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	Lewes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The event is organised by the local bonfire societies.
		Lewes itself has seven bonfire societies (Nevill is a children's society and holds its celebrations a week or two before the 5th November; Southover, which disbanded in 1985, reformed in 2005 and plan to march with Cliffe) and a number of nearby towns have their own bonfire societies.
		The other five local bonfire societies from the town (Borough, Cliffe, Commercial Square, South Street and Waterloo) each proceed on their own route accompanied by a number of other societies from the neighbouring towns.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lewes (1005 words)

	Guy Fawkes night - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ironically enough, they involve a display of fireworks and the building of a bonfire, upon which is burnt an effigy representing the most famous of the conspirators, Guy Fawkes.
		Despite the nature of the events commemorated, little political or sectarian significance is attached to Bonfire Night in modern times.
		The once common practice of burning effigies of the Pope is now largely discontinued (except at Lewes, where the night has additional significance).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Guy_Fawkes_Night (375 words)

	About East Sussex Bonfires
		Simultaneously a much-revered tradition and a colourful riot of a celebration, it is centred on Bonfire Night - or "the Fifth" (November, of course) - in Lewes.
		Bonfire does a very good job of taking the sting out of the onset of Winter, and even makes you look forward to dark evenings and cold nights.
		But I'd have to add that I know plenty of "Bonfire Girls" who clearly get something out of Bonfire (!), and let's face it, little boys and girls are lucky enough to benefit from Bonfire and Christmas, courtesy especially of more family-orientated Bonfire Societies such as Barcombe and Neville (website yet to be found).
	www.fishonabike.com /bonfire (444 words)

	A Glossary of Bonfire
		The Bonfire Societies have a tense relationship with the Police on Bonfire Night.
		In years gone by, arrests of Bonfire Boys were not uncommon, and there have been several attempts by the authorities to stop the celebrations altogether.
		Bonfire has strong connections with Remembrance, not least because of the proximity of Armistice Day (11th November) to the Fifth.
	www.bonfire.demon.co.uk /FireSite/glossary.html#societies (518 words)

	Lewes - InformationBlast
		Lewes itself has five bonfire societies and a number of nearby towns have their own bonfire societies.
		The five local bonfire societies from the town (Borough, Cliffe, Commercial Square, South Street and Waterloo), proceed on their own route accompanied by a number of other societies from the neighbouring towns.
		To mark the demise of the 17 martyrs, 17 burning crosses are thrown into the river Ouse and a wreath laying ceremony occurs at the 'Martyrs Memorial' on a hill overlooking the town.
	www.informationblast.com /Lewes.html (839 words)

	bonfire night tradition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The tradition of lighting bonfires to commemorate the failure of the gunpowder plot began in 1605.
		In some ways Bonfire Night is related to the ancient festival of Samhain, the Celtic New Year (more popularly known as Halloween), of which bonfires were an integral part as they were believed to ward off evil spirits.
		The word bonfire is derived from "bone fire" because originally bones were the primary material burn't, usually animal bones that had accumulated over the course of a year.
	www.the-gunpowder-plot.co.uk /bonfire-night-tradition.htm (477 words)

	Bonfires and Guys- Of Guy Fawkes Day
		In retrospect the various Bonfire Societies performed magnificently in 2000 in being able to carry on as normal in spite of the flooding of the River Ouse which had devastated the town so terribly just a few weeks prior to the celebrations.
		With Bonfire Night falling on a weekday (a Monday) this year the crowds were slightly lower than for the previous couple of years when the festivities took place over a weekend, but this was actually an advantage for Bonfire aficionados as it was far easier to get close to the various events.
		Certainly other societies did not seem to be able to alter their plans in time, for other tableaux on display that evening centred on the recent foot and mouth epidemic and the crisis in the National Health Service.
	www.geocities.com /Pentagon/Quarters/8901/bonfires.html (3067 words)

	Parliament in 1998, Fireworks Bill, 11 March 1998, National Campaign for Firework Safety
		There are other bonfire societies elsewhere in east Sussex, which have long been involved in the celebrations on 5 November.
		The bonfire societies in Lewes have tremendous expertise, as I told the Minister when he kindly met me and the bonfire societies in June or July last year.
		The emergency regulations that were introduced in December 1996 made the serious omission of not recognising the special needs of bonfire societies; they recognised professional companies and local authorities on the one hand and individuals on the other.
	www.angelfire.com /co3/NCFS/parl/11march1998.html (8662 words)

