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Topic: Bolivarianism

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	Bolivarianism
		Bolivarianism is a doctrine somewhat popular in Latin American countries, named after the South American general Simón Bolívar.
		An example of such a union was Gran Colombia, a block of countries consisting of Venezuela, Colombia, Panamá, and Ecuador.
		Its most significant political manifestation is in the government of Venezuela's president Hugo Chávez, who since the beginning of his presidency has called himself a bolivarian and applied Bolivar ideals to everyday affairs.
	publicliterature.org /en/wikipedia/b/bo/bolivarianism.html (229 words)

	The Bolivarian Revolution
		The Bolivarian Revolution is an ongoing mass social movement and political process active in Venezuela; its most prominent leader is Hugo Chávez, who is the leader of the Movement for the Fifth Republic and the current President of Venezuela.
		Chávez is the most prominent exponent of Bolivarianism, which in turn functions as the root ideology of the Bolivarian Revolution.
		Such statements on Bolivarian ideology made by Chávez have attracted the ire of, most notably, many evangelical and conservative groups, who traditionally place almost exclusive emphasis on Jesus as a personal, as opposed to a social, savior.
	www.yes2change.org /forum/index.php?topic=2.msg4 (2433 words)

	Autonomism + Socialism United: Bolivarian Circles in frontline of the revolution : Melbourne Indymedia
		The difference between Bolivarian Circles and other people's organisations is in their express commitment to the defence of the revolution and the 1999 Bolivarian constitution, which was designed by the people and approved with 86% of the popular vote.
		It was the Bolivarian Circles, which, through their organisation and understanding of the need to defend the democratic process, that started to take control of different parts of the country, and, together with the pro-constitution military, reversed the coup.
		The Bolivarian Movement was born in the barracks some 15 years ago when a group of soldiers came to the conclusion that the enemy was not communism, but imperialism.
	melbourne.indymedia.org /news/2003/06/48585_comment.php (6408 words)

	The Telegraph - Calcutta : Opinion
		Simon Bolivar, though born in Venezuela and a national hero, is the continent?s greatest symbol of independence against colonialism.
		Bolivarianism, therefore, has mass appeal across national boundaries making Chavez a threat to elite regimes elsewhere.
		His decisive innovation was to elevate to heroic status Simon Rodriguez, Bolivar?s one-time teacher and a radical humanist who left a body of writing expressing his commitment to justice for the poor.
	www.telegraphindia.com /1041227/asp/opinion/story_4127424.asp (1227 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Bolivarian Revolution
		While those who argue that Chávez is too authoritarian in his policies, others praise him for his avoidance in repressing the media, which is extremely hostile to his government and for his abstinence from using force against demonstrations that demanded his removal from presidency.
		Chávez has also overseen state-supported experimentation in participatory economics as well as the granting of thousands of free land titles to formerly landless poor and indigenous communities; in contrast, several large landed estates and factories have been — or are in the process of being — nationalized.
		Critics accuse the Bolivarian Circles Chávez founded of furthering violence, and say Chávez's new civil reserve defense force is intended to intimidate domestic opponents and repress internal dissent.Chávez government officials respond that the reserve is similar to civilian reserves and forces in many nations, including the United States.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Bolivarian_Revolution (7823 words)

	Venezuela's Bolivarian Movement - Its Promise And Perils By Stephen Lendman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Bolivarian Circles have included community and labor leaders working cooperatively with the usual disenfranchised people on local issues of providing health care, education, feeding the hungry, helping small business and much more.
		The Bolivarian Revolution has significantly improved the lives and welfare of the Venezuelan poor, the great majority of the population and Chavez's base of support.
		His Bolivarian spirit is spreading and may become too much to counter even for the colossus from el norte.
	www.countercurrents.org /ven-lendman180206.htm (5331 words)

	TNI Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		He can coolly and rationally argue why socialism, Bolivarianism and 'Christianism' are united by an essential commitment to social justice and to the poor; and can then emotionally declare that the soul of a recently visited Brazil lay in its shanty towns and how the soul of Latin America is indissolubly merged with Africanism.
		This has provided a social content to Bolivarianism it never earlier possessed and simultaneously given indigenous ideological roots that protect Chavez from rightwing charges of 'importing' Communism, even as he disconcerts a traditionalist Latin American left looking for the absent Marxist-inspired cadre-party that is supposed to be backing any such progressive project.
		To complete the picture there will be a subsidized supermarket for cheap basic foodstuffs, a modest cultural-recreational center, and facilities for elementary education for young and old illiterates, with secondary schooling and technical colleges and universities for the poor developing fast.
	www.tni.org /archives/vanaik/venezuela.htm (1072 words)

