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Topic: Boron trifluoride

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Aluminum chloride

Lewis acid

Lewis base

Coordinate covalent bond

Ether

Systematic name

Chloride

Nonpolar

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	BF3 & BF3 Complexes - Honeywell Boron Trifluoride (BF3)
		BF3 & BF3 Complexes - Honeywell Boron Trifluoride (BF3)
		Boron Trifluoride (BF) is one of the strongest Lewis acids (or electron pair acceptors) known and, therefore, finds broad application as an acidic catalyst for organic synthesis reactions.
		Boron Trifluoride is a non-flammable compressed gas packaged and shipped in cylinders under high pressure.
	www.honeywell.com /sites/portal?smap=bf3&page=Bf3-Bf3-Complexes&theme=T5 (199 words)

	Boron trifluoride - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Boron trifluoride (BF, trifluoroborane) is a pungent colourless toxic gas.
		Boron trifluoride can be handled as a liquid in a Lewis acid-base adduct with diethyl ether.
		The molecule BF consists of boron and fluorine in a trigonal planar geometry.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Boron_trifluoride (96 words)

	HHMI Lab Safety: LCSS: BORON TRIFLUORIDE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Boron trifluoride (and organic complexes such as BF -etherate) are extremely corrosive substances that are destructive to all tissues of the body.
		Boron trifluoride has not been found to be carcinogenic or to show reproductive or developmental toxicity in humans.
		Boron trifluoride reacts violently with water and alkali and alkaline earth metals such as sodium, potassium, and calcium.
	www.hhmi.org /about/labsafe/lcss/lcss15.html (533 words)

	United States Patent Application: 0040092776 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In the process of the present invention, a polyalkyl-substituted aromatic aldehyde is produced by the formylation of a corresponding polyalkyl-substituted aromatic compound with carbon monoxide in the presence of hydrogen fluoride/boron trifluoride catalyst.
		2,485,237 discloses that the conversion of mesitylene is 82.3% in the formylation of 0.3 mol of mesitylene in the presence of 1.0 mol of hydrogen fluoride and 1.0 mol of boron trifluoride under a pressure of 100 to 730 atm (9.8 to 71.5 MPa) for 11 min.
		The use of boron trifluoride more than 2.5 mol is economically disadvantageous because no additional effect on improving the reaction rate is obtained and the amount of boron trifluoride to be recovered increases.
	appft1.uspto.gov /netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/srchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1="20040092776".PGNR.&OS=DN/20040092776&RS=DN/20040092776 (2225 words)

	Boron Trifluoride (BF3) - Properties and packaging-Boron Trifluoride is a highly toxic, colorless gas which fumes in ...
		Boron Trifluoride (BF3) - Properties and packaging-Boron Trifluoride is a highly toxic, colorless gas which fumes in moist air.
		Boron Trifluoride is used extensively as a catalyst in such diverse operations as isomerization, alkylation, polymerization, es
		Boron Trifluoride is used extensively as a catalyst in such diverse operations as isomerization, alkylation, polymerization, esterfication, condensation, cyclization, hydration dehydration, sulfonation, desulfurization nitration, halogenation oxidation and acylation.
	www.c-f-c.com /specgas_products/boron-trifluoride.htm (103 words)

	BF3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Boron Trifluoride (BF Boron Trifluoride is a highly toxic, colorless, nonflammable compressed gas with a pugnent odor.
		Boron has properties which are borderline between metals and non-metals.
		Boron Trifluoride is used extensively in the semiconductor field.
	www.casetechnology.com /implanter/bf3.html (85 words)

	ATSDR - ToxFAQs™: Boron and Compounds
		Boron is a compound that occurs in nature.
		Boron is released to the environment from natural sources such as oceans, volcanoes, and geothermal steam.
		Boron accumulates in plants and is found in foods, mainly fruits and vegetables.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /tfacts26.html (908 words)

