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Topic: Bone Morphogenetic Protein

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	Bone Morphogenetic Protein
		Bone Morphogenetic Proteins have recently been determined to mediate neural crest inductions and migration in chick embryos.
		After neural induction, these BMPs can promote migration of neural crest from the neural tube and activate neural crest markers such as slug.
		Links between Hox genes and BMP in neural crest induction are also being investigated.
	www.brown.edu /Courses/BI0032/neurcrst/bmp.htm (110 words)

	bmp2b - bone morphogenetic protein 2b
		Bone patterning is altered in the regenerating zebrafish caudal fin after ectopic expression of sonic hedgehog and bmp2b or exposure to cyclopamine.
		We have previously shown that the maternal effect dorsalization of zebrafish embryos from sbn(dtc24) heterozygous mothers is caused by a dominant negative mutation in Smad5, a transducer of ventralizing signaling by the bone morphogenetic proteins Bmp2b and Bmp7.
		At higher temperature, the phenotype of snh(ty68) mutant embryos is identical to that caused by the amorphic bmp2b mutation swirl swr(ta72) and similar to that caused by the smad5 mutation somitabun sbn(dtc24).
	www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gg/72042.html (1571 words)

	NASS-New Technologies-Bone Morphogenetic Protein (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In spine surgery, especially during spinal fusions, surgeons may opt to use transplanted bone grafts to aid in the healing and remodeling of the spine after surgery.
		The use of bone grafts can add increased postoperative pain, if the bone is transplanted from one area of the patient's body to another (called autograft), or a chance of disease transmission if the bone is transplanted from one person to another (called allograft).
		Spine surgeons hope the use of BMP and rhBMP (BMP that is produced in a laboratory) may someday aid them in generating and repairing bone without the drawbacks of grafts.
	www.spine.org /articles/NT_Bone_Morph_Protein.cfm (279 words)

	BMP3 - Bone morphogenetic protein 3 precursor
		Bone morphogenetic protein 3 (BMP3) is a potent osteoinductive growth factor belonging to the TGF-beta superfamily.
		Treatment of human bone marrow osteoprogenitors with osteogenin (BMP-3; at 1, 2.5 and 10 ng/ml) caused dose- and time-dependent inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell proliferation.
		BMP-3 was also localized in ducts of submandibular and sublingual salivary glands, acini of the lacrimal gland, Purkinje cells in the cerebellum, nerve fibres of the cerebellum and brain, afferent cells of the dorsal root ganglia, inferior alveolar nerve, and peripheral processes of the vestibulocochlear nerve.
	www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gi/86760.html (736 words)

	[No title]
		Bone morphogenetic protein 7 is broadly efficacious in renal osteodystrophy, and importantly increases the skeletal deposition of ingested phosphorus and calcium, improving ion homeostasis in chronic kidney disease.
		Bone morphogenetic protein 7 was shown to prevent vascular calcification in a model of chronic kidney disease associated with the restoration of osteocalcin expression to normal tissue-restricted sites.
		SUMMARY: Bone morphogenetic protein 7 may be a powerful new therapeutic agent for chronic kidney disease, with the novel attribute of not only treating the kidney disease itself, but also directly inhibiting some of the most important complications of the disease state.
	www.chez.com /orthopedix/text/bmp_7.html (354 words)

	BMP7 - Bone morphogenetic protein 7 precursor
		OP-1, a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in the TGF-beta superfamily, is expressed at high levels in the kidney and in the endometrium of the uterus of non-pregnant mice.
		We report here that bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7), a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, is capable of inhibiting both serum-stimulated and growth factor-induced (platelet-derived growth factor [PDGF-BB] and TGF-beta1) cell growth as measured by (3)H-thymidine uptake into DNA synthesis and cell number in primary human aortic smooth muscle (HASM) cell cultures.
		BMP7 is a homologue of gbb (60A protein precursor) from Drosophila melanogaster.
	www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gi/86764.html (4335 words)

	Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) Allograft
		Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) are members of the family of transforming growth factors.
		As an alternative to autograft in compromised patients requiring revision posterolateral (intertransverse) lumbar spinal fusion, for whom autologous bone and bone marrow harvest are not feasible or are not expected to promote fusion.
		Allograft bone and bone graft substitutes are not considered feasible alternative to autografts in revision surgery due to their lack of osteogenic potential.
	www.regence.com /trgmedpol/surgery/sur123.html (2880 words)

	Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic protein-2 - CYT- 261
		Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic protein-2 produced in E.Coli is a homodimeric, non-glycosylated, Polypeptide chain containing 115 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 26018 Dalton.
		Evaluation of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 on the repair of alveolar ridge defects in baboons.
		The transforming growth factor-beta family members bone morphogenetic protein-2 and macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 as mediators of the antiangiogenic activity of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide.
	www.prospec.co.il /~prospec/cart/catalog/rHuBMP2.html (459 words)

	Differential Roles for Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) Receptor Type IB and IA in Differentiation and Specification of ...
		Differential Roles for Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) Receptor Type IB and IA in Differentiation and Specification of Mesenchymal Precursor Cells to Osteoblast and Adipocyte Lineages -- Chen et al.
		Differential Roles for Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) Receptor Type IB and IA in Differentiation and Specification of Mesenchymal Precursor Cells to Osteoblast and Adipocyte Lineages
		Bone morphogenetic protein receptor signaling is necessary for normal murine postnatal bone formation.
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/abstract/142/1/295 (1503 words)

	Mechanisms of bone morphogenetic protein signaling in early Xenopus laevis development.
		Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play important roles in bone formation as well as other developmental processes, including dorsal-ventral embryonic patterning and epidermal-neural cell fate decisions.
		Smadl is activated by direct phosphorylation by the BMP type I receptor, and accumulates in the nucleus upon activation where it is believed to act as a transcriptional activator.
		Extracellular BMP antagonists have been identified in a variety of organisms, however, little is known about the intracellular regulation of Smadl in the BMP pathway.
	repository.upenn.edu /dissertations/AAI9989642 (334 words)

	Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) for Spinal Fusion
		Bone grafts are small pieces of bone, usually taken from the patient’s own hip or pelvis, and placed into the spaces between two vertebrae.
		Likewise, bone grafting requires additional time in the operating room, which increases many surgical risks such as infection and bleeding, as well as prolongs the patient’s hospital stay and recovery time.
		BMP is a naturally occurring human protein that has been isolated and reproduced as a result of cutting edge human gene research.
	www.scoliosisassociates.com /subject.php?pn=bmp-049 (472 words)

	Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) - CYT-361
		BMP-7 (osteogenic protein 1) belongs to the Bone-growth regulatory factors that are members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily of proteins.
		Effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-4 dose on bone formation in a rat calvarial defect model.
		Differential expression of bone morphogenetic protein 4-6 (BMP-4, -5, and -6) and growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) during ovarian development in neonatal pigs.
	www.prospec.co.il /~prospec/cart/catalog/rHuBMP4.html (415 words)

	Bone morphogenetic protein
		BMPs 2–16 are the presently known members of the BMP superfamily (Dube & Celeste 1996a,b, Wozney & Rosen 1998), and they can be divided into different subgroups according to how closely they are related to each other structurally (Table 1).
		Bone morphogenetic proteins are dimeric molecules with two chains held together by one disulphide bond.
		The standard method for assaying BMP is its intramuscular implantation into a mouse or rat and the estimation of new bone induction by radiology and histology (Urist & Strates 1971).
	herkules.oulu.fi /isbn9514264789/html/x309.html (2061 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: The Chicken Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Type II (Bmpr2) Gene Maps to Chromosome 7. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Interpretive Summary: Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II (BMPR-II) is a member of the transforming growth factor ß (TGFß) superfamily of receptors.
		An assay for a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the chicken bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II (BMPR2) gene was developed and the East Lansing backcross reference population was used for linkage analysis with the result that the BMPR2 gene was mapped to chicken chromosome 7.
		Technical Abstract: Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II (BMPR-II) is a member of the transforming growth factor ß (TGFß) superfamily of receptors.
	ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=153493 (326 words)

