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Topic: Bomber Command

	NLS - Bomber Command
		During the early months of the war, Bomber Command's attacks were a mere nuisance to the enemy.
		Fourteen hours in a Hampden bomber on a winter's night was the lot of the crews who set out to destroy the oil storage depot lying outside Stettin and there are many similar stories.
		On a raid to the Essen factories by 705 four-engined bombers ninety-six percent of the bombs were thought to have hit the factories.
	www.lancastermuseum.ca /command.html (700 words)

	::Bomber Command 1939::
		Bomber Command moved to its new headquarters near High Wycombe early in 1940.
		Many of the senior officers in Bomber Command were experienced from World War One but none of them had experienced modern bombing as seen at Guernica in the Spanish Civil War.
		The experiences of Bomber Command in the early months of the war, led to a decision being made that night raids were far better in terms of crew survival and night flying became the norm rather than day flying.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /bomber_command_1939.htm (1634 words)

	Bomber Command website
		-engined bomber with The location was however in the GDR at that time, and it was not often spoken aboutSome years later, in around 1995, much debris from the machine was.
		Weltkrieg sah, wie ein viermotoriger Bomber mit Heckstand in einen Wald in der Nähe meines Wohnortes stürzte.
		Bomber Command Research the identity of the Lancaster.
	www.bomber-command.de (398 words)

	RAF History - Bomber Command 60th Anniversary
		One of the most controversial figures of World War II, Harris turned Bomber Command into the offensive force that had for so long been the dream of RAF commanders.
		As a tribute to over 55,000 members of Bomber Command who paid the ultimate sacrifice, in-depth articles using many unpublished pictures and information from RAF archives, will, throughout 2002, build the website into the most comprehensive reference source on Bomber Command, so please check back regularly to read the new pages.
		In conjunction with the Bomber Command Association, and using sound and video clips, we will also bring personal tales of the tragedy and heroism of the individuals who flew with Bomber Command in the Second World War.
	www.raf.mod.uk /bombercommand (178 words)

	Remembering 1942: Bomber Command and 460 Squadron, 15 November 1942 [Australian War Memorial]
		Of the 3,500 Australians who died in Bomber Command in the Second World War, 589 of them were members of 460 squadron and they are recorded here on the Memorial's Roll of Honour.
		A bomber crew was required to fly a tour of 30 operations before being posted to so called "less hazardous duties", such as training new pilots.
		Women, too, made a vital contribution to Bomber Command and were a constant presence in the lives of aircrew in 460 squadron.
	www.awm.gov.au /atwar/remembering1942/460squadron/transcript.htm (1742 words)

	Military History Online - Bomber Command
		The bomber force was streamed; they bombed at relatively low level; they bombed by the light of flares; they hit their target with almost the full weight of available bombers (223 of 235 aircraft found their target).
		To German high command, it demonstrated that the British were dedicated to destroying their cultural heritage: both towns held a high place in the architectural and cultural history of Germany.
		Bomber Command had learned, through the harsh experience of three years of combat, that daylight bombing was a suicidal endeavour.
	www.militaryhistoryonline.com /wwii/bombercommand/bomberharris.aspx (10648 words)

	RAF Bomber Command Diary... Jan 1945...... - Aircraft of World War II - Warbird Forums
		Bomber Command, on the basis of photographic reconnaissance, states that the oil plant was 'reduced to a shambles'.
		Lieutenant-General BG Horrocks, the Corps Commander in charge of the attack, later claimed that he had requested that Kleve should only be subjected to an incendiary raid but Bomber Command dropped 1,384 tons of high explosive on the town and no incendiaries.
		There had been no offensive operations by Bomber Command since 26/27 April and most squadrons thought that their war in Europe was over, but it was feared that the Germans were assembling ships at Kiel to transport troops to Norway in order to carry on the war there.
	www.ww2aircraft.net /forum/aviation/raf-bomber-command-diary-jan-1945-a-635.html (15556 words)

	RAF-lincolnshire.info :: Bomber Command
		Bomber Command, arguably the most famous of the RAF's wartime commands, was brought into existence on 14 Jul 1936 after the Home Defence Force was reorganised in recognition of the many tasks which would fall to the RAF in time of war.
		The Command's structure evolved during the war as the number of aircraft, squadrons and airfields subordinated to it grew such that in 1942 an additional level of command, the Base, was added between Group and Station.
		Bomber Command expansion to meet the wartime offensive needs in 1942-43 put a severe strain on organisation administration to the extent that the intermediate level of command between Group HQs and Station - the Base - was introduced in March 1943.
	raf-lincolnshire.info /bombercmd/bombercmd.htm (1245 words)