	Battel Bonfire Boyes official Website (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Battel Bonfire Boyes is the oldest bonfire society in the country, there are records of it going all the way back to 1646.
		This year (2005) is a very special year for all Bonfire Societies, it is the 400th Anniversary of the discovery of the Gunpowder Plot.
		The Battel Bonfire Boyes have already started fund-raising for this year's event, details of which can be found on the fund-raising page as they are decided.
	www.battelbonfire.co.uk /index1.htm (553 words)

	BBC NEWS \| UK \| Explosive event remembers Guy Fawkes
		Then came the main event with the bonfire societies parading down the main High Street dressed either in Guernseys, giving them an air of 18th century sailors, or else in a range of spectacular and outlandish costumes, ranging from native American and Zulus to Vikings and Victorian ladies.
		Each society carried its traditional banner and effigies emblazoned with slogans such as the Cliff society's notorious "No Popery" banner, reminding the watching crowd of the event's roots in anti-Catholic feelings dating back to the burning of 17 Protestant martyrs in Lewes in the 16th Century, and fed by the 1605 gunpowder plot.
		Many of the bonfires were ticket-only events with no tickets available to purchase outside Lewes, in a bid by the bonfire societies to restrict the thousands of out-of-town visitors, who have sparked safety fears in the past.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/uk/3988037.stm (902 words)

	Rancho Bernardo Senior Book Discussion Group: New Perspectives on Old Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		In primitive societies, survival benefits can be linked to the belief in the supernatural: Humans who had a god (or a group of gods) whom they mutually believed in and respected or feared -- and were thus willing to obey - could be made to act with a high degree of cooperation.
		On the other hand, societies that had no gods and thus never learned to cooperate as well as their “god-fearing” neighbors -- would either not develop at all or they would not be able to compete efficiently with their neighbors for scarce resources.
		The adoption of a religious belief system within modern society restrains rational thought processes because religion is the essence of irrationality and is a poor substitute for factual, scientific knowledge.
	www.rationality.net /book.htm (3687 words)

	PDXGuide.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		But, no, the Bonfire is just another watered-down theme bar, almost mall-ish in its attempt to play to many crowds; criticism aside, they are doing so with marked success.
		Though the Bonfire Lounge is a dark and indistinctly lit place (no surprise there) diverse groups of thrill-seekers have apparently developed a bat-like radar sense from frequent return visits and easily easily find perch among large tables and booths.
		According to one questioned patron, the attraction of the Bonfire is, in fact, the observed diversity of its clientele.
	www.pdxguide.com /nightlife/bonfire.cfm (542 words)

	History
		The Society adopted the ‘Guernsey’ costume for its members and, accompanied by a band, its torchlight processions paraded through the streets of the Cliffe area dragging blazing tar barrels, displaying banners proclaiming ‘No Popery’ and carrying papal and political effigies.
		With the procession’s arrival at the firesite at Cliffe Corner the proceedings were then conducted by the Society’s ‘Bishop’ who, standing on a raised platform, lambasted the crowd with an anti-catholic and patriotic tirade before condemning the effigies to the fire.
		This led the townspeople to allow the Bonfire Boys back in the streets, and two great bonfires were lighted, one in front of the County Hall and one in front of Cliffe Church.
	www.cliffebonfire.com /history.html (2382 words)

	Maine Audubon: working to conserve Maine's wildlife and wildlife habitat by engaging people in education, conservation, ...
		It was here that the society weathered another near disaster when, on the night of the great "Rum Riot" of June 2, 1855, a roaring mob broke down the doors to loot the medicinal liquors that Mayor (and society member) Neal Dow had locked in the basement.
		The society's meeting of June 19, 1876, was scrubbed because a concert was being held downstairs in City Hall and the ticket-taker mistook the membership for gate crashers.
		In 1921 the society counted 6000 visitors, a proud vote of approval from a city whose population was barely 30,000.
	www.maineaudubon.org /about/history.shtml (7416 words)

