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	Botocudo - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Botocudo (from Portuguese for botoque, a plug, in allusion, to the wooden disks or plugs worn in their lips and ears), is the foreign name for a tribe of South American Indians of eastern Brazil, also known as the Aimorés or Aimborés.
		The Botocudos were themselves greatly struck by the Chinese coolies, whom they met in Brazilian seaports, and whom they at once accepted as kinsmen, according to Bollard.
		The Botocudos were neolithic nomads and hunter-gatherers, wandering naked in the woods and living from the forest.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Botocudo (949 words)

	Botocudos - LoveToKnow 1911
		The Botocudos were themselves greatly struck by the Chinese coolies, whom they met in Brazilian seaports, and whom they at once accepted as kinsmen (Henri Hollard, De l'homme et des races humaines, Paris, 1853).
		The most conspicuous feature of the Botocudos is the ternbeitera, or wooden plug or disk which is worn in the lower lip and the lobe of the ear.
		211;: A. Keane, "On the Botocudos" in Journ.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Botocudos (870 words)

	BOTOCUDOS (from Port. ... - Online Information article about BOTOCUDOS (from Port. ...
		Botocudos cannot be traced much farther back than the writings of See also:
		language of the Botocudos is known, it would appear that they have no means of expressing the numerals higher than one.
		Keane, " On the Botocudos " in Journ.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /BOS_BRI/BOTOCUDOS_from_Port_botoque_a_p.html (1307 words)

	Botocudos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		O termo botocudos é a denominação dada pelos portugueses aos indígenas pertencente sa grupos de diversas filiações lingüísticas e regiões geográficas, uma vez que a maior parte usava botoques labiais e auriculares.
		botocudos derivado do uso que faziam de botoques, acessórios que na verdade eram peças arredondadas, as vezes até de grandes dimensões, que fixavam nos lóbulos das orelhas e nos lábios, conferindo-lhes aparência particularmente assustadora.
		Botocudo é nome citado na Enciclopédia Delta Universal como sendo «o nome de vários grupos indígenas brasileiros de línguas diferentes, pertencentes ao tronco Macro-Jê, que no século XVI habitavam as costas das capitanias hereditárias de Ilhéus e Porto Seguro, possivelmente vindos do interior.
	www.tiosam.com /enciclopedia/enciclopedia.php?title=Botocudos (1976 words)

	Século Diário - Etnias do ES
		O nome botocudo, como se sabe, deriva do uso, pelos membros da tribo de botoques (uma espécie de enfeite com a forma de um pires preso ao lábio inferior).
		Os botocudos (alguns davam a si mesmos o nome de "engerakmung") habitavam as costas brasileiras, e no período de seu máximo desenvolvimento, dominavam entre as latitudes sul de 13 graus a 23 graus.
		Outros estudiosos, em épocas posteriores não concordam em suas descrições sobre os botocudos, ora apresentados como fortes, ora como musculosos, ora como bem conformados, geralmente baixos, ora como possuidores de caixa toráxica larga e achatada na parte anterior, tronco alongado, mãos e pés pequenos, pernas finas e pescoço curto.
	www.seculodiario.com.br /etnias/indios/index03.htm (942 words)

	TRAVELS TO BRAZIL, 1820 (PRINCE MAXIMILIAN)
		Prince Maximilian writes on page 247: "They were of the tribe of the Patachos, none of whom I had ever yet seen, and had come down from the woods to the plantations but a few days before.
		Caption: A Family of Botocudos on a Journey.
		Their original countenances were farther disfigured by large pieces of wood which they wore in their lower lips and in their ears: the lip is thus made to project very much, and the ears of some of them hang like large wings down to their shoulders..." (Page 204)
	faculty.evansville.edu /ck6/bstud/brazil.html (585 words)