	BF3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Initially, boron trifluoride was called fluoric acid and was confused with hydrogen fluoride since, like hydrogen fluoride, it was released from a mixture of calcium fluoride and boric acid.
		Workers exposed to boron trifluoride exhibited disorders of vascular permeability, increased dry tendon reflexes, pains in the joints, and nasal mucosa atrophy.
		In 1989 the National Board of Labour Protection of Finland describes boron trifluoride as highly toxic that it irritates and corrodes the mucous membranes of the eyes, mouth and the respiratory tract.
	www.bruha.com /science/html/bf3.html (1546 words)

	Environmental Protection Agency (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Boron trifluoride dimethyl ether complex, boron trifluoride, dimethyl etherate; boron trifluoride dimethyl ether addition compound.
		Acute exposure to boron trifluoride compound with methyl ether may result in strong irritation of the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract.
		Acute exposure to boron trifluoride compound with methyl ether may require decontamination and life support for the victims.
	yosemite.epa.gov /oswer/CeppoEHS.nsf/firstaid/353-42-4?OpenDocument (510 words)

	Radiation Detectors
		Centronic boron trifluoride (BF 3) proportional counters are sensitive to thermal neutrons but are less sensitive to gamma radiation than 3 He Counters (Centronic BF 3 counters can be used in gamma fields up to 1 Sv /hr).
		However, the neutron detection is by means of a boron coating rather than boron or 3 He in a gaseous form, resulting in a higher neutron sensitivity.
		Uncompensated boron ion chambers are generally used in regions of high neutron flux where the gamma flux, which will also contribute to the output measurement, is not significant in relation to the neutron flux.
	www.centronic.co.uk /products_detectors.asp (821 words)

	[No title]
		The boron trifluoride is stored on site in the transportation vehicle, which is a tube trailer consisting of six tubes co-located on the trailer and direct piped to the production area.
		In the worse case scenario involving a BF3 release at the tube trailer, the Boron Department has trained personnel in the prevention and mitigation of a boron trifluoride leak from this equipment.
		Boron Department officials have met with local officials and outlined a course of action for informing the public.
	www.rtk.net /rmp/sum7/OK/fac100000095871 (899 words)

	Isotopic analysis of boron in boron trifluoride by mass spectrometry, and measurement of natural boron 10 concentration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A conventional mass spectrometer is used for precise measurements of the isotope ratios of boron in boron trifluoride samples with widely differing concentrations of boron 10.
		"Memory" effects caused by the adsorption of boron trifluoride on to the surfaces of the inlet system have been investigated, and it is found that these can be reduced to a workable level by careful design of the inlet system.
		By blending together enriched and depleted boron trifluoride, standard samples with known isotopic constitutions are prepared and used to calibrate the mass spectrometer.
	stacks.iop.org /0950-7671/37/323 (302 words)

	New Page 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Boron Trifluoride (BF) is one of the strongest Lewis acids (or electron accepters) known and, therefore, finds broad application as an acidic catalyst for organic synthesis reactions.
		Boron Trifluoride is a non-flammable compressed gas, packaged and shipped in cylinders under high pressure.
		When the coordinating organic specie is one of the reactants, addition of the complex is a convenient means of simultaneously introducing a reactant and BF catalyst into the reaction.
	bf3.honeywellppc.com /main.html (216 words)

	Condensation with Citral (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Taylor originally described the condensation of olivetol with citral using benzene as solvent and 10% boron trifluoride etherate as condensation catalyst.
		Mechoulam (Reference 355) has shown that by using methylene chloride as solvent and only 1% of boron trifluoride etherate there is obtained a 10% yield of THC-A instead of THC-B. Because the yield is better with this modification it is described in the example.
		The reaction mixture of THC, methylene chloride, and boron trifluoride-ether had added to it a volume of ether and a volume of water (each equal to the volume of methylene chloride used).
	www.erowid.org /archive/rhodium/chemistry/thc/page6.html (582 words)

