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Topic: Boshin War

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	Boshin War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-10)
		The Boshin War testifies to the advanced state of modernization already achieved by Japan barely fourteen years after its opening to the West, the already high involvement of Western nations (especially Great Britain and France) in the country's politics, and the rather turbulent installation of Imperial power.
		Various dramatizations of the war have been made in Japan, and elements of the conflict were incorporated into the 2003 American film The Last Samurai.
		The actual facts of the Boshin War clearly show that the conflict was actually quite violent: about 120,000 troops were mobilized altogether with roughly 3,500 known casualties.
	www.tocatch.info /en/Boshin_War.htm (5119 words)

	Military history of Japan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Boshin War (戊辰戦争 Boshin Sensō, literally "War of the Year of the Dragon") was fought in 1868-1869 between the Tokugawa Shogunate and the pro-Imperial forces in Japan.
		The Sino-Japanese War was fought against the forces of the Qing Dynasty of China in the Korean peninsula and the coast of China.
		The Japanese victory in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 was the second time in modern history in which a non-Western power defeated a Western one (the first being Ethiopia's defeat of Italy in the Italo-Abysssinian war of 1895-96).
	www.1der.com /index.php/Military_history_of_Japan (2531 words)

	Boshin War Photo Collection
		The Meiji Revolution, which took place in 1867, was soon followed by civil war against the army of the Tokugawa Shogunate.
		The Civil War continued through 1869 and this civil war is called the Boshin War (Boshin Sensou).
		The authors have visited almost all the known monuments of the war and lead you through history with pictures and detailed descriptions of the battles.
	www.hlj.com /product/SJO02967 (142 words)

	Boshin War - One Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-10)
		The Boshin War (戊辰戦争, 1868-1869; literally War of the Year of the Dragon) was fought between the Tokugawa Shogunate and the pro-Imperial forces in Japan.
		Events came to a head on January 3, 1868 when the emperor declared his own restoration to full power, and the war started seven days later when Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu declared the declaration "illegal" and attacked Kyoto, the seat of the emperor.
		Despite a 3:1 numerical advantage and training by French military advisors, the first significant battle near Toba and Fushimi led to a rout of the 15,000-strong shogunate forces, and Yoshinobu was forced to flee to Edo.
	www.onelang.com /encyclopedia/index.php/Boshin_War (313 words)

	Economic history of Japan - Wikipedia Mirror (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-10)
		By the time the Russo-Japanese War began in 1904, 65 % of employment and 38 % of the gross domestic product (GDP) was still based on agriculture, but modern industry had begun to expand substantially.
		During World War I, Japan used the absence of the war-torn European competitors on the world market to advance its economy, generating a trade surplus for the first time since the isolation in the Edo period.
		The Russo-Japanese War (1904-5), World War I (1914- 18), the Korean War (1950-53), and the Second Indochina War (1954-75) brought economic booms to Japan.
	www.wiki-mirror.be /index.php/Economic_history_of_Japan (3790 words)

	Terms
		The Boshin War - Saitou Hajime was separated from the main force in the third battle of the Aizu war.
		Saigo Takamori's uprising in the Seinan War - Katsura Kogoro, overworked, was frequently bedridden.
		In Japan, it was purchased in the domain of Echigo Nagaoka during the third battle of the Boshin War by the minister Kawai Tsugunosuke, and it became a grave threat to the government army.
	www.angelfire.com /anime3/ssrkshrine/Terms.htm (2037 words)

	Historic Battles
		War to 'capture' areas still under control of the Shogunate and to supress areas (such as Aizu) that were still supporting the Shogunate.
		This war is mentioned frequently throughout the series and is likely where Kaoru's father died.
		War against China supposedly fought to free Taiwan from Chinese influence and to modernize the island nation.
	www.sakabatouzanbatou.com /Battles.html (719 words)

	Untitled Document
		Served as a commander in the War of the Southwest.
		Active in military modernization in Tosa, officer in the imperial army during the Boshin War.
		A battalion commander during the War of the Southwest, died with Saigô at Shiroyama.
	www.history.emory.edu /RAVINA/Saigoglossary.html (2332 words)

	Meiji Restoration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-10)
		Shortly thereafter in January 1868, the Boshin War (War of the Year of the Dragon) started with the Battle of Toba Fushimi in which an army led by forces from Choshu and Satsuma defeated the ex-shogun's army and forced the Emperor to strip Yoshinobu of all power.
		The later years of 1467 to the end of the Muromachi period is also known as the Sengoku period, the "Warring States period", a time of intense internal warfare, and corresponds with the period of the first contacts with the West, with the arrival of Portuguese "Nanban" traders.
		Given a massive boost by the Korean War, in which it acted as a major supplier to the UN force, Japan's economy embarked on a prolonged period of extremely rapid growth, led by the manufacturing sectors.
	www.libraryoflibrary.com /E_n_c_p_d_Meiji_Restoration.html (7835 words)

