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Topic: Borgia

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Francis Borgia
		RANCISCO DE Francis Borgia, born 28 October, 1510, was the son of Juan Borgia, third Duke of Gandia, and of Juana of Aragon; died 30 September, 1572.
		His grandfather, Juan Borgia, the second son of Alexander VI, was assassinated in Rome on 14 June, 1497, by an unknown hand, which his family always believed to be that of Cæsar Borgia.
		The task of Borgia was to establish, first at Rome, then in all the provinces, wisely regulated novitiates and flourishing houses of study, and to develop the cultivation of the interior life by establishing in all of these the custom of a daily hour of prayer.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06213a.htm (4057 words)

	Cesare Borgia
		Cesare Borgia, duke of Valentinois and Romagna (1476 1507), was the son of Pope Alexander VI by Vanozza dei Cattanei.
		Borgia's power was now at an end, and he was obliged to surrender all his castles in Romagna save Cesena, Forli and Bettinoro, whose governors refused to accept an order of surrender from a master who was a prisoner.
		Cesare Borgia was a type of the adventurers with which the Italy of the Renaissance swarmed, but he was cleverer and more unscrupulous than his rivals.
	www.nndb.com /people/172/000092893 (1586 words)

	Histories/ Lucrezia Borgia
		It has been suggested that the incredibly intense family loyalty among the Borgias may have sprung from their origins in Spain, and that it was this kind of loyalty which caused them to regard the blood-tie as almost sacred.
		All of that changed and Lucrezia and the rest of her family were catapulted to center stage when Cardinal Rodrigo Borgia became Pope Alexander VI in 1492 A.D. Lucrezia was twelve years old and her charmed life of protective obscurity was at an end.
		The Borgias were seen as the epitome of corruption and the fact that the Pope's daughter was quite attractive made it seem likely - almost desirable - for there to be incest in the family.
	www.dragonrest.net /histories/lucrezia.html (5076 words)

	Faculty, Department of Biology, University of Maryland
		Borgia is interested in the evolution of complex adaptations.
		He and his students have found that the quality of bowers and decorated courts is important both in attracting females to the bower and influencing their tendency to mate once they have arrived.
		Collaborating with biologists in Australia, Dr. Borgia has used molecular information to build a molecular phylogeny of the bowerbirds that has been used to determine the evolutionary sequence that bowerbird display traits have evolved.
	www.life.umd.edu /biology/faculty/borgia (418 words)

	Lucrezia Borgia
		On April 18, 1480, Lucrezia Borgia was born to the mistress of Rodrigo Borgia, Vannozza de Cattanei.
		A Spaniard, Rodrigo Borgia had studied law in Bologna and became a bishop, cardinal and vice-chancellor of the church when his uncle was elected.
		In 1507, Cesare Borgia died at the siege of Viana at the age of thirty-one, and although he was a bloody and heartless man yet cultured man and the murder of her second husband, Lucrezia grieved deeply.
	royalwomen.tripod.com /id30.html (2200 words)

	BORGIA FAMILY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-21)
		The Borgias were a group of talented men and women whose spectacular rise in Renaissance Italy aroused much envy and hatred among their contemporaries.
		Rodrigo Borgia was born on Xafiva in Spain in 1431.
		The Borgias were patrons of the arts and they allowed the Renaissance to flourish.
	www.yesnet.yk.ca /schools/projects/renaissance/borgia.html (376 words)

	Borgia, Cesare - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-21)
		BORGIA, CESARE [Borgia, Cesare], 1476-1507, Italian soldier and politician, younger son of Pope Alexander VI and an outstanding figure of the Italian Renaissance.
		Pius III, after a short reign, was succeeded by Julius II, an implacable enemy of Cesare Borgia.
		Patricide and the plot of 'The Prince': Cesare Borgia and Machiavelli's Italy.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-borgia-c1.html (555 words)

	CD Baby: MIKE BORGIA: Blood and Moonlight
		Surprisingly, New York singer/songwriter Mike Borgia’s claim to delivering “vocals reminiscent of Chris Cornell” is fairly accurate, though his delivery is closer to Cornell’s acoustic work on his solo debut, Euphoria Morning than the Herculean lungpower that defined Soundgarden’s entire body of work.
		Mike Borgia, Blood and Moonlight (© 2003 Mike Borgia) On the opening track, "Where You Are," the anguish and turns of Borgia's voice bring to mind Janis Joplin – throaty, gin-drenched, and filled with pain.
		Borgia's first effort is mostly acoustic (though the breakout rock-and-roll numbers are good as well).
	www.cdbaby.com /cd/borgia (483 words)