	Bolivarianism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		'''Bolivarianism''' is a rough doctrine somewhat popular in northern Latin American countries, named after the South American general Simón Bolívar.
		In recent years, its most significant political manifestation is in the government of Venezuela's president Hugo Chávez, who since the beginning of his presidency has called himself a bolivarian and applied several of Bolivar's ideals to everyday affairs.
		It has also publicly declared its sympathy towards Hugo Chávez and his Bolivarian Revolution, both of which have officially tended to reject such gestures, despite accusations to the contrary.
	bolivarianism.iqnaut.net (328 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Bolivarianism
		One of the main ideals of "Bolivarianism" is promoting the unification of Latin America.
		The most prominent exponent and architect of modern Bolivarianism is currently Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez.
		Bolivarianism is also referred to (sometimes pejoratively by its opponents) as Chavismo or Chavezism.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Bolivarianism (1019 words)

	Socialism and the Bolivarian Revolution of Venezuela (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Labels are labels, and not all labels are the same, even though they appear to refer to the same concept, the substance or the recipe varies in each case.
		Maybe I have missed something out, but this is what Bolivarianism was always about and Chavez has updated this to create the basis for a new model of society for the 21st century.
		To change “Bolivarian” to Socialist” would require a national referendum, but that’s a revolution in the framework of a participative democracy for you.
	www.axisoflogic.com /artman/publish/printer_16112.shtml (1050 words)

	Bolivarianism can only be concretised in Marxism : Indybay
		This is the final conclusion which the activists of the Hands off Venezuela international solidarity campaign defended in the forum that was held last Tuesday in the mayor’s office in Caracas.
		In his words, the political process that is unfolding in Venezuela is the clearest proof of the correctness of Leon Trotsky’s theory of permanent revolution: “the Bolivarian Revolution began as a bourgeois-democratic revolution but immediately clashed with the interests of the national bourgeoisie.
		However, Woods warned, the Bolivarian Revolution is in danger.
	www.indybay.org /newsitems/2005/09/17/17678631.php (456 words)

	In the Shadow Of Bolivar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		One of the central tenets of this Bolivarian Constitution is its focus on participative democracy, the idea that citizens should be involved as much as possible in the process of political decision making.
		The Chavez government has also encouraged the creation of what are known as Bolivarian Circles, neighborhood and community organizations which focus on popular education and activism.
		The aim is to provide an arena for people to become aware of their rights under the new Constitution - such as free healthcare and education - and to lobby their public representatives or local government wherever there is a failure to implement them.
	www.earlham.edu /~rodrimi/politics/shadow_of_bolivar.htm (860 words)

	Bottling a Troubled History \| by Boris Kagarlitsky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Left intellectuals presumed that Marxism and Socialism had been discredited and that was why such euphemisms as “Bolivarianism” were reintroduced into political language.
		But in today’s Venezuela the “Bolivarian project” is a less popular term than “Socialism of the XXI century”.
		For all its strong sides the Bolivarian project is very contradictory in itself.
	www.tni.org /archives/kagarlitsky/bolivarians.htm (979 words)

	Hugo ChГЎvez - Free net encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		As the leader of the "Bolivarian Revolution", ChГЎvez is known for his democratic socialist governance, his promotion of Latin American integration, and his criticism, which he terms anti-imperialism, of neoliberal globalization and United States foreign policy.Template:Harv.
		The new flag has an eighth star, the "Bolivarian star" to honour the province of Guayana's contribution to the independence struggle in the 19th Century.
		ChГЎvez's domestic policy is embodied by the Bolivarian Missions, a series of social justice programs that have radically altered the economic and cultural landscape of Venezuela.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez (4441 words)

	Green Left - VENEZUELA: `Bolivarianism is an inclusive democracy'
		Alvaro Guzman, the national director of the Bolivarian Student Front (Frente Bolivariano Estudiantil — FBE), is currently touring Australia — the first revolutionary leader from Venezuela to visit this country.
		The aims of the Bolivarian circles are varied.
		The Bolivarian revolution in Venezuela involves the masses — it should be extended so that in each country it should take the form that the people of that country want it to take.
	www.greenleft.org.au /2003/554/29528 (1466 words)

	Welcome/Bienvenue in JB’s Blogg
		The profound changes brought about by the “Bolivarian Revolution”; have radically altered the economic and cultural landscape of Venezuela.
		According to Chavez’s administration sources, there have also been significant drops since 1999 in both unemployment and government-defined poverty, and marked improvements in national health indicators between 1998and 2005.
		Chávez has also overseen widespread state-supported experimentation in participatory economics as well as the granting of thousands of free land titles to formerly landless poor and indigenous communities; in contrast, several large landed estates and factories have been — or are in the process of being — nationalized.
	jbbazot.blogg.com (1111 words)

