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	Thomas Bowdler - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bowdler was born near Bath, the son of a gentleman of independent means, studied medicine at St.
		An example of the Bowdler's work can be seen in their version of Hamlet in which the death of Ophelia in Hamlet was euphemistically referred to as an accidental drowning rather than the deliberate suicide implied by Shakespeare.
		This expurgation was the subject of some criticism and ridicule, and although Bowdler was not the first to undertake such a project, it permanently associated his name with the process as a negative example.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Thomas_Bowdler (517 words)

	[No title]
		Bowdler was taking it upon himself to deem what was appropriate for people young and old to read when they read the great works of William Shakespeare.
		Bowdler takes out this bit of dialogue, he eliminates the distinguishing characteristics of the nurse and the differences between her (of the lower class) and Lady Capulet and Juliet of the upper class.
		Bowdler does not seem to recognized, as the rest of us do, that this is what things were like when Shakespeare wrote the play.
	www.english.ilstu.edu /Strickland/100/papers/embry.htm (1263 words)

	Thomas Bowdler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Thomas Bowdler (July 11 1754 - February 24 1825) an English physician has become (in)famous the editor of a children's edition of William Shakespeare the Family Shakespeare in which he "endeavoured to remove thing that could give just offence to religious and virtuous mind."
		His name lives on in the eponym bowdlerization (adjective bowdlerized) to describe the process of censorship arbitrary deletion of "objectionable" material from a of literature to "purify" it rather than the work outright.
		Bowdler was neither the first nor the to prepare such "pure" or "school" editions books.
	www.freeglossary.com /Thomas_Bowdler (603 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Dr.Bowdler's Legacy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In the US, the censorship appears primarily as "bowdlerization" in which the rougher edges of a written work are edited out to avoid offending sensitive readers or arousing witch hunters.
		The "Dr. Bowdler" of the title refers to the guiding light of a printed version of Shakespeare that was popular in the US in the 19th century.
		Bowdler and family produced this edited version for "family" consumption, since "raw" Shakespeare was deemed too raw for popular sensibilities, and for children in particular.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0874510643 (220 words)

	Free Press : Bleep: censoring Hollywood
		He promised that he had removed from Shakespeare’s works “everything that can raise a blush on the cheek of modesty.” Certainly, there was plenty of sexual innuendo, vulgar language, and stomach-churning violence to excise from Shakespeare.
		Bowdlerization is an impulse ever-present in the body politic.
		Let me suggest that beneath the rhetoric of family values and parental empowerment, there is nothing helpful to, or protective of, children in a system that encourages the bowdlerization of creative works.
	www.freepress.net /news/7795 (802 words)

	shakespeare censored
		This era saw the most infamous expurgation of Shakespeare to date: Thomas and Harriet Bowdler's Family Shakespeare, first published in 1818, which omitted "those words and expressions that cannot with propriety be read aloud in a family," so as not to "raise a blush to the cheeks of modesty" (Epstein 124-25).
		Another significant expurgation, apart from Bowdler's, was John Hows' (the first American expurgation) which removed the last two acts of Othello and cut Falstaff completely from Henry IV (Perrin 101-104).
		Perrin states that when a play was bowdlerized, the bowdlerization was often not even mentioned, ostensibly to "protect" the reader (111-13).
	ccwf.cc.utexas.edu /~govind/shakespeare (1906 words)

	Liberty cabbage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Liberty cabbage is a bowdlerization of the word "sauerkraut.
		In fact, French toast got its name during the WWI bowdlerizations.
		At other times, if the bear stood many cartridges, and though most of them were wasted occasionally a champing its bloody jaws, roaring with rage, and looking the very either charging or standing at bay.
	www.termsdefined.net /li/liberty-cabbage.html (267 words)

	Dear F2B - Nov 99 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Your idea to produce an edited version of the Bible is not as strange as it sounds.
		His version substituted _breast_ for _teat_, _in embryo_ for _in the belly_, _peculiar members_ for _stones_ (Leviticus XXI, 20), _smell_ for _stink_, _to nurse_ or _to nourish_ for _to give suck_, _lewdness_ for _fornication_, _lewd woman_ or _prostitute_ for _whore_, _to go astray_ for _to go a-whoring_ and _impurities_, _idolatries_ and _carnal connection_ for _whoredom_.
		He go rid of _womb_ by various circumlocutions, and expunged many verses altogether, as beyond the reach of effective bowdlerization.
	www.fadetoblack.com /dearf2b/1999/nov99/children.html (237 words)

	FAERIES
		Fairies are also spelled FAERIE or FAERY a mythical being of folklore and romance usually having magic powers and dwelling on earth in close relationship with humans.
		The common modern depiction of fairies in children's stories represents a bowdlerization of what was once a serious and even sinister folkloric tradition.
		The fairies of the past were feared as dangerous and powerful beings who were sometimes friendly to humans but could also be cruel or mischievous.
	www.angelfire.com /tx3/Jennifer1/faeries.html (284 words)