	~~OS AIMORÉS E OS BOTOCUDOS~~ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Os botocudos e os aimorés, segundo Simão de Vasconcelos, pertenciam ao ramo tapuia e seus dialetos apresentavam várias nuances fonéticas.
		Os botocudos falavam com os dentes cerrados, o que acarretava a dilatação das narinas, devido à insuficiência do ar aspirado pela boca, obrigando-os a emitir sons guturais, nasais e aspirados.
		Os botocudos tinham um amor fraternal acentuado e sentiam um amor paternal acentuado e sentiam prazer em tratar aos curumins com bondade e carinho.
	www.rosanevolpatto.trd.br /lendabotocudos.html (790 words)

	Schulers Books (THE DESCENT OF MAN - 42/165)
		The Esquimaux live exclusively on animal food; they are clothed in thick fur, and are exposed to intense cold and to prolonged darkness; yet they do not differ in any extreme degree from the inhabitants of Southern China, who live entirely on vegetable food, and are exposed almost naked to a hot, glaring climate.
		The unclothed Fuegians live on the marine productions of their inhospitable shores; the Botocudos of Brazil wander about the hot forests of the interior and live chiefly on vegetable productions; yet these tribes resemble each other so closely that the Fuegians on board the "Beagle" were mistaken by some Brazilians for Botocudos.
		The Botocudos again, as well as the other inhabitants of tropical America, are wholly different from the Negroes who inhabit the opposite shores of the Atlantic, are exposed to a nearly similar climate, and follow nearly the same habits of life.
	schulers.com /books/ch/d/THE_DESCENT_OF_MAN/THE_DESCENT_OF_MAN42.htm (1841 words)

	ÍNDIOS DO VALE DO ITAJAÍ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Estes índios eram os botocudos - do grupo tapuia e hoje conhecidos por Kaigangues - que do interior do Vale atacavam os moradores para matar ou roubar-lhes.
		Gabriel Soares de Souza, escritor da época afirma que os carijós viviam da caça e da pesca e sabiam muito bem manejar o arco e a flecha; e que moravam em casas cobertas e tapadas com cascas de árvores para se proteger do frio.
		Os botocudos, por sua vez, eram os mais temidos porque ariscos e defensores ferozes das suas terras.
	cifraantiga.v10.com.br /Itajai/indios.html (373 words)

	IV. Children’s Reading (II). Quiller-Couch, Sir Arthur. 1920. On the Art of Reading
		The Botocudos of South America are—according to Dr Paul Ehrenreich who has observed them 1 —an ungentlemanly tribe, ‘very low in the social scale.’
		The Botocudos are little better than a leaderless horde, and pay scant respect to their chieftain; they live only for their immediate bodily needs, and take small thought for the morrow, still less for the past.
		I bend over the learned page pensively, and I seem to see a Botocudo Professor—though not high ‘in the social scale,’ they may have such things—visiting Cambridge on the last night of the Lent races and reporting of its inhabitants as follows:
	www.bartleby.com /191/4.html (3844 words)

	Diamantina
		A seminary and diocesan college (recognized by a decree of the Federal Government, and modeled on the National Gymnasium of Rio de Janeiro) are directed by the Lazarists, and a college for girls, also in Diamantina, and directed by religious, are the principal educational institutions of the diocese.
		Premonstratensian missionaries in Montes Claros, and Franciscans in Theophilo Ottoni and Itambacury, are engaged in Christianizing the Indian tribes of Botocudos.
		About 7,000 have been converted along the Mucury River, and in the mountains of Aimores and forests of Itambacury.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/d/diamantina.html (512 words)

	Cannibalism in South America
		Before their conversion, it was the practice of the Cocomas of the Hualaga, but now removed to the Ucayali, to eat their dead relations, and to swallow the ground-up bones in fermented drinks, on the plea that it was better to be inside a warm friend than buried in the cold earth.
		Worse things are related of the Tupinambas, and of the Tapuyas, and of the Botocudos.
		Thanks to the eyewitness account provided by Hans Städen, a German sailor who was ship-wrecked on the coast of Brazil early in the sixteenth century, we have a vivid idea of how one group, the Tupinamba, combined ritual sacrifice with cannibalism.
	www.heretical.com /cannibal/samerica.html (1266 words)