	VI BOMBER COMMAND IN DEFENSE OF THE
		The job of the VI Bomber Command bombardment aircraft in these exercises was to intercept the vessel as it passed through the Pacific patrol screen and to send a striking force against it.
		Bomber Command's strength as of December 7 was negligible, and its B-18's were useless for the type of over-water patrols required for protection of the Canal.
		This freed the Bomber Command from the necessity of supervising operations in the Antilles, and enabled it to devote all of its energies to the Pacific patrols.
	home.satx.rr.com /bombardment/htmdocs/vibchistorytem.htm (7162 words)

	bomber - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Bomber Aircraft, specialized warplanes that are designed to drop a large amount of ammunition on enemy targets.
		guerrilla, radical, extremist, fanatic, bomber, kidnapper, assassin, saboteur
		bomber, convertiplane, fighter, fighter-bomber, helicopter gunship, stealth bomber, transport, VTOL, aeroplane, airliner, airplane, airship,...
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/search.aspx?q=bomber (144 words)

	News \| TimesDaily.com \| TimesDaily \| Florence, AL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Bomber Command is an organizational military unit, generally subordinate to the air force of a country.
		Bomber Command used not only British aircraft but also American-built machines such as the B-17 Flying Fortress and B-24 Liberator; in the case of the former they were the first to put into battle and gave useful information on improvements before the US entered the war.
		VIII Bomber Command was the UK-based strategic bomber arm of the Eighth Air Force and contributed a substantial part of Operation Pointblank, the day-night bombing campaign by the RAF and USAAF to eliminate the Luftwaffe in preparation for the invasion of Europe.
	www.timesdaily.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Bomber_Command (1306 words)

	Air Force Magazine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Only one in every three bomber sorties produced attacks coming within five miles of the target, and many bombers were simply dropping their strings in the open countryside.
		Bomber Command competed for resources with Fighter Command, always far ahead in procurement priorities, and Coastal Command, which had bomber squadrons dedicated to English Channel activity and to the guarding of sea-lanes.
		Bomber Command sorties soared from an average of fewer than 2,000 per month in 1939-41 to 3,161 in 1942, 5,422 in 1943, 13,904 in 1944, and 16,871 in early 1945.
	afa.org /magazine/Jan2005/0105harris.asp (3401 words)

	Operations, RAF Bomber Command
		Bomber Command’s role was to attack the enemy's own military strength - by bombing their airbases, shipping, troops, communications and all industries used in the German war effort.
		The "Bomber Dream" of the 1930s, which promoted the theory of fleets of aircraft dropping precisely aimed loads against tactical and strategic targets such as military installations, communications facilities and war factories was soon proved to be just that - a Dream.
		Bomber Command was the only arm of the British forces to continually attack the German homeland throughout the war.
	natureonline.com /37/6-ops-rafbc.html (819 words)

	Bomber Command (CDB100620)
		His plan for doing it was to strike Berlin, a disasterous plan of action that maximized his bombers' exposure to German countermeasures, that minimized the potential for evasion (it was obvious to the Germans where the bomber stream was heading), and that took place in the year's worst weather.
		By Jan. 1944, Bomber Command squadrons "had become short-stay, one-way houses for crews on the way to their deaths." Morale plummeted and many aircrew were cashiered for LMF (Lacking Moral Fiber).
		As a result, Air Vice Marshall D.C.T. Bennet, commander of the Pathfinder force, called Bomber Command crews "fringe merchants"---they would get to the fringe of the German defenses and unload their "wares," climb for altitude, fly more or less in the direction of the target till enough time had passed and then return home.
	yarchive.net /mil/bomber_command.html (1767 words)

	Military History Online - Bomber Command Home
		Operationally, however, Bomber Command's targets shifted according to the requirements of the nation or the whim of its leaders.
		Between the departure of Peirse (January 8) and the arrival of Harris (Feb. 22), Bomber Command was under the interim command of Air Vice-Marshal Baldwin, commander of 3 Group.
		Two hours later, at 1:35 p.m., the first aircraft of Bomber Command were airborne: by this time Scharnhorst, Gneisenau and Prinz Eugen were through the Straits of Dover.
	www.militaryhistoryonline.com /wwii/bombercommand/default.aspx (815 words)

	Bomber Command (CDB100620)
		His plan for doing it was to strike Berlin, a disasterous plan of action that maximized his bombers' exposure to German countermeasures, that minimized the potential for evasion (it was obvious to the Germans where the bomber stream was heading), and that took place in the year's worst weather.
		By Jan. 1944, Bomber Command squadrons "had become short-stay, one-way houses for crews on the way to their deaths." Morale plummeted and many aircrew were cashiered for LMF (Lacking Moral Fiber).
		As a result, Air Vice Marshall D.C.T. Bennet, commander of the Pathfinder force, called Bomber Command crews "fringe merchants"---they would get to the fringe of the German defenses and unload their "wares," climb for altitude, fly more or less in the direction of the target till enough time had passed and then return home.
	www.yarchive.net /mil/bomber_command.html (1767 words)

	Bomber Command (review)
		The bombers tried out what became the standard pattern for attacking a city: flares were dropped to mark the target, then 4,000 pound high-explosive "cookies" were used to blast open doors and windows, accompanied by incendiaries to create huge fires.
		Bomber Command launched a massive series of assaults against the Ruhr, Hamburg, and Berlin during 1943 and early 1944.
		Mustangs escorted USAAF bombers on daylight raids against synthetic oil plants, the Achilles Heel of the German war economy.The cream of the Luftwaffe's experienced fighter pilots were lost in the war of attrition waged by the Americans.
	www.ihr.org /jhr/v01/v01p247_Lutton.html (2422 words)