	CD Baby: CARMEN BORGIA: North
		Borgia is a fan of contrasts; "All You Really Need" is at first blush a pulsing and happy song, the kind of thing you would play loud on a long drive with the windows open.
		Borgia happily sings out that you shouldn't believe everything they tell you as the guitar, bass and ukulele swing him along.
		Borgia wrote most of the songs on "North" and sings them all; he plays quite a few of the instruments, steel string guitar, ukulele, musical saw and the occasional accordion.
	cdbaby.com /cd/carmenborgia (903 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Borgia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-21)
		Borgia, Cesare BORGIA, CESARE [Borgia, Cesare], 1476-1507, Italian soldier and politician, younger son of Pope Alexander VI and an outstanding figure of the Italian Renaissance.
		Borgia, Lucrezia BORGIA, LUCREZIA [Borgia, Lucrezia], 1480-1519, Italian noblewoman, famous figure of the Italian Renaissance; daughter of Pope Alexander VI.
		Several members of a branch of the Borja, or Borgia, family were dukes of Gandía.
	www.encyclopedia.com /printable/01691.html (638 words)

	Bowerbirds and sexual selection -- Gerald Borgia
		While this adaptive view of mate choice has long been accepted in discussions of mate choice in species with resource-based monogamous mating systems, evidence suggests that it is now appropriate to extend it to species with nonresource-based mating systems that have elaborate male displays.
		Borgia, G. Experimental study of male choice in the satin bowerbird.
		Borgia, G., M. Egeth, J. Uy, G. Patricelli.
	www.life.umd.edu /biology/borgialab (3193 words)

	IGN: The Stax Report: Script Review of Borgia
		Borgia recalls the nefarious reign of the titular “crime family,” from patriarch Pope Alexander VI’s election in 1492 to his (curious) death in 1503.
		Without going into too much detail about the Borgias’ exploits and misdeeds — which can be found online here — the plot dramatizes Cesare’s increasingly evil agenda to expand his family’s power and territorial control at the expense of his political enemies.
		Borgia succeeded in accomplishing what any good historical film should, which is to make the spectator interested in knowing more about the events and figures depicted.
	filmforce.ign.com /articles/367/367545p1.html (1285 words)

	The Borgias
		Such is the legacy of the Borgia family that established itself in one of Italy's most glorious periods, and that, in many ways, dominated the Renaissance with power and intrigue for fifty years.
		Another, Cesare Borgia, was, for a time, a cardinal, elevated to that position by his acknowledged father, Alexander VI, and later, after leaving holy orders, a murderous and ruthless duke.
		Lucretia Borgia Reigns in the Vatican in the Absence of Pope Alexander VI Cadogan Cowper illustration from the Tate Gallery in London)
	www.crimelibrary.com /serial_killers/history/borgias/1.html (1071 words)

	St Francis Borgia RHS - Home
		Even more significant is the fact that ninety-seven percent, 127 of 131 of the students, took the test, indicating that students of all abilities are performing well.
		Borgia students surpassed state scores in all four areas.
		Borgia students scored 23.0 in math, 25.3 in reading, and 23.4 in science.
	www.borgia.com /component/option,com_courses/Itemid,176 (642 words)

	Morbid Outlook - Heart of Darkness, The Borgia Family
		The most infamous of the lot is Lucrezia, who is said to have poisoned any number of rivals by dropping lethal fluids into their drinks from a special envenoming ring.
		Indeed, the tradition of clinking vessels together in a toast to health before drinking dates to the Borgias; the splashing of wine from cup to cup was a safeguard against poisoning.
		From this period the scandalous reports and legendary murders of the Borgia family began to snowball.
	www.morbidoutlook.com /nonfiction/articles/2001_12_hd_borgia.html (813 words)

	Cesare Borgia Biography
		Cesare Borgia was the first child of Vanozza de' Catanei and Cardinal Rodrigo Borgia, then archbishop of Valencia.
		The Borgia titles and estates in Spain were to be inherited by Pier Luigi Borgia, Cesare's older half brother, and an ecclesiastical career was chosen for Cesare.
		Because of Cesare's influence, Cardinal Piccolomini, a strong supporter of the Borgias, was elected Pope Pius III in September.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/cesare-borgia (1186 words)

	TNMC Movie News: Borgia
		Roderigo Borgia, the father of the family, eventually became Pope Alexander VI, running the Vatican as a criminal operation.
		Included in the family were eleven cardinals and three popes of the Roman Catholic Church, queen of England and a saint.
		The movie focuses on three of them, the most infamous: Rodrigo Borgia and two of his seven children, Cesare and Lucretia.
	www.tnmc.org /gnews/borgia.shtml (415 words)

	UBL: artist profile - Mike Borgia
		Mike Borgia, is a rock/alt band from New York City, exuding expressive lyrics and rhythms to create an eye-opening hook that won't let go.
		With the energy of an excited puppy, and the vocal ability and range reminiscent of Chris Cornell (Soundgarden) and legendary rock crooner Jeff Buckley, Mike Borgia sings the songs he writes, rocks hard live and has a solid musical background.
		Borgia has shared the stage with such acts as Sum 41, The Juliana Theory, American Hi-fi and several other well know acts.
	www.ubl.com /artists/mikeborgia/profile (263 words)