	XIX. Secondary Sexual Characters Of Man Page 7
		The ears are everywhere pierced and similarly ornamented, and with the Botocudos and Lenguas of South America the hole is gradually so much enlarged that the lower edge touches the shoulder.
		In North and South America and in Africa either the upper or lower lip is pierced; and with the Botocudos the hole in the lower lip is so large that a disc of wood, four inches in diameter, is placed in it.
		Mantegazza gives a curious account of the shame felt by a South American native, and of the ridicule which he excited, when he sold his tembeta,--the large coloured piece of wood which is passed through the hole.
	www.web-books.com /Classics/Nonfiction/Science/Darwin_Man/Darwin_ManC21P7.htm (964 words)

	historia
		Os botocudos também se caracterizavam por sua bárbara violência.
		O botocudo é citado na Enciclopédia Delta Universal como sendo "o nome de vários grupos indígenas brasileiros de línguas diferentes, pertencentes ao tronco Macro-Jê, que no século XVI habitavam as costas das capitanias hereditárias de Ilhéus e Porto Seguro, possivelmente vindos do interior.
		Todos os narradores que acompanhavam as Entradas e as Bandeiras e tinham a desventura de encontrar os botocudos deixaram registradas a violência e a agressividade desses indígenas.
	www.pontenova.com.br /historia.html (593 words)

	KRENAK :: Enciclopédia :: Povos Indígenas no Brasil :: ISA
		O território original dos Botocudos era a Mata Atlântica no Baixo Recôncavo Baiano, tendo sido expulsos do litoral pelos Tupi, quando passaram a ocupar a faixa de floresta paralela, conhecida por Floresta Latifoliada Tropical Úmida da Encosta ou Mata Pluvial Tropical, localizada entre a Mata Atlântica e o rebordo do Planalto.
		A primeira Carta Régia determinava a guerra ofensiva aos Botocudos de Minas Gerais por considerar que os mesmos eram irredutíveis à civilização e que a guerra de caráter defensivo não surtia os efeitos desejados no tocante a garantir a expansão da conquista naquela capitania.
		Hoje o contingente demográfico dos Botocudos do Leste está reduzido a cento e oitenta pessoas, sendo, na sua maioria, composto de crianças e jovens descendentes de relações interétnicas entre os Krenák com outros grupos indígenas, como os Guarani e os Kaingang, e com a população regional.
	www.socioambiental.org /website/pib/portugues/quonqua/quonqua/epi/krenak/hist.shtm (488 words)

	Século Diário - Etnias do ES
		Ou foram abatidos pelos botocudos ou voltaram com baixas para seus lugares de origem.
		Marliére era um europeu querido dos índios, que se empenhou para evitar o massacre dos botocudos, durante os primeiros movimentos de guerra do conde de Linhares, Saint-Hilaire, outro humanista europeu, quando esteve no Rio Doce, apreciou o trabalho de Marliére com os índios e lhe deu um grande apoio.
		Esse comportamento era exatamente o oposto daqueles que anteriormente haviam se aproximado dos botocudos, com um espírito hostil que freqüentemente resultava em extermínio dos índios.
	www.seculodiario.com.br /etnias/indios/index05.htm (600 words)

	:: Cedefes - Centro de Documentação Eloy Ferreira da Silva ::
		Cidade mineira pode guardar genes de índios botocudos
		Grupo de pesquisadores levantam a história genética de Índios Botocudos
		Um grupo de brasileiros descobriu que os esforços dos portugueses na época colonial para exterminar os índios aimorés, ou botocudos, não foram tão bem-sucedidos. Ainda que os últimos da tribo tenham morrido na década de 1920, uma vila no vale do Jequitinhonha (MG) parece guardar os genes dessa nação indígena.
	www.cedefes.org.br /new/?conteudo=materias/index&secao=1&tema=51&materia=190 (696 words)

