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Topic: Bolshevik Revolution

	Freedom and Revolution - The Bolshevik experience
		The struggle between the two concepts of revolution - the statist-centralist and the libertarian federalist - moved from the realm of the abstract to the concrete.
		Similarly the dictatorship was bloodlessly toppled in Portugal in 1974.
		The basis of the Bolshevik attack on the factory committees was simple, the Bolsheviks wanted the factories to be owned and managed by the state, whereas the factory committees wanted the factories to be owned and managed by the workers.
	flag.blackened.net /revolt/rbr/freerev.html (7204 words)

	Russian Revolution - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The revolution was the culmination of a long period of repression and unrest.
		The Russian Revolution of 1905 began in St. Petersburg on Jan. 22 (Jan. 9, O.S.) when troops fired on a defenseless crowd of workers, who, led by a priest, were marching to the Winter Palace to petition Czar Nicholas II.
		The Bolshevik military victory was due partly to the lack of cooperation among the various White commanders and partly to the remarkable reorganization of the Red forces after Trotsky became commissar for war.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-russianr.html (2114 words)

	Wikinfo \| Bolshevik (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Although the Bolsheviks were not completely monolithic, they were characterized by a rigid adherence to the leadership of the central committee, based on the notion of democratic centralism.
		The Bolsheviks played a minor role in the 1905 revolution, and were a minority in the St.
		When Kerensky moved against the Bolsheviks on October 22 by ordering the arrest of their Military Revolutionary Council, banning the Bolshevik newspaper and cutting off telephone lines to the Bolshevik headquarters in the Smolny Institute, Trotsky urged that the Bolsheviks' decision on overthrowing the government be put into action.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Bolsheviks (1420 words)

	October Revolution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The October Revolution was the second phase of the Russian Revolution the first having been instigated by events around the February Revolution.
		On November 7 1917 Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin led his leftist in a nearly bloodless uprising against the Kerensky Provisional Government (Russia was still using the Julian Calendar at the time so period references an October 25 date).
		The Great October Socialist Revolution was the official name for the Revolution in the Soviet Union as of the 10th anniversary celebration the Revolution in 1927.
	www.freeglossary.com /Bolshevik_Revolution (581 words)

	Lecture 7: The Aftermath of the Bolshevik Revolution
		The initial triumph of the Bolshevik Revolution at the end of October, 1917 (see Lecture 6), did not mean that the entire population of Russia had been converted to Bolshevism.
		Bolshevik support was heaviest in the cities, especially Moscow and Petrograd, while the SR vote was largely rural.
		The Bolsheviks were convinced that a world revolution was about to begin, first in Germany and then England and ultimately the United States.
	www.historyguide.org /europe/lecture7.html (4417 words)

	A Green view on the Bolshevik Revolution
		A new revolution was admissible, an uprising was legitimate, the liquidation of the existing regime was indispensable.
		Further however sincere socialists the Bolsheviks were, once established as a ruling class it was only a matter of time before they were either corrupted by their new class position or replaced by a new group who had none of their scruples.
		The Bolshevik assault on the soviets occurred during march, april and may. That is before the Czech rising and the onset of full scale civil war which occurred in late May. Nor is it true that the Mensheviks rejected constitutional methods.
	members.tripod.com /~bittttersweet/russian-rev.html (8576 words)

	Bolshevik Revolution: 1917
		The Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in 1917 was initiated by millions of people who would change the history of the world as we know it.
		Secondly, in September, during the so-called Kornilov Affair, a pro-czar section of the military threatened Petrograd, which was the city occupied by the Bolsheviks and the Provisional Government.
		Now that the Bolsheviks had the support of the workers, they were able to win the important elections in early September in important Russian industrial centers.
	www.thenagain.info /WebChron/EastEurope/OctRev.html (676 words)

	October Revolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The October Revolution was led by Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks with the Mensheviks, Left Socialist-Revolutionaries and anarchists.
		With time, the October Revolution was seen as a hugely important global event, the first in a series of events that lay the groundwork for an epic Cold War struggle between the Soviet Union and Western capitalist countries, including the United States.
		The Bolsheviks viewed themselves as representing an alliance of workers and peasants (smychka) and memorialized that understanding with the Hammer and Sickle on the flag and coat of arms of the Soviet Union.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bolshevik_Revolution (1506 words)

	The Bolshevik Experiment
		This implies that the Bolshevik revolution of 1917 instituted a form of workers' state in the sense that the industrial proletariat and semi-proletarian peasantry established effective forms of political direction and control of an economy that remained fundamentally capitalist, and that the revolution itself was the result of a genuine mass proletarian movement.
		With the failure of communist revolutions in the developed West to come to the aid of Soviet Russia, the 'weakest link' in the capitalist chain, the prospects for the establishment of a socialst regime in Russia itself were fatally diminished by the time of the end of the civil war.
		The model of the Bolshevik party, as it developed in the years following revolution represents an experimental socialism; an experiment conducted in the specific conditions of post-Tsarist Russia, not an iconic organisation to be replicated in contemporary political practice.
	www.redaction.org /open/bolshevik.html (5490 words)

