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Topic: Boreal (period)

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Paleogeography (from Cretaceous Period) --  Encyclopædia Britannica The major geographic subdivisions of the world for the Cretaceous Period are the northern boreal, southern boreal, and Tethyan regions. Originally, the sequential nature of defining periods was a relative one, originating from the superposition of corresponding stratigraphic sequences and the evidence derived from paleontological studies. As the final period of the Mesozoic Era, the Cretaceous Period follows the Jurassic Period and precedes the... www.britannica.com /eb/article-69971?tocId=69971   (962 words)

Boreal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A Holocene pollen zone and Blytt-Sernander paleoclimate, the Boreal Period. In ecology, "Boreal" is usually applied to ecosystems localized to subarctic (Northern hemisphere) and subantarctic (Southern hemisphere) zones, although Austral is also used for the latter. The ecosystems that lie immediately to the south (in the Northern hemisphere) or to the north (in the Southern hemisphere) of boreal ones are often called hemiboreal. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Boreal   (219 words)

Winter Owl Survey Boreal owls in Wyoming were more vocal in the first hour after sunset (Clark and Anderson 1997), but Musel and Stutz (1989) found the first 2-3 hours after dark to be the most vocal period for boreal owls in Idaho. Bondrup-Nielsen (1978) found that boreal owls were sporadically active throughout the night with periods of activity lasting up to 4.5 hours; males may sing all night during the height of the breeding season. Seventy-one percent of the boreal owl detections (n =55 detections) and 63% of the great-horned owl detections (n = 8 detections) occurred when the moon was visible to the observer; the moon was visible at 39% of the stops during the study (n = 217). www.nps.gov /yuch/Expanded/key_resources/1999_owl_survey/1999_owl_survey.htm   (219 words)

The Boreal Forest The western boreal forest extends from the Arctic tundra on the north to the aspen parkland on the south. Because most conifers do not shed their leaves (i.e., needles), there is no seasonal period when light reaches the forest floor and therefore no seasonal flowering of the understory as there is in temperate deciduous forests in spring (Larsen). The boreal forest is a detritus ecosystem (Henry) characterized by relatively few species and podzolic soils (Larsen). colorado.edu /geography/courses/geog_6181_f03/rech/pages/biomes.shtml   (763 words)

Detailed Staff Information - Department of Anthropology - University of Alberta Current Research: Long-term hunter-gatherer adaptations in the boreal forest of the northern Yukon Territory, Canada (a 3-year SSHRCC funded investigation of terminal Pleistocene to historic period prehistory); analysis of a quary/workshop site in northern Alberta. The MSA is the period in which modern humans developed in Africa, populations who may also be the ancestors of all living human groups, according to the mitochondrial DNA or "out of Africa" model. (1994) "The Crane Site and the Palaeoeskimo Period in the Western Canadian Arctic," Canadian Museum of Civilization, Archaeological Survey of Canada, Paper No 148, Hull. www.uofaweb.ualberta.ca /anthropology/detailedstaffinformation.cfm   (763 words)

Cultural Resources in Bering Land Bridge National Preserve It is generally considered a culture of the interior, a result of expansion of the northern boreal forests, related to a climatic warming period, and a concomitant expansion of people and/or cultural from the boreal forests and Archaic cultures south and east of Alaska. The Kotzebue culture period, between AD 1400 and 1850, is seen as a direct outgrowth of the Western Thule culture and links the prehistoric and early historic Inupiat cultures. This pattern is thought to be a continuation of that of the late Kotzebue Period archeological culture. www.nps.gov /akso/akarc/cr_bela.htm   (763 words)

Cultural Resources of Cape Krusenstern National Monument It is generally considered a culture of the interior, a result of expansion of the northern boreal forests, related to a climatic warming period, and a concomitant expansion of people and/or cultures from the boreal forests and Archaic cultures south and east of Alaska, in the Southwest Yukon (Giddings and Anderson 1986). The Kotzebue culture period, between AD 1400 and 1850, is seen as a direct outgrowth of the Western Thule culture and links the prehistoric and early historic Inupiat cultures. Kotzebue period sites and remains are more numerous than those of any preceding culture and have been documented around the full extent of Kotzebue Sound. www.nps.gov /akso/akarc/cr_cakr.htm   (763 words)

Dataset Detail We aggregated temperate forest, temperate grasslands and temperate savannas into an extra-boreal category to indicate vegetation types that are located in transitional regions between boreal forest and temperate ecosystems or that are not characteristic of vegetation located in arctic and boreal regions. For the Alaska transect, data were obtained from the Alaska Fire Service for the time period from 1950 through 1997 (see Murphy et al. For the Finland transect, data were for the time period from 1970 through 1998 (Finnish statistical year book of forestry 1999). www.lter.uaf.edu /data_catalog_detail.cfm?dataset_id=205   (763 words)