	Amazon.com: Bomber Command (Pan Grand Strategy): Books: Max Hastings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Bomber Command aircrew were not awarded a Campaign Medal, though the Luftwaffe night-fighters and flak crews inflicted between 72,000-73,000 casualties on British Bomber Command alone.
		Bomber Command is a great book if you want to know about how bad war can be, and should be read by anyone that thinks there is some glory in war.
		Bomber Command is a great read, full of facts that will amaze you by their brutality, but any theory of common guilt was a rationalization to support collective punishment, just as Israel has recently done to Lebanon.
	www.amazon.com /Bomber-Command-Pan-Grand-Strategy/dp/0330392042 (2764 words)

	RAF Bomber Command 1939-1945 : Rob Davis
		A typical Bomber aerodrome was 750 or 1,000 acres of former Lincolnshire, Yorkshire or Cambridgeshire farmland, with a "population" of 1,000 or 1,200 people.
		The Squadron Commander was the senior airman responsible for the aircrews.
		Squadron Commanders were not required to operate on every raid, but one measure of their leadership skills was how often they and their crew actually did fly with the rest of the squadron.
	www.elsham.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk /raf_bc (9220 words)

	[No title]
		Night after night tens of precious bombers and their irreplaceable crews failed to return from missions which only managed to damage a house or two and kill the odd cow, as bombs were almost randomly scattered within a huge area usually somewhere vaguely near the intended target.
		The USAAF was never as good at blind bombing as Bomber Command and soon began what was effectively an area bombing offensive, albeit using what were euphemistically termed as railway marshalling yards as aim points in what were often area attacks against whole cities.
		The French overall white was replaced by the brown, green and fl camouflage of Bomber Command, and WU 16 was replaced by its 1945 serial, NX 622.
	www.lycos.com /info/bomber--bomber-command.html (712 words)

	Arthur Harris
		All the rest had to be done by Bomber Command itself, and there had been no provision for such training in peace-time outside the squadrons themselves-which in war could not undertake both training and operations.
		The medium bomber had a casualty rate of 4.5 per cent, which was remarkable, but it was still more remarkable that we lost scarcely any of the 300 heavy bombers that took part in this operation; the casualty rate for the heavies was only 1.9 per cent.
		At the same time the bombers could fly with comparative safety even to targets as distant as Dresden or Chemnitz, which I had not ventured to attack before, because the enemy had lost his early warning system and the whole fighter defence of Germany could therefore generally be out-manoeuvred.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /2WWharris.htm (3016 words)

	Guardian \| RAF tribute stirs up 'war crime' storm
		For more than 60 years veterans of RAF Bomber Command have sought to escape the shadow of Britain's most controversial action in the Second World War: the firebombing of cities such as Dresden.
		Hudson, who was advised to take Bomber Command off his CV after the war in case it harmed his job prospects, said 'Bomber' Harris had been pressured by the government, which in turn was under pressure from the Russians to target Dresden and ease their advance.
		AC Grayling, a philosopher who assessed the moral case for the bombings in his book, Among the Dead Cities, said: 'The tremendous courage and sacrifice of Bomber Command is something to admire.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,,329557525-111784,00.html (703 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Bomber Command (Pan Grand Strategy): Books: Max Hastings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Bomber Command's offensive against the cities of Germany was one of the epic campaigns of World War II.
		The book is really about Bomber Harris (should have been called "Bomber Commander") as he brought abouit the completion of the area bombing technique after his Biblical invective that the Nazi's had "sown the wind and would now reap the whirlwind".
		Bomber Command is a dispassionate appraisal of its value to the Allied victory in WW2.
	www.amazon.co.uk /Bomber-Command-Pan-Grand-Strategy/dp/0330392042 (1353 words)

	Bomber Command (WW2) (Henry Spencer)
		One reason why there is some controversy about lionizing "Bomber" Harris is that his strategy seems to have gotten a lot of bomber crews killed to little purpose.
		To which I would add that Freeman Dyson has estimated that 10,000 or more Lancaster crewmen died solely because Bomber Command did not care about their welfare, and was not interested in finding out why the survival rate from downed Lancasters was so much poorer than from other British bombers.
		Bomber Command's general callousness towards its crews, and its tendency to blame problems on them or on factors beyond anyone's control, rather than on deficiencies in procedures and equipment, is well documented.
	www.yarchive.net /space/politics/bomber_command.html (980 words)

	Bomber Command Aircraft Collection
		Bomber Command in the Second World War was a formidable assembly of men and machines.
		Bombers ranging from early biplanes to the mighty Vulcan are displayed at Hendon, together with tributes to the men and women who served both in
		The Bomber Hall at RAF Museum London, presents a special opportunity for the nation to remember what was achieved in quest of peace.
	www.rafmuseum.org.uk /london/collections/aircraft/bomber_command_intro.cfm (203 words)

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