	Lecture 6: The Russian Revolution (2)
		Leon Trotsky, the "famous leader of the bandits and the hooligans," caused a sensation at the pre-parliament.
		In other words, this Revolution was a minority military action, not a mass event like the one that occurred in February, or in 1905, for that matter.
		Lenin, the Bolshevik leader, hitherto unknown to most Russians as well as the outside world, suddenly found himself the chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian Soviet Republic, a government that was in fact little more than the Bolshevik Party in power.
	www.historyguide.org /europe/lecture6.html (5201 words)

	Wikinfo \| Russian Revolution of 1917 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The Russian Revolution of 1917 was a political movement in Russia that climaxed in 1917 with the overthrow of the provisional government that had replaced the Russian Tsar system, and led to the establishment of the Soviet Union, which lasted until its collapse in 1991.
		The first one was that of the February Revolution of 1917, which displaced the autocracy of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and sought to establish in its place a liberal republic.
		The second phase was the October Revolution, in which the Soviets, inspired and increasingly controlled by Lenin's Bolshevik party, seized power from the Provisional Government.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Russian_Revolution_of_1917 (1117 words)

	The Russian Revolution
		Bolshevik ideology was the least tolerant and most revolutionary form of Marxist ideology.
		Because of this, the church was opposing the revolution and working against the peasants and oppressed masses in their struggle to better their own condition.
		The Russian revolution was a reaction to the abuses and terror that was waged against the population by the Czars, a reaction to the horrible conditions of World War I, in which over a million Russians lost their lives, and a reaction to a country that had no stability or history of progressive development.
	www.rationalrevolution.net /war/russian_revolution.htm (2531 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Chronicles \| Bolshevik revolution ripples
		Like the French revolution with its advocacy of liberty, equality and fraternity, the Bolshevik revolution with its ideology of social and economic justice was exportable.
		Foremost among the countries affected by the Bolshevik revolution were those witnessing nationalist uprisings for freedom after World War I. Egypt was one of them and the reaction here was mixed.
		Also alarmingly reminiscent of the Russian revolution were the peasant assaults on the properties of major landowners, as occurred to Ibrahim Pasha Murad in the village of Mit Gabir in Al-Sharqiya.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2000/478/chrncls.htm (2966 words)

	Marxists Writers Archive
		Palestinian Jewish Trotskyist, developed critique of Stalinist Russia as a form of "bureaucratic state capitalism", laid the basis of the theory of 'deflected' permanent revolution and the 'permanent' arms economy, founder of Internatioonal Socialist Tendency.
		An Old Bolsheik, a member of the Central Committee during the October Revolution and member of the “Workers Opposition” after the Revolution.
		After fighting in the 1848 Revolution in Germany, he fled to America; later Secretary of the First International; Marx's closest supporter in the US.
	www.marxists.org /archive (2394 words)

	Russian Revolution, October, 1917
		The Bolsheviks, who controlled these organizations, agreed to this request, but in a speech made by their leader, Vladimir Lenin, he made clear they would be fighting against Kornilov rather than for Kerensky.
		However, with the Bolsheviks controlling the Soviets and now able to call on 25,000 armed militia, Kerensky's authority had been undermined.
		Lenin agreed and on the evening of 24th October, 1917, orders were given for the Bolsheviks began to occupy the railway stations, the telephone exchange and the State Bank.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /RUSnovemberR.htm (3002 words)

	The Bolshevik Revolution - History
		Litvinov is appointed the Bolshevik Plenipotentiary in London.
		Bolshevik revolt in Murmansk is suppressed by General Maynard.
		Bolshevik naval forces defeated by British near Kronstadt, they then withdraw from Gulf of Riga.
	www.russianwarrior.com /1917_History.htm (1208 words)

	Down with Deng’s Bloody Repression—For Workers Political Revolution in China!
		The Bolshevik Tendency condemns the criminal June 4 massacre of protesters in Beijing by the leaders of the Communist Party of China (CCP).
		The revolution of 1949 brought real gains to the Chinese working people: the rule of the landlords, big capitalists and foreign imperialists was overthrown and the productive wealth of the country was collectivized.
		Yet while the revolution uprooted neo-colonialism and did away with many reactionary semi-feudal hangovers from the past, it left the top echelons of the peasant-based CCP with a monopoly of political power.
	www.bolshevik.org /1917/no7/no07chin.html (1980 words)

	Wall Street and the Bolshevik Revolution
		In other words, we are suggesting that the Bolshevik Revolution was an alliance of statists: statist revolutionaries and statist financiers aligned against the genuine revolutionary libertarian elements in Russia.
		It is significant that support for the Bolsheviks did not cease with consolidation of the revolution....
		This strongly suggests that the syndicate was formed to cash in on earlier support for the Bolshevik cause in the revolutionary period.
	www.crossroad.to /Quotes/communism/wall_street_bolshevik.htm (1062 words)

