singularis devotionis et zelis in Deum": as Dlugosz said.
	www.magnuski.org /abdank-niesiecki.html (1828 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		During his reign, the Polish king, Boleslaw Kiedzierzawy, intervened militarily in 1149 AD to increase the boundaries of his land, but the move lacked sound political thought and was therefore a failure.
		It is known that he had introduced Catholic missionaries into the region, and that their followers may have survived until another Polish king, Boleslaw the Brave, retrieved their lands from Ruthenians.
		The Catholic religion was definitely reinforced by a new wave of missionaries, whose efforts may have contributed to the attempts of the later Ruthenian prince, Daniel Romanowicz, to seek direct contact with Rome.
	www.personal.psu.edu /users/w/x/wxk116/sjk/jazch4.html (5162 words)

	Worldroots.com
		Boleslaw III Krzywousty, King of Poland 1102-1138 (1086-1138)
		In 1113 he conquered Pomerania, then asked the Germans to convert the native population to Christianity.
		In the next two hundred years further divisions followed which weakened the Polish unity.
	worldroots.com /brigitte/royal/bio/boleslaw3polandbio1086.html (52 words)

	Worldroots.com
		Mieszko III, Duke of Poland 1173-1202, son of Boleslaw III
		Krzywousty, King of Poland 1102-1138 and Salome von
		Boleslaw II von Schlesien, Duke von Liegnitz, son of Henryk
	worldroots.com /brigitte/famous/b/bela2desc1108.htm (1142 words)

	Newsletter -- Spring, AS XXXII (1998)
		Five years later (in 1061), one of the first acts of the new ruler of Poland, Boleslaw Smialy (the Bold) was to support the exile Bela in an overthrow of Andras to break Hungary's ties to the Imperial-Bohemian axis.
		Boleslaw fled to Hungary where he was later assassinated.
		A Poland united under Boleslaw Smialy, or Wladyslaw's son Boleslaw Krzywousty, could have changed the face of Europe.
	www.goldschp.net /SIG/slovo/news10.html (4903 words)

	PGSA - Herbarz Polski (R) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It was awarded during the reign of King Boleslaw Smialy (1058-1079) on the occasion of a battle with Ruthenia; a captain named Radwan had been sent out on a foray with part of the army.
		He happened upon the enemy camp in such close quarters that they could neither protect themselves from a skirmish with the Ruthenians, nor fight with them, inasmuch as their numbers were so much smaller.
		Paprocki, however, gives this as occurring during the rule of Boleslaw Chrobry in 1021.
	www.pgsa.org /heraldry/herbarzR.htm (730 words)

	PolishRoots - Herbarz Polski
		Boleslaw Krzywousty (Wrymouth) delegated Count Jan z Gory (John of the Mountain) to conclude a peace treaty with Emperor Henry.
		Prince Wladyslaw Herman, the ruler of Poland in the absence of his brother, Boleslaw the Bold, who had mysteriously left Poland following the violent death of Bishop Stanislaw, sent Lambert to Rome to entreat Pope Gregory VII to lift the interdict that had been placed upon the kingdom.
		When she then gave birth to Boleslaw the Wrymouth, the Queen persuaded her husband to grant the county of Kroppen, today's Pabianice, to the cathedral in Krakow.
	www.polishroots.org /herbarz/abdank.htm (2102 words)

	THE KUZNIEWSKI & KNESKI STORY
		It became of central importance to the Crown when two Polish kings, Wladyslaw Herman and Boleslaw Krzywousty, had their seat in Plock (1079-1138).
		Mazovia became one of several rival principalities when King Krzywousty divided the country between his sons.
		Kazimierz Wielki regained control over the region, though it was ruled by Mazovian dukes until the last of the line died without an heir in 1526.
	www.fiu.edu /~kneskij/K.Jurn2.html (1919 words)

	PolishRoots - Herbarz Polski
		For his deed, King Boleslaw added a sword to the tree trunk as displayed in the original shield of Nieczuja.
		During the reign of King Boleslaw Krzywousty, Chechy detachments would not take any chances in fighting with Polish troops out in an open field.
		Since Dlugosz Bielski and other authors agreed that Wszebor, a palatine of Krakow and senator during the reign of King Boleslaw Krzywousty was of the Nieczuja clan, as stated in Bielski’s book on page 211, and Paprocki claims this clan shield had to be established long before the times of King Boleslaw.
	www.polishroots.org /herbarz/nieczuja.htm (1431 words)