NCDC: Climate of 2004 - November The combination of anomalous warmth over many land and ocean areas led to a record warm November and boreal fall (September-November) for land surfaces and for the combined land and ocean surfaces as shown in the table a graphs below. The map on the right is a blended product which uses satellite and surface anomaly values of measured land and ocean temperatures as well as SSTs with the base period of 1988-2004. *The two maps below utilize different base periods and may reflect different anomaly values of land surface temperatures. www.ncdc.noaa.gov /oa/climate/research/2004/nov/global.html   (763 words)

f03240.txt In the contiguous United States, the distribution of the lynx is associated with the southern boreal forest, comprising of subalpine coniferous forest in the West and primarily mixed coniferous/deciduous forest in the East (Aubry et al. Although records of lynx in Idaho are relatively common and boreal forest habitat is contiguous with adjacent States and Canada where lynx populations are known to exist, we cannot clearly substantiate either the historic or current presence of resident lynx populations in Idaho, nor can we identify population changes or trend with the available information. Appropriate Federal and State agencies, tribal governments, county governments, scientific organizations, and other interested parties were contacted and requested to comment during the initial comment period, notified of the extensions, and were again contacted when the comment period was reopened to allow evaluation of the Science Report. www.eswr.com /f03240.txt   (19737 words)

Untitled Document Traditionally each of the glacial phases and interspersed interglacial periods was given a name, based on a ‘type’ site, where features typical of the period in question were first described. The glacial periods were often interspersed with ‘brief’ periods of ameliorated climate. The Devensian Glaciation gave way to the present Post-glacial period. www.phancocks.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk /naturalhistory/overview.htm   (541 words)

BOREAS BOREAS investigated exchanges of energy, water, heat, CO2, and trace gases between the boreal forest and the atmosphere. A common set of existing BOREAS in situ and remote-sensing data from the period 1993-1996 was compiled at point, study area, and regional scales for use by Follow-On investigators. The Boreal Ecosystem - Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) was an intensive remote-sensing and field study in the boreal forests of central Canada during the years 1993 to 1996. www-eosdis.ornl.gov /BOREAS/boreas_home_page.html   (235 words)

2004 Preliminary results from the Fort Nelson, British Columbia waterbird inventory project: 2003 progress report FORT NELSON PROJECT Ducks Unlimited Canada (DUC) created the Western Boreal Program (WBP) in 1997 to identify critical wetland systems, and to help develop sustainable-use practices and conservation strategies for the western regions of Canada's boreal forest. We also detected changes in earthcover types over a 10-year period due to an increase in fires, urban expansion, forest harvesting, and changes in water levels. What DUC has done in the Fort Nelson Project: In 2002, an earthcover inventory was completed that used Landsat TM 7 imagery to classify 3.5 million hectares (~ 9 million acres) into 29 upland and wetland cover types. www.for.gov.bc.ca /hfd/library/FIA/HTML/FIA2004MR023.htm   (379 words)

Canadian Shield -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article This arrangement was caused by severe (The process of covering the earth with glaciers or masses of ice) glaciation during the last (Any period of time during which glaciers covered a large part of the earth's surface) ice age, which covered the Shield and scraped the rock clean. The Shield is also covered by vast (Click link for more info and facts about boreal forest) boreal forests that support an important logging industry. As mountains erode, their roots rise and are eroded in turn. www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/C/Ca/Canadian_Shield.htm   (379 words)

Untitled Document Traditionally each of the glacial phases and interspersed interglacial periods was given a name, based on a ‘type’ site, where features typical of the period in question were first described. If time, and/or the degree of amelioration only allowed the development of a community that has its modern counterpart in the boreal deciduous (birch), or boreal coniferous (pine/spruce) forest before deterioration sets in then the interval is referred to as an interstadial. Although there were long intervals of temperate climate, similar to or even warmer than that of today, first during the later Pliocene and then during the Pleistocene interglacials, these alternated with a series of increasingly cold and then glacial periods. www.phancocks.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk /naturalhistory/overview.htm   (379 words)