	Lewes Bonfire Night 2004 - Miscellaneous - ILoveJackDaniels.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The six bonfire societies in the town, and many from the surrounding area, parade through the town in costume, in one of the largest processions of its kind anywhere.
		After that, the societies split up and head for each of their individual bonfires and fireworks display, around the edge of the town.
		The celebrations here are not just for Bonfire Night and the Gunpowder plot, but also in memory of the Lewes martyrs, burned in the 1500s under the rule of Bloody Mary.
	www.ilovejackdaniels.com /misc/lewes-bonfire-night-2004 (303 words)

	spiked-risk \| Article \| Bonfire of our sanity
		The fearsome Bonfire Boys took to the streets, burning the effigies of the hated public figures of the moment.
		One bonfire built by firefighters in Warwickshire next to their fire station was cancelled this year, because the fire station was closed in the evening and so couldn't ensure that the bonfire wasn't tampered with (3).
		By the end of the Firle bonfire, the attendants had slackened their security lines and people were wandering in and out of the procession.
	www.spiked-online.com /Printable/0000000CA769.htm (1425 words)

	Lewes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		In Lewes this event not only marks the date of the uncovering of the Gunpowder Plot in 1605, but alsocommemorates the memory of 17 Protestant martyrs who were burnt at the stake in the town during the Marian persecutions of 1555 - 1557.
		The five localbonfire societies from the town (Borough, Cliffe, Commercial Square, South Street andWaterloo) each proceed on their own route accompanied by a number of other societies from the neighbouring towns.
		The festivitiesculminate in five separate bonfire displays, where the effigies are destroyed by firework and flame.
	www.therfcc.org /lewes-67988.html (824 words)

	Bonfire - The soul of Lewes
		This is Bonfire Night, also known throughout the UK as Guy Fawkes, and is celebrated on the 5th of November every year, unless the 5th falls on a Sunday when the events are moved to the previous day.
		For those of you that do not know of Bonfire Night, it is generally held as a night to remember the breaking of a Jesuit plot to blow up the Houses of Parliament when they reassembled on Tuesday 5th November 1605, and with them King James I and the government of England.
		Grahame was an active member of the society from 1984 through 1990, and hopefully, if we can get the costumes sorted out, both he and Rafe will be joining the Smugglers section of Cliffe again in 2000.
	www.peckhamclose.f9.co.uk /lewes/events/bonfire/index.html (808 words)

	bonfire celebrations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		In Sussex there is a very old tradition of celebrating Bonfire Night with a torch lit procession through the town or village to the bonfire site where a large bonfire is lit, and there is also a spectacular firework display.
		This tradition is kept alive in many places by "Bonfire Societies" who spend most of the year fundraising in order to finance the staging of their main event.
		The bonfires are held on different dates in each town or village so that the various bonfire societies can attend each other's bonfire celebrations, joining in the processions, adding colour and sound to the spectacle.
	website.lineone.net /~martin.poole/bonfire.htm (113 words)

	City Guide for Lewes in England - The Bonfire Societies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Each November 5, while the rest of Britain lights small domestic bonfires or attends municipal firework displays to commemorate the foiling of a Catholic plot to blow up the Houses of Parliament, Lewes puts on a more dramatic show, whose origins lie in the deaths of the town's Protestant martyrs.
		Lewes' first bonfire societies were established soon afterwards, to try to get a bit more discipline into the proceedings, and earlier this century they were persuaded to move their street fires to the town's perimeters.
		Today's tightly knit bonfire societies, each with its quasi-militaristic motto ("Death or Glory", "True to Each Other", etc), spend much of the year organizing the Bonfire Night shenanigans, when their members dress up in traditional costumes and parade through the town carrying flaming torches, before marching off onto the downs for their society's big fire.
	www.cityguides-worldwide.com /England/99596.htm (269 words)

	Bonfires in Hastings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Bonfire started as a direct result of the activities of a group of conspirators who sought to overthrow the Protestant King James 1st and establish a Catholic monarchy on the English throne.
		The first Bonfire Society was established in 1847 in Lewes in response to the Riot Act being read in the town.
		The St. Leonards Society was formed in 1859 and in 1860 the larger Hastings Borough Bonfire Society was formed.
	www.1066.net /bonfire/bonfires.htm (1214 words)