	Re: Why is the compound BF3 nonpolar instead of ionic?
		Since the neutral boron atom has only three valence electrons, when it is bonded to three fluorine atoms it shares one of these electrons with each of the fluorines (and each fluorine contributes its odd seventh valence electron to the bond).
		Therefore, there are three pairs of electrons around the boron (in the three bonds), and in order for them to be as far away from each other as possible, they will form a trigonal planar geometry: all four atoms are in a plane, and the angle between pairs of adjacent bonds is 120°.
		Since the electrons are pulled away from boron equally in all directions by these fluorines, the net result is that they are pulled nowhere--that is, there is no net separation of charge in the molecule, and it is not polar.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/may98/895798716.Ch.r.html (402 words)

	Fluorine - F2 - is used for the production of uranium hexafluoride, sulfur hexafluoride, boron trifluoride, and the ...
		: Fluorine is used for the production of uranium hexafluoride, sulfur hexafluoride, boron trifluoride, and the metal fluorides, silver difluoride, cobalt trifluoride, and manganese trifluoride, the metal fluorides being particularly valuable for the preparation of fluorocarbons.
		A solution of hydrogen fluoride gas in water is called hydrofluoric acid, large quantities of which are consumed in industry for cleaning metals and for polishing, frosting, and etching glass.
		Boron trifluoride (BF3) and antimony trifluoride (SbF3), like hydrogen fluoride, are important catalysts for organic reactions; cobalt trifluoride (CoF3) and chlorine trifluoride (ClF3) are useful fluorinating agents; and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is used as a gaseous electrical insulator.
	www.c-f-c.com /specgas_products/fluorine.htm (642 words)

	MSDS
		Boron Trifluoride ≥ 16.1% in Ar, He, N2 Silane ≥ 0.5% in Ar, 0.67% in He, 1.0% in H2, N2
		Boron Trifluoride < 16.1% in Ar, He, N2 Silane < 1.0% in H2
		Boron Trifluoride 16.1-91.7% in H2 Silane < 0.5% in Ar, 0.67% in He, 1.0% in N2
	www.voltaix.com /msds.htm (356 words)

	Bush, Warren Van Ness (1958-01-01) A study of the boron trifluoride complexes of some carotenoid hydrocarbons and the ...
		Bush, Warren Van Ness (1958-01-01) A study of the boron trifluoride complexes of some carotenoid hydrocarbons and the products of their hydrolytic and alcoholytic cleavage.
		A study of the boron trifluoride complexes of some carotenoid hydrocarbons and the products of their hydrolytic and alcoholytic cleavage
		Formation of a deeply-colored [alpha]-carotene - boron trifluoride complex, by means of boron trifluoride etherate, and subsequent hydrolysis of the complex result mainly in the formation of 4-hydroxy-[alpha]-carotene, indicating that, under the conditions applied, only the [beta]-ionone end of the complex is reactive; ethanolysis gave the corresponding ethoxy derivative.
	etd.caltech.edu /etd/available/etd-10072004-100851 (287 words)

	Boron trichloride, BCl3, Physical properties, safety, MSDS, enthalpy, material compatibility, gas liquid equilibrium, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Boron trichloride, BCl3, Physical properties, safety, MSDS, enthalpy, material compatibility, gas liquid equilibrium, density, viscosity, flammability, transport properties
		Boron trichloride is largely used in semiconductor manufacturing.
		Boron atom is an p-type dopant for epitaxial silicon.
	www.airliquide.com /en/business/products/gases/gasdata/index.asp?GasID=63 (585 words)

	[No title]
		Steric Strains as a Factor in the Relative Stability of Some Etherates of Boron Fluoride.
		1950 A Convenient Synthesis of 2,-3- and 2,5-Lutiden., Cohen, Eleanor C. 1950 The Heat of Reaction of Boron Trifluoride with Several Amines.
		1960 The reactions of Lithium Hydride and Borohydride with Lewis Acids of Boron.
	www.chem.purdue.edu /hcbrown/Theses.htm (1655 words)