VEGETATION AND PALEOCLIMATE OF THE LAST INTERGLACIAL PERIOD, CENTRAL ALASKA The last interglacial period is of considerable interest to both paleoclimatologists and climate modellers because it is thought to be the last time global climates were significantly warmer than present, and is a possible analog for future warm climates. The presence of boreal forest in interior Alaska and Yukon during the last interglacial does not provide a definitive test of this hypothesis, although its presence permits such a reconstruction. It is interesting to note that Lozhkin and Anderson (1995) report an expanded boreal forest in northeast Siberia during the last interglacial, based on paleobotanical data, with both increased summer temperatures and slightly increased precipitation. climchange.cr.usgs.gov /info/lite/alaska/alaska.html   (379 words)

Glacial and Postglacial Vegetation, by Paul B. Sears But he denied the reality of a second dry or sub-boreal period and The period appears to have been predominantly cool. Passing from the question of glacial to that of interglacial climate, we are confronted with an embarrassing confusion as to the number, character and correlation of these interglacial stages. www.wku.edu /~smithch/biogeog/SEAR1935.htm   (379 words)

LIFE Nature - vegetation of Vrancea Mountains Due to its altitude and climate conditions the characteristic vegetation of the Vrancea Mountains is represented by forests (although the surface is not continuous, considering the massive deforestation from the interwar period) and secondary mountainous pastures. In the Vrancea Mountains there are three vegetation layers: the nemoral layer, represented by montane beech forests and mixed beech and coniferous forests, the boreal layer represented by pure spruce forests or mixed coniferous forests and the subalpine layer, that dominates only the Goru Peak area. In the Vrancea Mountains the lower limit of the boreal layer is situated at approx. www.carnivoremari.ro /vnen/db84.html   (872 words)

Information about nature and nature use In the Sub-Boreal period the broad-leafed forests withdrew and heath-, mesotrophic- and nemoral pine forests, swamp birch and alder dominated the landscape. Oak-pine mixed forests were alternated by lime-elm deciduous forests, alder and birch forests appeared in the lower parts of the island and at the end of this period oak-spruce mixed forests appeared. Birch and pine are prevailing, spruce occurs to a lesser extent. www.bka.hiiuloodus.ee /andmeid/eng_forest.html   (1901 words)

CSIRO PUBLISHING - Australian Journal of Botany Except for the Boreal period rarely more than three different species were growing simultaneously during the Holocene. During the younger periods of the Holocene the lake became mesotrophic, and pH values were for a longer period slightly alkaline. During the Early to Middle Bronze Age (1900–1400 BC) the considerable alterations in the hydrophyte composition and the simultaneous extensive prehistoric agriculture on the fertile shores of the lake point to human impact as the primary cause for changes in charophyte diversity. www.publish.csiro.au /nid/65/paper/BT97082.htm   (180 words)

Épipaléolithique, Mésolithique et Néolithique ancien dans les Basses Alpes From several pollen diagrams of the northwestern Alps (Dieffenbach-Fries 1981, 121-123; Bludau 1985, 231-233), the southern and western Alps and from individual finds in pollen diagrams for the eastern lower Alpine regions of Bavaria, domesticated cereals are reported from the early Atlantic and even from the late Boreal period (dates collected by Küster 1988, 102-113). Pollen analyses of several moors surrounding the mountain reveal domesticated cereals in the early Atlantic period (Fig. During the Late Pleistocene and the Early Holocene the Allgäu is obviously connected with the cultural development in the Swabian Alps and in Upper Swabia. www.obib.de /Archaeologie/SW-Bavaria/StoneageSWBavariaText.php   (180 words)

Chontal: Ancient Stone Sculpture from Guerrero, Mexico on Tribalarts.com The Chontal corpus of artifacts is of such quantity and variety as to suggest the tradition flourished for a prolonged period of time, spanning from at least 1500 BC in its early manifestations to possibly AD 600 in its derivative phase. In Chontal times the environment was probably more hospitable, with dense boreal oak and pine forests on the mountain ranges, while the piedmont areas were likely home to leguminous trees, prickly pear, yucca, and agave, with mesquite, acacia, and wild fig trees growing on the valley floors, and willows and alders along the rivers. The formative period of the Chontal tradition is characterized by figures adapted from functional diorite axes. www.tribalarts.com /feature/chontal   (180 words)

County of Red Deer v. Director, Northeast Boreal and Parkland, AEP (Discontinuance) The County of Red Deer requests that the approval period be changed to the usual 10 year period therefore adjusting the expiry date from February 1, 2003 to February 1, 2008." R.L. (Rob) Stonehouse, Utilities Officer for the County of Red Deer No. 23 with respect to Approval No.1176-01-00 issued by the Director of Northeast Boreal and Parkland Regions, Alberta Environmental Protection to the Reeve of the County of Red Deer No. 23. Director of Northeast Boreal and Parkland Regions, Alberta Environmental Protection. www3.gov.ab.ca /eab/dec/98-013.html   (307 words)