	Literary Terms and Definitions B (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		BOWDLERIZATION: A later editor's censorship of sexuality, profanity, and political sentiment of an earlier author's text.
		Other literary works frequently bowdlerized include Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels (1726), where later editors often remove the sections discussing how the protagonist saves the Lilliputian village by urinating on a fire and those discussing how the protagonist ends up hanging from the oversized nipples of a naked Brobdingnagian giantess.
		In the nineteenth century, "decorous" versions of the Bible were printed in which "improper" verses were removed from the text and placed in a separately published appendix.
	web.cn.edu /kwheeler/lit_terms_B.html (5735 words)

	Define Bowdlerization : powered by In Dictionary (InDicitonary.com) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Bowdlerizing.] [After Dr. Thomas Bowdler, an English physician, who published an expurgated edition of Shakespeare in 1818.] To expurgate, as a book, by omitting or modifying the parts considered offensive; to remove morally objectionable parts; -- said of literary texts.
		that a Bowdlerized version of it would be hardly intelligible as a tale.
		bowdlerization n 1: written material that has been bowdlerized [syn: bowdlerisation] 2: the act of deleting or modifying all passages considered to be indecent [syn: bowdlerisation]
	www.indictionary.com /define/Bowdlerization (341 words)

	Education after the culture wars
		Isaac Bashevis Singer's memoir was bowdlerized to remove any references to religion, which destroyed the sense of it.
		Although the fracas in New York brought attention to the common practice of bowdlerization, there is a danger that it will encourage test publishers to avoid literary passages in the future.
		For their part, teachers must free themselves from the expectation that whatever they teach must boost children's self-esteem, and that whatever students read should mean whatever they think it means in light of their own personal experience.
	www.catholiceducation.org /articles/education/ed0188.html (7888 words)

	save_earthsea - Community Info
		The immediate focus will be to gain support for a modest project to limit the damage done by this vicious and unacceptable bowdlerization, from the point of view of all antiracists, educators, writers, parents, librarians, and others entrusted with handing a legacy of antiracism and nonracism down to the next generations, however many will exist.
		Whilst the moderator deplores what she has heard of the artistic bowdlerization of the books, welcomes rants and analysis to this effect, and will have more to say on the topic after viewing the soon-to-be released DVD, the scope of the efforts that will be actively supported by this community is limited to antiracist work.
		The moderator takes the view that freedom of opinion is permitted as to the miniseries' artistic merits and the degree of adaptation one may expect in a film.
	www.livejournal.com /userinfo.bml?user=save_earthsea (814 words)

	VNN Editorial - Should Editorial Mistakes Be Held Sacred?
		By a fortunate coincidence, you'll find that those same scholarly notes point out an example of "bowdlerization" that helps us understand what the term properly means.
		To "bowdlerize" is not merely to edit but "to expurgate (a play, novel, or other written work) by removing or changing passages one considers vulgar or objectionable."
		Thomas Bowdler's Shakespeare-aparadha was not that he edited but that he expurgated.
	www.vnn.org /editorials/ET0301/ET31-7766.html (1080 words)

	GOPUSA - Mike Bayham
		The NAACP and other liberal organizations scored victories in the past decade by having the controversial banner removed from state capitol buildings in Alabama and South Carolina.
		The forces of heritage bowdlerization then turned their focus to Georgia and Mississippi, states that incorporate the most recognizable symbol of the late Confederacy into their own flags.
		Mississippi, a state with a large fl population, held a public vote on the matter to either keep the current flag or adopt a new state flag that substituted the battle emblem with a blue field with 20 white stars, signifying the order of the state's entrance into the Union.
	www.gopusa.com /commentary/mbayham/2003/mb_0512p.shtml (813 words)

	Censorship in Folklore
		With few exceptions, they bowdlerized or omitted any potentially offensive words and episodes.
		Whenever an original incident, so far as I could penetrate to it, seemed to me too crudely primitive for the children of the present day, I have had no scruples in modifying or mollifying it, drawing attention to such bowdlerization in the somewhat elaborate notes at the end of the volume.
		Not even the works of established and (for the most part) respected storytellers are safe from bowdlerization.
	www.pitt.edu /~dash/censor.html (1878 words)

	Theater \| (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Not with Brecht, however, and act one of this show reminds us what a brilliant collaboration that was.
		Unfortunately, there’s a whiff of bowdlerization and bounce where jaded sophistication might better serve.
		But the real issue, as Weill might have acknowledged, is the complete theater experience.
	www.bostonphoenix.com /boston/arts/theater/documents/02339078.htm (676 words)