	Poland Genealogy - Feldstein Genealogy Services
		Under Boleslaw III Krzywousty (1102-1139), the Jews, encouraged by the tolerant régime of this ruler, settled throughout Poland, including over the border into Lithuanian territory as far as Kiev.
		Boleslaw on his part recognized the utility of the Jews it the development of the commercial interests of his country.
		The Jews came to form the back-bone of the Polish economy and the coins minted by Mieszko III even bear Hebraic markings.
	feldstein.info /resources/poland.php (582 words)

	Personal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It was during the times of Prince Boleslaw Krzywousty, in the beginning of the 12th century, that the Pomeranians were expanding their territories in the southern direction.
		They tried to cross the Notec River near Naklo, where they were stopped by Boleslaw Krzywousty.
		Leon Wyczolkowski called it "Chrobry" (brave) after the nickname of King Boleslaw who lived in the Middle Ages.
	www.wieland.tuchola.pl /me.htm (447 words)

	A timeline of Poland and Lithuania
		: Mieszko I dies and is succeeded by his son Boleslaw Chrobry
		: Boleslaw Chrobry is crowned first Polish king by the Pope
		: Boleslaw III Krzywousty's kingdom is divided among his sons
	www.scaruffi.com /politics/polish.html (1189 words)

	Poland's History - Early Middle Ages (960 - 1400)
		Mieszko I and Boleslaw Chrobry - The Piast dynasty; Statehood; Christianity via Bohemia; The Dagome iudex; Saint Adalbert; Emperor Otto III at Gniezno; The Council at Gniezno; Boleslaw crowned King of Poland; Decline and restoration
		- 1097 - 1102 Zbigniew, Boleslaw Krzywousty, and Wladyslaw Herman divide Poland; chaos in the land; 1113-1123 Campaigns vs Eastern and West Pomerania; 1138 Krzywousty dies.
		Origins, Foundation, Disintegration and Reunification - The setteling by the West Slavs; threat of establishment of a German Empire; Mesko I accepts Christianity marries Dobrava of Bohemia; an independent Polish Church established in 1000; Boleslaw I Chrobry crowned first king of Poland, in 1024; invasions by Teutonic Knights, Tartars, Moravians.
	info-poland.buffalo.edu /web/history/early/link.shtml (731 words)

	Botev Opole Travel Page - VirtualTourist.com
		Kazimierz I, grandson of the king Boleslaw Krzywousty (the Wrymouth) signed a document equivalent to localization act of the town in 1217, therefore Opole became the capital of the Opole-Racibórz Principality.
		The emblem is also visible in the first town seals from that period, which were signatures of documents prepared by town office.
		Relics of Holy Cross, as traditional version states, were presented in 11th century to a small church - predecessor of the present cathedral, which was built by Boleslaw the Brave in 1024.
	members.virtualtourist.com /m/6cae0/75a31 (1019 words)

	Ancestors of Eugene Ashton ANDREW & Anna Louise HANISH Salomea BERG ANDREW ANGERMUELLER HANISH STRUDELL Decendants (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Kings and Queens of Europe, Genealogical Chart, Anne Taute and Romilly Squire, Taute 1989: "Boleslaw III Krzywousty, Son of Wladyslaw I Herman and Bona Cechy, Mar =2 (2) Salomea Daughter of Heinrich Berg, Died 1138."
		Salomea married Prince Boleslav Krzywousty POLAND, III, son of King Wladislaw Herman POLAND, II and Queen Sophia Agnes Germany POLAND.
		(Prince Boleslav Krzywousty POLAND, III was born on 20 Aug 1085 in,, Poland and died on 28 Oct 1138 in,, Poland.)
	www.geneal.net /5037.htm (105 words)

	Poland.pl galleries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It was build at the turn of the 7th and 8th century.
		In the times of Boleslaw Krzywousty the castle was the seat of castellan.
		However, in the 13th century Bolko I Surowy moved the castellan to the nearby Bolkowo, and the castle was handed over to the chivalrous Swinka family.
	www.poland.pl /gallery/gallery_desc,Castle_Swiny_,gid,72966,cid,86.htm?what= (260 words)

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