	Conceição do Mato Dentro
		It was in 1701 that a group of pioneers led by colonel Antônio Soares Ferreira, leaving of Sabará, it reached the area known as Ivituruí or I Saw Fine.
		The place was already inhabited by the Indians botocudos.
		The sertanistas Gaspar Soares, Manoel Corrêa of Paiva and Gabriel Ponce of Léon left of the Town of the Prince (current I Saw) proceeding heading for the south.
	www.viagensmaneiras.com /viagens/conceicaodomatodentroING.htm (1422 words)

	Schulers Books (THE DESCENT OF MAN - 31/165)
		Many nations, no doubt, have fallen away in civilisation, and some may have lapsed into utter barbarism, though on this latter head I have met with no evidence.
		The Fuegians were probably compelled by other conquering hordes to settle in their inhospitable country, and they may have become in consequence somewhat more degraded; but it would be difficult to prove that they have fallen much below the Botocudos, who inhabit the finest parts of Brazil.
		The evidence on the first head is extremely curious, but cannot be here given: I refer to such cases as that of the art of enumeration, which, as Mr.
	schulers.com /books/ch/d/THE_DESCENT_OF_MAN/THE_DESCENT_OF_MAN31.htm (1897 words)

	Revista Pesquisa Fapesp
		Família de botocudos: vítima de genocídio autorizado pelo rei
		"Uma vez mencionei em uma entrevista que os botocudos estavam extintos e os krenaks ficaram muito irritados", conta Sergio Danilo Pena, que liderou a pesquisa.
		O resgate dos botocudos ao qual Pena se dedica é derivado de um de seus trabalhos mais conhecidos, a constatação de que a população atual do Brasil, ao menos no que se refere às linhagens maternas, é uma das mais miscigenadas do mundo: 39% de contribuição européia, 33% índia e 28% africana.
	www.revistapesquisa.fapesp.br /?art=2649&bd=1&pg=1 (522 words)

	[No title]
		Evidence of sambaquis (huge shell mounds left by the coastal inhabitants who lived on shellfish collected from the water's edge) suggests that settled coastal communities lived here 5,000 years ago.
		When the Europeans arrived in the region, the indigenous inhabitants belonged to the Tupi or TupiGuarani, Puri, Botocudos and Maxacali linguistic groups.
		No Indian people in what is now Rio de Janeiro state survived the European incursions.
	www.discoversouthamerica.com /accommodations2.cfm/CatID/10619550 (879 words)

	CAFÉ ARANÃS - WEB SITE OFICIAL
		Os Aranãs, como todos os Botocudos, provieram do litoral baiano onde, em épocas imemoriais, travaram lutas com os Tupis.
		Partilhamos com Teófilo Otoni a crença em que os Aimorés, enfraquecidos na luta contra os sertanistas baianos, foram desde então perseguidos pelos Botocudos, através dos vales dos rios Doce, São Mateus, Mucuri e Jequitinhonha.
		O vocábulo assim formado condiz com a história dos Botocudos, que tomaram um rumo meridional ascendente a partir de Porto Seguro, pelos vales do Mucuri e Doce.
	www.cafearanas.com.br /o_termo_aranas.htm (317 words)

	botocudos BOTOCUDOS - LoveToKnow Article on BOTOCUDOS
		Conquista Os ndios botocudos foram dizimados pelos bandeirantes que desbravaram as terras da atual Vitria da Conquista.
		Chapter Bother itoi Bouk of B by Websters Dictionary 1913 Botocudos Botocudos n pl Pg botoque stopple So called because they wear a wooden plug in the pierced lower lip A Brazilian tribe of Indians noted for their use of poisons also called
		The Descent Of Man - Chapter XIX by Charles Darwin pierced and similarly ornamented, and with the Botocudos and Lenguas of South America the hole is gradually so much enlarged that the lower edge touches the shoulder.
	haustrum.host2.ranusa.com /1137434496.html (1332 words)