	Baumer S.A.
		BMP is the English abbreviation to Bone Morphogenetic Proteins and was firstly described buy Marshal Urist in 1960 (11).
		BMP and other growing bone factors can be found in small quantities in several locations such as mesenchymal and periosteum cells, bone matrix collagen fibers and also in small non-collagen cells of the bone matrix.
		BMP are in part distinct from other bone growing factors because they act by inducing the differentiation of mesenchymal cells into chondroblasts and osteoblasts and not increasing the mitotic activities of cells.
	www.baumer.com.br /English/Noticia_090902.php (1209 words)

	Bone morphogenetic protein signaling during chondrocyte maturation.
		Endochondral bone formation is a multistep process involving chondrocyte proliferation, hypertrophy, calcification, degradation and replacement of cartilage by bone.
		Deletion of a 180bp region from the 533bp region abolished all BMP responsiveness; however, this fragment alone was unable to confer BMP responsiveness, suggesting multiple elements may be responsible for BMP regulation of this gene.
		The effects of BMPs on USCs could be mimicked by retrovirally expressing a constitutively active BMP receptor type IB (CA-IB) and blocked with a dominant negative receptor type IB.
	repository.upenn.edu /dissertations/AAI9913534 (345 words)

	Update on Spinal Applications for Recombinant Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Furthermore, substantial amounts of autogenous bone graft must be procured and transplanted from the ileum to the spine to enable consolidation of a fusion mass with elements of the spinal column.
		Evidence of de novo bone formation attributable to the growth factor is present in follow-up plain radiographs of the lumbar spine (Fig.
		Urist MR, Mikulski A, Lietze A: Solubilized and insolubilized bone morphogenetic protein.
	www.espineinstitute.com /Docs/UpdateOnSpinalApplicationsForRecombinantBoneMorphogeneticProtein-2 (2411 words)

	Back.com - Articles - INFUSE® Bone Graft/LT-CAGE® Device - Putting an End to Some Surgical Pain
		The protein is similar to the natural protein found in the human body that causes bone formation.
		Bone is made up of about 65-70 percent mineral and 30-35 percent organic matrix (i.e., collagen).
		More importantly, patients who received INFUSE® Bone Graft instead of a graft from their hip (autograft), which is considered the "Gold Standard" of bone grafts, exhibited a fusion rate and level of relief from disabling low back pain at least equal to that found in the patients with the graft taken from their hip.
	www.back.com /article-infuse-surgical.html?infusebox=yep (484 words)

	Human protein: Q13873 - Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II precursor (EC ) (BMP type II receptor) (BMPR-II). ...
		These proteins transduce their signals through the formation of heteromeric complexes of 2 different types of serine (threonine) kinase receptors: type I receptors of about 50-55 kD and type II receptors of about 70-80 kD.
		Identification of a human type II receptor for bone morphogenetic protein-4 that forms differential heteromeric complexes with bone morphogenetic protein type I receptors.
		Familial primary pulmonary hypertension (gene PPH1) is caused by mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein receptor-II gene.
	harvester.embl.de /harvester/Q138/Q13873.htm (1685 words)

	Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein induces bone formation - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
		We have purified and characterized active recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2A.
		Implantation of the recombinant protein in rats showed that a single BMP can induce bone formation in vivo.
		The cartilage- and bone-inductive activity of the recombinant BMP-2A is histologically indistinguishable from that of bone extracts.
	www.wheelessonline.com /ortho/recombinant_human_bone_morphogenetic_protein_induces_bone_formation (150 words)