	PTUDC and YFIS celebrate anniversary of Bolshevik revolution
		The Bolshevik revolution affected world politics; especially as it gave new dimensions to the intellects and impressed a whole generation.
		And it was this ideology that was behind the Bolshevik revolution in 1917.
		The revolution of 1917 was a symbol of struggle and a victory of the socialist revolution and for the working class.
	www.ptudc.org /News/86_russia_report.html (1794 words)

	Russian Posters
		Although posters were produced in Russia before the Revolution, they were overshadowed by the remarkable propaganda posters of the Soviets.
		The Bolshevik Era (1917-1921) was a life and death struggle for the Bolsheviks and their ideology.
		By mid-1920, the Bolsheviks had defeated the Whites and reached a stalemate with the Poles.
	www.internationalposter.com /ru-text.cfm (2254 words)

	Internal Workings of the Soviet System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Having come to power in October 1917 by means of a coup d'état, Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks spent the next few years struggling to maintain their rule against widespread popular opposition.
		The small, elite group of Bolshevik revolutionaries which formed the core of the newly established Communist Party dictatorship ruled by decree, enforced with terror.
		Stalin's "revolution from above" sought to build socialism by means of forced collectivization and industrialization, programs that entailed tremendous human suffering and loss of life.
	sunsite.unc.edu /expo/soviet.exhibit/intro1.html (482 words)

	[No title]
		Based on the life and work of the Russian film director Alexander Medvedkin (1900-1989), THE LAST BOLSHEVIK is a tribute from one filmmaker to another.
		The following is a reconstruction, from notes, of the intervention of International Bolshevik Tendency [IBT] supporter Samuel T. at a meeting of the Spartacus Youth Club (SYC—youth group of the Spartacist League [SL]) in New York City on 12 February.
		In October, 1917, when the Bolshevik coup d'etat was pronounced before the Second Congress of Soviets, members of a faction, Menshevik-Internationalists led by Julius Martov walked out.
	www.lycos.com /info/bolshevik.html (344 words)

	The Bolshevik Revolution
		The Bolshevik's, led by Vladimir Illyich Lenin, reacted to the continued mood of despair within Russia and saw an opportunity to seize control of the country in one swift, and brutal move.
		For the next 4 years the Bolshevik movement struggled to take control of the entire country as their opponents, known as the White's, fought a bitter Civil War for control of the nation.
		The Germans were able to quickly negotiate a cessation of hostilities with the new Bolshevik government, thus releasing troops from the Eastern Front for the Spring offensive of 1918.
	www.schoolshistory.org.uk /Year9/firstworldwar/1917/october.htm (506 words)

	The Bolshevik Revolution of October/November 1917
		The Bolsheviks succeeded because the Provisional Government was weak and unpopular
		Unlike the Provisional Government, the Bolsheviks demanded total obedience from their members, so they were well-disciplined (members did what the leaders wanted).
		Soviet paintings of the October Revolution, such as this one, also showed it as a popular uprising similar to the March Revolution.
	www.johndclare.net /Russ5.htm (509 words)

	C. Bolshevik Revolution, 1917-1929 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Introduced a new age of ideological and political revolution that shaped European history in the twentieth century.
		Thus by 1914 Russia's small industrial proletariat was suffering through the first most wretched phase of the Industrial Revolution; their discontent made them more willing to listen to demands for revolution, especially since the government was unwilling to introduce reforms or improvements in their situation.
		The Bolsheviks (or majority group--even though they were the smaller of the two socialist groups) were led by Lenin and wanted a small, highly disciplined, professional revolutionary party dedicated to violent revolution immediately.
	www.appstate.edu /~brantzrw/history3134/CLASS.HTML (1604 words)

	CNN - Bolshevik Revolution turns 80, shows its age - Nov. 7, 1997
		MOSCOW (CNN) -- While Communist hard-liners and other opponents of President Boris Yeltsin marched Friday to mark the 80th anniversary of the Bolshevik Revolution, Yeltsin called on fellow Russians to remember the victims of the conflict and forgive the revolutionaries who started it.
		The revolution led to the Communists coming to power, and gave birth to the Soviet Union in 1922 after a bloody civil war.
		Other Russians see the revolution as marking the start of years of repression in which millions of people were killed.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/9711/07/russia (695 words)

	History & Culture of Russia / The Path to Revolution
		In the meanwhile, the Bolsheviks gained increasing support from the ever more frustrated soviets.
		Although the Bolsheviks enjoyed substantial support in St. Petersburg and Moscow, they were by no means in control of the country as a whole.
		For the next three years the country was devastated by civil strife, until by 1920 the Bolsheviks had finally emerged victorious.
	www.geographia.com /russia/rushis06.htm (863 words)

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