	Slavery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The former are the Australians, Tasmanians, Andamanese, Veddahs, Negritos, Kubus, Bushmen, African pigmy-tribes, Fuegians and Botocudos; the latter the American Indians, Arctic races, [170] Northern Asiatics, Caucasus tribes, hill-tribes of India, Negroes to the South of the Soudan, inhabitants of the Malay Archipelago and Oceanic Islands.
		It will be seen from the second Chapter of our first Part that all of them, with the exception perhaps of the Negritos, are unacquainted with slavery.[We may leave out of the question Zu Wied's uncertain statement about the Botocudos.
		Of the pigmy-tribes we do not know very much; but nowhere is it stated that any of them have slaves.] This conclusion, however, is not of much use to us, as we do not know whether they have been justly or unjustly classified under one catagory.
	www.ditext.com /nieboer/p2ch1.html (3629 words)

	W.I. Thomas: The Relation of Sex to Primitive Social Control (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		We can see this illustrated most plainly in the animal group, where the male is the leader, by virtue of his strength.
		The Botocudos, Fuegians, Eskimos, West Australians, Bushmen, and Veddahs represent this primitive stage more or less-completely; they have apparently not reached the stage where the fact of kinship expresses itself in maternal organization.
		They live in scattered bands, held together loosely by convenience, safety, and inertia, and the male is the leader, but the leadership of the male in this case, as among animals, is very different from the organized and institutional expression of the male force in systems of political control growing out of achievement.
	spartan.ac.brocku.ca /~lward/Thomas/Thomas_1898.html (6642 words)

	Brazil - Brazzil Magazine - The Birth and Passion of Brazil’s Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The paper was resolute, principally, in demonstrating to the Portuguese crown that, with the changes taking place in the world and the decline of absolutism, Brazil, which had been elevated to forming a united kingdom with Portugal and Algarve, would never go back to being a passive and exploited colony to be abandoned one day.
		He used it brilliantly, as in the example cited by the historian Isabel Lustosa in her book, “Insultos Impressos” — a commentary from the Correio in 1808 on a decree by the Portuguese government recently installed in Rio de Janeiro, which declared “war on the Botocudos” (an indigenous group).
		It was during the two years leading up to Brazilian independence that this irony, the perfection of his style, which never lost its composure or lacked truth, served, more than any other writing of the period to strengthen Brazil’s position vis-à-vis Portugal.
	www.brazzil.com /content/view/8860/51 (3813 words)

	Bothie, Bothnian, Bothnic, Bothrenchyma, Bothy, Botocudos, Botryogen, Botryoid, Botryoidal, Botryolite : Vocabulary : ...
		Bothie, Bothnian, Bothnic, Bothrenchyma, Bothy, Botocudos, Botryogen, Botryoid, Botryoidal, Botryolite : Vocabulary : Sanjeev.NET
		Bothrenchyma : Dotted or pitted ducts or vessels forming the pores seen in many kinds of wood.
		Botocudos : A Brazilian tribe of Indians, noted for their use of poisons; -- also called Aymbores.
	www.sanjeev.net /vocabulary/b/b-0419.html (153 words)

	Brazilian Civic Heraldry - MOGI DAS CRUZES
		The shield with the leather corselet shot by 3 arrows, on the red field, is a partial reproduction of the artistic historic drawing "Combate de índios botocudos com soldados milicianos de Mogi das Cruzes" that means "Natives of Botocudos tribe fights against soldiers of Mogi das Cruzes".
		On the top of the red shield, five escutcheons remind historical facts about Mogi das Cruzes ancient and contemporary life.
		The webmaster of this site is not responsible for commercial use of the material provided.
	www.ngw.nl /int/bra/mogi.htm (483 words)

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