	American Civil War
		The American Civil War (1861–1865) was a civil war between the United States of America, called the Union, and the Confederate States of America, formed by eleven Southern states that had declared their secession from the Union.
		The causes of the war, the reasons for the outcome, and even the name of the war itself, are subjects of much controversy, even today.
		In Congress, the end of the Mexican War was overshadowed by a fight over the Wilmot Proviso, a provision that Wilmot tried (and failed) to enact to bar slavery from all lands acquired in the conflict.
	www.tagate.com /wars/page/american.shtml (2005 words)

	History and Facts
		Its primary function was to commemorate the soldiers who died in the Boshin War which led to the Meiji Restoration.
		Presently the souls of about 2,5 million Japanese and former colonial (Taiwanese and Korean) soldiers who died in conflict since the Boshin War are enshrined in the memorial.
		In 1978 the souls of 14 class A WWII criminals were quitely enshrined in the memorial as martyrs of Showa.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /~petro20y/classweb/politics/yasukuni.htm (172 words)

	Meiji Restoration
		The Tokugawa bakufu came to an official end on November 9th, 1867 with the resignation of the 15th Tokugawa Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu and the "restoration" (Taisei Houkan) of imperial rule.
		Shortly thereafter in January 1868, the Boshin War[?] (War of the Year of the Dragon) started with the Battle of Toba Fushimi with the defeat of the old shogunate's army by the army of the new government, the armies of Choshu and Satsuma.
		The 16 month Boshin War ended in early 1869 with the siege of Hakodate, Hokkaido.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/me/Meiji_restoration.html (445 words)

	Memorial Details: The Yasukuni Shrine
		The war was fought mainly between an alliance of the British Commonwealth, France, the United States, the Soviet Union, and China—collectively known as the Allies; and the Axis Powers, an alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan.
		The war was significant in that it was the first war in which air power was a significant factor.
		The war also saw the re-emergence of the United States from its isolationism, the destruction and rebuilding of Germany and Japan into major industrial powers, and the emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as global superpowers.
	www.war-memorial.net /mem_det.asp?ID=26 (1317 words)

	Yasukuni Shrine by Mike Rogers
		Between 1868 and 1869, the Boshin War was fought in Japan between forces loyal to the Imperial family and a feudal military dictatorship known as the Tokugawa Shogunate.
		The power to grant clemency, to reduce sentences and to parole with respect to such prisoners may not be exercised except on the decision of the Government or Governments which imposed the sentence in each instance, and on recommendation of Japan.
		In the case of persons sentenced by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, such power may not be exercised except on the decision of a majority of the Governments represented on the Tribunal, and on the recommendation of Japan.
	www.lewrockwell.com /rogers/rogers188.html (2089 words)

	Yasukuni Shrine at AllExperts
		In regard to the Boshin War and South West War, dead from Tokugawa Shogunate (particularly from the Aizu prefecture) and Satsuma province are not enshrined because they are considered enemies of the emperor.
		One sufficient criterion for enshrinement for war dead is that a person should be listed as having died while on duty (including death from illness or disease) in the war dead registry of the Japanese government.
		Thirdly, the revelation clearly shifts the focus of the controversy to the enshrinement of class A war criminals, meaning that the issue of the separation between the state and the church is no longer the main focus.
	en.allexperts.com /e/y/ya/yasukuni_shrine.htm (4424 words)

	Japan History : World War I to World War II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-10)
		After the Boshin War of 1868, the shogun was forced to resign, and the emperor was restored to power.
		The war with China made Japan the world's first non-Western modern imperial power, and the one with Russia proved that a Western power could be defeated by a non-Western State, thus questioning the idea of European superiority prevailing in most countries dominated by Western powers.
		This declared that in the event either of the nations was at war with two or more countries, the other must declare war on those countries.
	japan.twinisles.com /history/h005.php (833 words)

	Katsura Taro - China-related Topics KA-KD - China-Related Topics
		He commenced his career by fighting under the Empire of JapanImperial banner in the Boshin Warcivil war of the Meiji Restoration, and he displayed such talent that he was twice sent at public expense to Germany (1870-1873 and 1884) to study Military strategystrategy and tactics.
		In 1886 he was appointed vice-minister of war, and in 1891 the command of division devolved on him.
		After holding war minister in 1898, he held the portfolio of war from 1898 to 1901, when he became Prime Minister of JapanPrime Minister and retained office for four and a half years, which was a record in Japan in that time.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Katsura_Taro (628 words)