	Arthritis Research & Therapy \| Full text \| Role of bone morphogenetic protein signals during skeletal development (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In the final step in endochondral bone formation, the hypertrophic cartilage is invaded by blood vessels and osteoprogenitor cells, and the calcified cartilage is subsequently replaced by bone.
		Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) were originally identified as secreted signaling molecules that could induce endochondral bone formation.
		BMPs have diverse biological activities during development of various organs and tissues, and the precise roles of BMP signals during mammalian skeletal development have yet to be determined.
	arthritis-research.com /content/5/S3/23 (486 words)

	BMP6 - bone morphogenetic protein 6
		Bone morphogenetic proteins were originally identified by an ability of demineralized bone extract to induce endochondral osteogenesis in vivo in an extraskeletal site.
		From a high degree of amino acid sequence homology, BMP5, BMP6, and BMP7 are recognized as a subfamily of the BMPs.
		Epigenetic regulation of human bone morphogenetic protein 6 geneexpression in prostate cancer.
	www.ucsf.edu /pgdb/gene/11.html (114 words)

	Bone Morphogenetic Protein and Collagen
		Now that their structure has been elucidated, they have been purified and cloned, and are now available for the improvement of bone healing.
		This bone allograft is used to achieve greater osteoinductive capacity.
		Bone Morphogenetic Protein and Collagen answers most of the questions of orthopaedic surgeons and tissue bankers on how BMPs can be produced and used to their maximum effectiveness.
	www.stmbooks.co.uk /acatalog/9812383182_M9030.html (212 words)

	Bone Morphogenetic Protein (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In a previous study, UW anatomy professor John F. Fallon and his team showed that Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (Bmp2) must be expressed in order to produce barb ridges, which are among the first structures to form in the tufted branches of the simple downy chick feather.
		The SMF also stimulated ectopic bone formation in and around subcutaneously implanted bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2-containing pellets in mice, in which the orientation of bone formation was...
		Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor 2 Mutations in Pulmonary Hypertension --...
	www.onlyprotein.com /100wheyprotein/bonemorphogeneticprotein (1210 words)

	Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Stimulates Angiogenesis in Developing Tumors -- Langenfeld and Langenfeld 2 (3): 141 -- ...
		HAEC protein was precipitated with an anti-Smad 1/5/8 antibody and Western blot probed with an anti-phosphoserine antibody.
		Bone morphogenetic protein-4 is required for mesoderm formation and patterning in the mouse.
		Bone morphogenetic protein 2 exerts diverse effects on cell growth in vitro and is expressed in human pancreatic cancer in vivo.
	mcr.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/2/3/141 (4372 words)

	A Truncated Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 Receptor Alters the Fate of Ventral Mesoderm to Dorsal Mesoderm: Roles of ...
		A Truncated Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 Receptor Alters the Fate of Ventral Mesoderm to Dorsal Mesoderm: Roles of Animal Pole Tissue in the Development of Ventral Mesoderm -- Maeno et al.
		A role for bone morphogenetic proteins in the induction of cardiac myogenesis.
		Bmpr encodes a type I bone morphogenetic protein receptor that is essential for gastrulation during mouse embryogenesis.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/abstract/91/22/10260 (1682 words)

	Bone morphogenetic protein definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Bone morphogenetic protein: A member of a superfamily of proteins that promote the formation of bone and the skeleton and help mend broken bones.
		Although it was known that scrapings from healthy bone stimulated the healing of fractures, the nature of the regenerative mechanism remained a mystery until 1965 when Dr. Marshall Urist did an experiment in which he implanted demineralized, pulverized bone in a rabbit's muscle.
		These BMPs are quite different from BMP1 and belong to a superfamily called transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta).
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=16238 (201 words)

	Expression of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-6 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors in Myoepithelial Cells of Canine ...
		Expression of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-6 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors in Myoepithelial Cells of Canine Mammary Gland Tumors -- Akiyoshi et al.
		the expression of BMP and its receptors on the myoepithelial
		Jones CM, Lyons KM, Hogan BL: Involvement of bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) and Vgr-1 in morphogenesis and neurogenesis in the mouse.
	www.vetpathology.org /cgi/content/full/41/2/154 (3758 words)

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