	Information About Bonfire Night Web Sites (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Of Bonfires, famous and infamous - A view of the Lewes bonfire celebration from the European Institute of Protestant Studies.
		Official Cliffe Bonfire Society - Formed in 1853, and based in Lewes, East Sussex, celebrates the discovery of the Gunpowder Plot of 1605 each year on November 5th.
		Bonfire Night : Lewes 2000 - Images only of the 5th November celebrations, but captures the general atmosphere well.
	www.worldcrawl.com /Regional/Europe/UnitedKingdom/England/EastSussex/Lewes/SocietyandCulture/BonfireNight (310 words)

	BBC NEWS \| England \| Southern Counties \| Crowds warned off bonfire event
		Organisers of the bonfire celebrations in Lewes are urging people from outside the town to stay away from the event.
		Lewes Bonfire Council, which represents the town's six bonfire societies, issued the warning supported by Sussex Police and Lewes District Council.
		The bonfire calendar in East Sussex runs from September until the end of November with more than 20 societies taking part in weekly processions across the county.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/england/southern_counties/3755094.stm (288 words)

	Lewes Bonfire Night Celebrations 03 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		There are at present six societies in Lewes, Cliffe Bonfire Society, Lewes Borough Bonfire Society, Commercial Square Bonfire Society, South Street Bonfire Society, Waterloo Bonfire Society and Nevill Juvenile Bonfire Society which have their bonfire night celebrations a couple of weeks earlier.
		I moved to Lewes in 1978 just before the Sussex bonfire season was underway, never heard of Lewes let alone the 5th November celebrations and was aware of the main topic of conversations, "bonfire this bonfire that" and thought yeah right oh!
		Lewes Bonfire Night Celebrations on the 5th November and if you are heavily into history etc, then I would suggest that as a starting point you look in the Dmoz Directory.
	www.fletchingbonfiresociety.co.uk /lewesbonfirenight.htm (894 words)

	BBC - Beyond the Broadcast - Making History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The Bonfire Night celebrations at Lewes in East Sussex are particularly impressive, with five competing bonfire societies, parades and firework displays.
		Bonfires are 'bone fires' - burnings at the stake.
		In the reign of James I it was the disappointment of pro-Catholics at James's failure to re-establish Catholicism that led to the Gunpowder Plot.
	bbc.co.uk /education/beyond/factsheets/makhist/makhist6_prog8c.shtml (486 words)

	cliffe
		EACH year, on the Fifth of November, the town of Lewes is filled not with the sound and smell of traffic, but the beat of drum, the blast of trumpet and the smell of powder and burning torches.
		As the Bonfire Societies parade through the streets, their members bedecked in magnificent costumes, the spectators stand entranced by the splendour and pageantry of the occasion.
		By our bonfires and our seventeen blazing crosses we recall to mind the fires that burnt to death the Protestant Martyrs outside the Star Inn, Lewes, during the Marian Persecutions of the 16th century, fires that burned into people's hearts a hatred of tyranny which has ensured for us our freedom of thought and conscience.
	members.tripod.com /~Fawkes/cliffe.htm (1435 words)

	1998 Bonfire Rerports
		As pristine, crisp new members of Hastings Borough Bonfire Society (red/gold/blue stripes) we had wangled onto the bus taking a contingent to the evening's celebration and to this end we were heading for the Stade for a 5.05 pickup.
		On reaching the bonfire it was good to see a burning cross which reminds us of the Sussex Protestant Martyrs who were burned at the stake during the Marian Persecutions of the 16th century.
		The last recitation of the Bonfire Prayer in active service for the year preceeded ignition of the fire, which was rapidly riddled with glowing fuses giving birth to cracks and puffs of smoke.
	www.users.globalnet.co.uk /~bonboy/fletching.htm (2708 words)

	Next month in England: bonfires and effigies for the Gunpowder Plot
		Part of the bonfire ritual was baking potatoes in the embers, but our family never quite figured out the trick.
		A greater success was bonfire toffee, great slabs of hard candy, which Dad bashed with a hammer to break into bite-size pieces.
		Fireworks explode, bonfires are lit, and effigies of Guy Fawkes are burned...all to mark another year’s passing since the Gunpowder Plot of 1605.
	www.escapeartist.com /international/england_fawkes.html (1037 words)

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