	FRONTLINE/WORLD Fellows . Venezuela - A Critical Turning Point . Tapping a Nationalist Vein \| PBS
		But to be considered Bolivarian in Venezuela today is also to be considered pro-Chavez.This renewed Chavez-style Bolivarianism -- a mixture of anti-imperialism and pan-Americanism that Chavez appropriated, then seasoned in his own way -- has held his revolution together so far, scooping up followers from the center to the far left.
		Is he Bolivarian?" This was the bureaucrat's key point of reference in a discussion of someone's job prospects.
		The new constitution aims to grant the poor a role in governmental decision-making by organizing Bolivarian Circles -- neighborhood associations charged with solving community problems and with the "political education" of the people.
	www.pbs.org /frontlineworld/fellows/venezuela0803/4.html (626 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Hugo Chavez (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Chavez won Presidential elections on February 4, 1998 and again in 2000 by the largest majority in four decades, running on an anti-corruption and anti-poverty platform, and condemning the two major parties that had dominated Venezuelan politics since 1958.
		(His elected term runs until 2006.) He has been governing Venezuela following the principles of his own social movement, called Bolivarianism[?], named after the Venezulan-born South American independence hero Simón Bolívar.
		Although Chavez originally had a popularity rating of around 80%, his popularity has steadily declined in the past year, supposedly reaching the low 30% range by Spring 2002.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/hu/Hugo_Chavez?title=Bolivarianism (1230 words)

	Publius Pundit - Blogging the democratic revolution
		Chávez also asserted in his September 2005 speech at the Bronx’s Latino Pastoral Action Center that Jesus of Nazareth was a radical activist who purportedly emphasized and sought redistributive social justice and democratic socialism–Chávez has stated that such emphases also characterizes Bolivarianism.
		Chávez has repeatedly claimed that–in line with his own thinking–Jesus as a social, as opposed to an individual, savior and liberator who was active in class struggle, social justice, and human rights both individual and collective.
		These statements also imply that Chávez deems the ideologies and goals of Bolivarianism as entirely coterminous with those of Christian socialism and liberation theology.
	www.publiuspundit.com /?p=2315 (1595 words)

	BlurtIt: Who are the New Bolivarians?
		They are Latin American politicians, activists and philosophers laying claim to the historical mantle left by the Bolivarianism movement of the 19th century.
		In the immediate aftermath of the Spanish colonies breaking away, idealism was high that new and fairer societies could be founded: Bolivarianism.
		Their figurehead is Hugo Chávez, the charismatic, socialist (and democratically elected by overwhelming mandate) president of Venezuela since 1999.
	www.blurtit.com /q105722.html (236 words)

	British Trade Union Congress Unanimously Supports Venezuela’s Bolivarian Revolution
		Up to 1,500 delegates representing 6.7 million workers unanimously voted in favour of motion 79 as amended, which expressed wholehearted support for Venezuela’s Bolivarian Revolution and the National Union of Workers (UNT), the new Venezuelan trade union confederation, formed after the CTV bureaucracy betrayed the Venezuelan working people in 2002, during the aborted anti-Chavez coup.
		This was the culmination of years of patient work by the Hands Off Venezuela campaign, the only solidarity campaign that has consistently supported the UNT and the Bolivarian revolution from the beginning.
		The NATFHE representative concluded his speech by saying that Venezuela’s Bolivarian Revolution is an inspiration for all fighters all over the world.
	www.venezuelanalysis.com /articles.php?artno=1554 (1083 words)

	The Venezuela Reader: The Building of a People's Democracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Venezuela Reader is a compilation of articles and position statements by more than a dozen individuals, many of whom are actively involved in and affected by Venezuela’s Bolivarian revolution.
		The book is divided into three sections: social politics and progressivism in Venezuela, media control and accessibility, and US intervention.
		Of particular interest are articles such as Global Women’s Strike’s "The Revolution Has a Woman’s Face" and James Early and Chucho Garcia’s piece on the role of Afro-Venezuelans in the movement, which convey the broad social scope and significance of contemporary Bolivarianism.
	www.americas.org /bookstore/product_11017 (110 words)

	GEO: The World Social Forum at the Crossroads in Caracas
		We believe it was to this new confidence that Luis was referring when he said anyone wishing to depose Chavez would have to answer first to the Venezuelan people.
		At the 2005 World Social Forum, following his electoral victory at the end of 2004, he called himself a socialist, adding: “We must reclaim socialism as a thesis, a project and a path, but a new type of socialism, a humanist one that puts humans, not machines or the state, ahead of everything.
		Was this a self-devolution of state power that proportionately increased the power of citizens who did not have such power before? It is too soon to say. Meanwhile, initiatives like Catia TV are surviving and prospering amidst the Bolivarian revolution.
	www.geo.coop /Bolivar.htm (3177 words)

	(DV) Lendman: Venezuela's Bolivarian Moment -- Its Promise and Perils (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Its aim is bold and innovative and in direct contradiction to the so-called "free market, free trade" agenda followed by the dominant developed nations (the Global North) especially the Triad nations -- the U.S., European Union and Japan.
		It should be noted that Venezuela was chosen as the site for the sixth World Social Forum as well as the second Social Forum of the Americas to be held in Caracas the week of January 24-29, 2006.
		LIKELY U.S. Destabilizing and overthrowing foreign leaders and governments it opposes is nothing new for the U.S. Ever since the National Security Act of 1947 established the Central Intelligence Agency (and National Security Council -- NSC) replacing the disbanded wartime OSS intelligence agency, the CIA has engaged in activities far beyond information collection and analysis.
	www.dissidentvoice.org /Jan06/Lendman05.htm (5484 words)

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