	BORON TRIFLUORIDE (ICSC)
		This substance may be hazardous to the environment; special attention should be given to water organisms.
		Boron trifluoride is soluble in cold water, 332 g/100 ml at 0°C. Depending on the degree of exposure, periodic medical examination is indicated.
		The symptoms of lung oedema often do not become manifest until a few hours have passed and they are aggravated by physical effort.
	www.inchem.org /documents/icsc/icsc/eics0231.htm (367 words)

	Boron Trifluoride (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In electronic applications, Boron Trifluoride is used for P-type diffusion in silicon and for ion implantation.
		Boron Trifluoride is also a source of B
		For price, packaging, delivery and other information, click here and tell us your name, company name, address and telephones, the application for the gas, and the purity level and volume desired.
	www.eastwestgases.com /gasspecs/borontrifluoride.htm (83 words)

	Material Safety Data Sheet BF3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Similar damage was noted in the heart and liver, and edema and hyperemia were seen in the kidneys, spleen and brain.
		CHRONIC EXPOSURE: BORON TRIFLUORIDE: Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause nasal dryness and bleeding and decreased pulmonary function.
		INGESTION: ACUTE EXPOSURE: BORON TRIFLUORIDE: Ingestion of a gas is unlikely.
	www.sse.uu.se /education/elektronik/msds/BF3msds.html (1157 words)

	BASF Corporation
		BASF to stock boron trifluoride diethyl ether complexes in the United States
		EVANS CITY, Pa., November 4, 2004 -- Beginning on December 1, 2004, BASF will inventory drums of boron trifluoride diethyl ether complex (BF3-etherate, or BF3-DEE) in the United States.
		For more information about BASF's boron trifluoride gas and our full range of boron trifluoride complexes, customers may contact Dr. Torgerson at (724) 538-1363, or visit BASF's website at http://www.basf.com/bf3.
	www.basf.com /corporate/110404_boron.htm (418 words)

	Home Page 2
		Crystal structure of boron trifluoride at -145 ° C.
		Molecular and crystal structure of chlorine trifluoride at -100 ° C.
		Ellern, A. M.; Sukhoverkhov, V. Solid phase-liquid equilibrium in chloride trifluoride-boron trifluoride and bromine trifluoride-boron trifluoride systems.
	www.cif.iastate.edu /X-Ray/Arkady/CV1.html (1712 words)

	BNL Compatibility Table (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		INCOMPATIBILITIES: Bromine pentafluoride, Bromine trifluoride, Chlorine, Chromium trioxide, Dioxygen difluoride, Dioxygenyl tetrafluoroborate, Iodine heptafluoride, Iodine pentafluoride, NC10
		INCOMPATIBILITIES: Acids (strong), Bromine trifluoride, Chlorosulfonic acid, Chromic acid, Chromium trioxide, Dinitrogen tetraoxide, Fluorine, Maleic anhydride, Nitric acid, Oleum, Oxidizing materials, Perchromates, B -Propiolactone, Silver perchlorate, Sulfuric acid, Trifluoromethyl hypofluorite.
		Selenium should be kept away from strong oxidizers such as fluorine, bromine, chlorine and strong acids.
	www.bnl.gov /esh/shsd/cms/Safety_Compatibility.htm (4363 words)

	NIOSH Publication Number 77-122: NIOSH Criteria Documents: Occupational Exposure to Boron Trifluoride \| CDC/NIOSH (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Occupational Exposure to Boron Trifluoride
		This Criteria Document is contained in four PDF files, for ease of handling.
		For the file-to-file bookmarks to work, the files must all be stored in the same folder or directory.
	www.cdc.gov /Niosh/77-122.html (199 words)

	Chem 250 - Advances in Pharmaceutical Research: From Lead Discovery to Drug Manufacturing - Spring 2003 - Caltech
		Fluorine Compounds, Inorganic, Boron Trifluoride Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 3rd edition 1980, v.10, p.685-693
		Fluorine Compounds, Inorganic, Boron Trifluoride Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 4th edition
		Boron Halides Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 6ht http://www.mrw.interscience.wiley.com/ueic/articles/a04_309/sect1-fs.html
	stoltz.caltech.edu /classes/ch250/delaneyref.html (487 words)

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