	Yasukuni shrine
		It's a shrine to Japan's war dead, but when a government official, especially the prime minister, visits the shrine China objects along with other countries, since they interpret this as a refusal of Japan to acknowledge their atrocities in WWII (counting the invasion of China, starting in 1931, as part of the war.)
		If the war criminals were removed and enshrined elsewhere then the Japanese would probably feel that they had caved in to the protests of other Asian nations.
		Yet as long as the war criminals are interred at the shrine and as long as the government people visit there, then there will be protests from China and other countries.
	www.bookmice.net /darkchilde/japan/yasukuni.html (701 words)

	MI Magazine
		Assuming that the castle was aflame and that their lord was killed (whereas the castle was not on fire and Lord Matsudaira had taken refuge in a Buddhist temple), all but one of the Shichu Byakkotai committed seppuku, ritual suicide.
		In the ancient tradition, warriors whose lord was killed had to commit ritual suicide and follow their lord in death, or else live a life of dishonor.
		In the Second World War, the Byakkotai were touted by the Axis as one of the finest examples of militarism.
	www.mimagazine.com.au /Issue10_Oct/10_HistoryAizu.htm (1834 words)

	Yasukuni Shrine - Tokyo, Japan - Sacred Destinations
		The Yasukuni Shrine (Yasukuni Jinja; "peaceful nation shrine") is a Shinto shrine in Tokyo, Japan, built in 1869 to house the kami of Japanese war dead.
		The shrine was originally constructed in June 1869 by order of the Meiji Emperor to commemorate the victims of the Boshin War.
		After Japan's defeat in World War II in September 1945, the US-led Occupation Authorities ordered Yasukuni to either become a secular government institution, or a religious institution that is independent from the Japanese Government.
	www.sacred-destinations.com /japan/yasukuni-shrine-tokyo.htm (267 words)

	A historical time capsule - Mt.Kanaya
		In Boshin war that blew violently on the Meiji Restoration, the Takada han took lessons from the new government army side, and fought with the old government army, such as Aizu.
		In front of Iouji, the cemetery where the person killed in war of Satsuma, Choshu, and the soldiers in Takada were killed in war in Nagaoka and Aizu are deified is in the case of the Battle of Boshin.
		1742 soldiers of the Aizu han which lost the Boshin war were accommodated in Teramachi's temple as the body of penitence.
	www.nishi.jorne.ed.jp /en/area/kanaya-siseki.html (433 words)

	FAMOUS SHINSENGUMI MEMBERS
		After the group's defeat in the Boshin War and the death of Kondo, Hijikata joined Enomoto Takeaki, a former Bakufu Navy official.
		After the Boshin war, Okita went into a tuberculosis hospital in Edo.
		After the Boshin War, Harada joined the Shogitai and died in the Ueno War at the age of 29.
	www.geocities.com /kai4nihon/Shinsengumi/Shinsengumi03.html (1033 words)

	DETARVER \| Nakamura Hanjiro
		Then, he was awakened to "Sonno-jyoi" there by being concerned with the samurai of other clans.(The thought of "Sonno-jyoi" supports the Emperor and excludes a foreign country.) After that, he became the men of Saigo Takamori.
		After that, though he became the head of the army court, he came back to Satsuma with Saigo Takamori who was yielded in the Seikan dispute and who resigned government in 1876.
		Though he founded private school and worked for the union of shizoku of Saigo side and the education, he was defeated in the southwest war by the government army, and he died.
	www.detarver.com /samurai_masters/Nakamura_Hanjiro.html (272 words)

	History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-10)
		World War I enabled Japan, which fought on the side of the victorious Allies, to expand its influence in Asia, and its territorial holdings in the Pacific.
		The Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal was convened on May 3, 1946 to prosecute Japanese war crimes, including atrocities like the Nanking Massacre.
		The war cost millions of lives in Japan and other countries, especially in East Asia, and left much of the country's industries and infrastructure destroyed.
	zhs.pasco.k12.fl.us /STUDENTS/PROJECTS/JapanPeacock/History1.html (466 words)

	Yasukuni Shrine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A total of 12 convicted Class A war criminals ("crime against peace") are enshrined at Yasukuni, although 2 others died before a verdict could be achieved.
		On October 17, 1978, 14 accused of Class A war crimes (according to the judgment of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East), including Hideki Tojo, were quietly enshrined as "Martyrs of Shōwa" (昭和殉難者 Shōwa junnansha), ostensibly on the technicality that they were on the registry.
		They cite the fact that their names are all listed in official ministry of health list of war casualty which was compiled for the purpose of pension for family of war dead.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Yasukuni_shrine (5413 words)

	Boshin War
		This is a place where you can get a lot of information and facts about war.
		Boshin War Boshin Senso, literally "War of the Year of the Dragon") was fought in 1868-1869 between the Tokugawa Shogunate and the pro-Imperial forces in Japan.
		The emperor declared his own restoration to full power, and the war started seven days later when Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu declared the declaration "illegal" and attacked Kyoto, the seat of the emperor.
	www.tagate.com /wars/page/boshin.shtml (348 words)

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