	Funagain Games: The Prince: The Struggle of House Borgia
		The Florentine statesman Niccol Machiavelli (1469 1527) served as a diplomat under Cesare Borgia, and saw from up close the devilish methods with which this ruler expanded his wealth and power.
		Based on his experiences with the Borgias he wrote his controversial Il Principe, stating that objectionable methods like corruption and murder are acceptable if it is in the interest of the ruler.
		Borgia is a colorful cardgame, in which the players represent one of the great, powerful Italian families in Renaissance Italy.
	www.funagain.com /control/product/~product_id=014496 (1973 words)

	TNMC: Untitled Deadpool Column
		Alexander VI, initially known as Rodrigo Borgia, if anything gets a better showing in the script than is probably his due.
		It should be sufficient for the viewer to note that Cesare and Lucrezia are his children and ponder the inferred disconnect with Church policy.
		The parallels with Mario Puzo’s book The Godfather are inescapable and it is curious to note that Puzo’s posthumously released novel "The Borgia' examines the peccadilloes of this Renaissance family through the same lens that he used on the infamous Corleones.
	www.tnmc.org /dp/0924021.shtml (1103 words)

	A New Dictionary of Eponyms: Borgia @ HighBeam Research
		Borgia, nepotism Lucrezia and Cesare Borgia, sister and brother, were members of an unscrupulous family in which compassion and humane behavior played no part.
		The Borgias were supposed to have possessed a secret, fatal recipe that they served to foes and unwanted guests alike.
		Drinking a toast to the health of the Borgias was chancy because the drinker might be about to lose his.
	www.highbeam.com /doc/1O31:nepotism/Borgia+.html?refid=ip_hf (154 words)

	Praise for THE BORGIA BRIDE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-21)
		The writer depicts Cesare as a major-league alpha male: handsome, ambitious and amoral, a man for whom murder was as natural and necessary as breathing.
		The heroine of this spicy tale is Lucrezia's sister-in-law, Sancha of Aragon, a beautiful, spirited, headstrong princess from Naples who is married off to Jofre Borgia, a simple-hearted weakling who is clearly not a Borgia by blood.
		With nothing to lose as life is worthless in the Borgia pit, Sancha vows to destroy her spouse and in-laws before they obliterate her loved ones back in Naples.
	www.jeannekalogridis.com /praiseborgia.html (649 words)

	PLAYS - 1833 LUCRÈCE BORGIA
		Her education was that of a lady of rank and she spent a great deal of her life serving her fathers political ambitions by marrying and divorcing the right people.
		The theme was the same as in Marion de Lorme and Lucrèce Borgia; man burdened with vice but saved by a single stroke of virtue.
		Mademoiselle George was cast for the role of Lucréce Borgia.
	www.hugo-online.org /050500.htm (369 words)

	Borgia film movie trailer review at The Z Review
		Premise/Synopsis : In 1492, the Pope dies and Cardinal Rodrigo Borgia emerges as the top contender to head the Vatican, despite a litter of illegitimate children.
		Johansson will play Rodrigo's daughter Lucrezia Borgia, who's torn between her family duties and a desire to find true love.
		In 1492, the Pope dies and Cardinal Rodrigo Borgia emerges as the top contender to head the Vatican, despite a litter of illegitimate children.
	www.thezreview.co.uk /comingsoon/b/borgia.shtm (310 words)

	GBonline \| Borgia Group of Codices
		The Borgia Codex is the finest example of what has been identified as a group of ritual-divinatory manuscripts that appear to have common content and share similar iconographic attributes.
		The Codex Borgia : A Full-Color Restoration of the Ancient Mexican Manuscript is a Dover publication that is highly recommended.
		Goddesses in the Borgia Codex Group written by Marìa de los Angeles Ojeda Dìaz is available in English and in Spanish as Las Diosas en los Còdices del Grupo Borgia: Arquetipos de las mujeres del Postclàsico.
	pages.prodigy.net /gbonline/awborgia.html (858 words)

	Lucrezia Borgia -- book review
		By virtue of noble birth, Lucrezia, the illegitimate daughter of Rodrigo Borgia, comports herself with the arrogance of privilege from an early age, raised alongside her "golden" brother, Cesare.
		Inevitably, the Borgia's reign ends in a bloody battle for dominance, forever drenched in murky shades of rumor and supposition.
		With a sudden flash of insight, the stunned Lucrezia is finally stripped of childish dreams, cowed before the enormity of her family's betrayal.
	www.curledup.com /lucrezia.htm (364 words)

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