Cultural Resources of Cape Krusenstern National Monument It is generally considered a culture of the interior, a result of expansion of the northern boreal forests, related to a climatic warming period, and a concomitant expansion of people and/or cultures from the boreal forests and Archaic cultures south and east of Alaska, in the Southwest Yukon (Giddings and Anderson 1986). Seabird colonies house the long-tailed jaeger, common murre, arctic tern and glaucous gull. Some artifact types appear in the eastern Siberian Belkachi culture but the manufacture and use of burin spall artifacts seems to be unique to the North American Arctic. www.nps.gov /akso/akarc/cr_cakr.htm   (307 words)

MEEC 2005, Ecosystem Ecology Peatlands in boreal Western Canada began developing in the mid-Holocene period, approximately 8000 to 4000 years Before Present, after the Laurentide ice sheet retreated. Peatlands then spread across boreal Canada by one of two methods: paludification or terrestrialization. mypage.siu.edu /meec2005/Abs_EcosEcol.html   (1050 words)

Hairy Woodpecker description Two Hairy Woodpeckers were encountered in the boreal forests of the Yukon River Valley (YV) and the Tintina Hills (TH) ecological units during the survey period. Woodpeckers of the family Picidae (meaning "smeared with pitch") are highly arboreal birds with chisel-like bills, strong claws, short legs and stiff tail-feathers. Woodpecker species were found to be more vocal during March bird surveys than during the June survey period. www.nps.gov /yuch/Expanded/key_resources/birds/species_descriptions/hawo_description.htm   (543 words)

Untitled Document Traditionally each of the glacial phases and interspersed interglacial periods was given a name, based on a ‘type’ site, where features typical of the period in question were first described. If time, and/or the degree of amelioration only allowed the development of a community that has its modern counterpart in the boreal deciduous (birch), or boreal coniferous (pine/spruce) forest before deterioration sets in then the interval is referred to as an interstadial. Although there were long intervals of temperate climate, similar to or even warmer than that of today, first during the later Pliocene and then during the Pleistocene interglacials, these alternated with a series of increasingly cold and then glacial periods. www.phancocks.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk /naturalhistory/overview.htm   (543 words)

Detailed Staff Information - Department of Anthropology - University of Alberta Current Research: Long-term hunter-gatherer adaptations in the boreal forest of the northern Yukon Territory, Canada (a 3-year SSHRCC funded investigation of terminal Pleistocene to historic period prehistory); analysis of a quary/workshop site in northern Alberta. Research Areas: Arctic and Subarctic, western North American (Yukon, NWT, Alaska, Alberta); Palaeoeskimo, late prehistoric Athapaskan; lithic and bone/antler technological studies; organization of technology; hunter-gatherer archaeology; spatial analysis in archaeology; archaeological methods. Teaching Areas: Linguistic anthropology, especially in the areas of discourse analysis, verbal art, oral narrative, and life history; landscape and culture; ethnopoetics; contemporary and historical social issues and Indigenous Peoples; ethnography; Northwest Coast First Nations artistic traditions and expressive culture. www.uofaweb.ualberta.ca /anthropology/detailedstaffinformation.cfm   (543 words)

LWCF FY05: Superior National Forest, Long Island The deep pine woods of the Superior play host to a landscape of lakes, bogs, and rocky outcrops that are remnants of the glacial period and create the only thriving boreal forest in the continental U.S. Thirteen hundred miles of cold-water streams and 950 miles of warm water streams flow within the forest’s boundaries. It is one of the wettest forests in the entire national forest system, and one of the wildest, with its 1.2-million-acre Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness. The Forest Service needs an appropriation of $1.2 million from the Land and Water Conservation Fund in the Fiscal Year 2005 Interior Appropriations bill to start acquiring Long Island, the largest undeveloped island in Burntside Lake. www.wilderness.org /WhereWeWork/Minnesota/LWCF05-SuperiorNF.cfm   (543 words)

Earthspan Earthspan’s broad-winged hawk research focused on identifying critical habitat during the breeding season, along migration pathways, and during the boreal winter period. The broad-winged hawk is a neotropical migrant that breeds in eastern and central North American forests and winters primarily from Southern Mexico south through Central America to northern South America (Bolivia and Northern Brazil), with small numbers wintering in southern Florida. However, it is unknown whether broad-winged hawks concentrate in certain areas in their winter range and what specific biological threats they might be exposed to during this part of their annual cycle. www.earthspan.org /BWHA.htm   (611 words)

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