	Film & TV: A Civil Action (Austin Chronicle . 01-11-99)
		But when Steven Zaillian's ambitious adaptation hits the in-flight movie circuit I'm not so sure it'll be the same kind of flyers' savior.
		The underlying problem is the mainstream film format's length constraints, which seem to have forced a rude bowdlerization of the story.
		What Harr's book has going for it is the power of accumulation ñ of details, facts, characterizations, whiplash story turnarounds, and prismatic shifts of understanding as new facts illuminate the old.
	weeklywire.com /ww/01-11-99/austin_screens_film.html (557 words)

	Thomas Bowdler - Art History Online Reference and Guide
		His large library was donated to the University of Wales, Lampeter.
		Bowdler was also quite a strong chess player for his day.
		Bowdler also played the great Philidor,[1] who was so much stronger than anyone else in the world that he gave odds.
	www.arthistoryclub.com /art_history/Bowdlerization (226 words)

	glbtq >> literature >> Jowett, Benjamin
		However, inasmuch as his translations bowdlerized Plato and obscured the homoerotic relationships in Greek literature, Jowett's contribution to the glbtq literary tradition is decidedly mixed.
		Jowett sought to establish Hellenistic studies as an attractive alternative to Christian theology and also to prevent his students from investigating too deeply matters of Greek love and glorifying a "Uranian" counterdiscourse of male homosexuality.
		Jowett proudly extolled Platonic studies--"Aristotle is dead, but Plato is alive"--but bowdlerized his translations in order to make Plato conform to Victorian mores.
	www.glbtq.com /literature/jowett_b.html (783 words)

	Davy Faa (Remember the Barley Straw) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It will be observed that the only parts of this song that are constant are the tinker and the seduction.
		No doubt various attempts at bowdlerization account for some of this, but there does seem to be some mixture involved as well.
		I suggest renaming this main entry; as far as I know, only in one version of the song (Jeannie Robertson's) is the man (or the song) named Davy Faa, while "The Barley Straw" or variants thereon seem relatively common.
	www.csufresno.edu /folklore/ballads/K188.html (290 words)

	Bowdlerization and Self-Censorship in Hardy and Other Victorian Fiction
		Bowdlerization and Self-Censorship in Hardy and Other Victorian Fiction
		Thus, aside from eliminating the mild oath "Good God!" Hardy was compelled to excise material vital to the reader's comprehending Matilda Johnson's desperation and John's motivation.
		Nemesvari cites many lesser instances of Bowdlerization that Hardy later reversed, although he does not mention another excision in Chapter 17: "The miller wishing to keep up his son's spirits, expressed his regret that, it being Sunday night, they could have no songs to make the evening cheerful.
	www.victorianweb.org /authors/hardy/pva150.html (643 words)

	Reference.com/Web Search/bowdlerize
		is best known as the source of the eponym bowdlerise (or bowdlerize [1]),...
		bowd·ler·ize (bod ' l?-riz ', boud ' -) tr.v.
		Lit expurgar el texto, censurar: this is a bowdlerized edition of the Arabian...
	www.reference.com /search?q=bowdlerize&db=web (162 words)

	National Coalition Against Censorship (NCAC) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The following are remarks made by Marjorie Heins at the National Press Club, April 18, 2005.
		Are children protected from harm by watching sanitized versions of history, artistically incoherent narratives, and films shorn of words and images that their parents, or the entrepreneurs seeking to sell these products to parents, find troubling or offensive?
		Censorship under the guise of child protection has traditionally been, and continues to be, a convenient excuse for not educating children - about media, critical thinking, and moral values.
	www.ncac.org /cen_news/cn98bleep.htm (704 words)

	Sobran Column -- Bowdlerizing C.S. Lewis
		the prevailing delicacy of the age inspired Dr. Thomas Bowdler and his sister to edit Shakespeare’s plays to make them suitable for “family reading.” All off-color jokes and sexual matter were removed.
		The word bowdlerize entered the language as a synonym for militant prudery.
		Today it appears that a new species of bowdlerization is afoot.
	www.sobran.com /columns/1999-2001/010619.shtml (704 words)

	Reagen Sulewski Forecasts the Weekend
		Now, given Gibson’s statements about the film’s extreme violence being largely the point of the film, attempting to depict the extreme nature of the events, it seems to me that he is deliberately weakening the proposed message of his film just to make some bucks.
		That of course, is up to Gibson, but self-bowdlerization is still bowdlerization.
		At any rate, the inherent popularity of the film ($370 million!) is likely to spur some business this weekend, although certainly not to the same degree, as re-releases rarely set the world on fire.
	www.boxofficeprophets.com /column/index.cfm?columnID=8853 (1135 words)

	Tess of the d'Urbervilles Essays - The Power of Hardy's Tess of the d'Urbervilles
		He provided this quote from St. Jerome somewhat defensively, in response to the criticism he received for Tess prior to this edition.
		Originally printed in serial form in two magazines, this novel underwent bowdlerization in order to be published.
		As a requirement of the publisher, Hardy changed scenes such as the baby's baptism, Tess's rape, and Alec's murder.
	www.123helpme.com /preview.asp?id=13355 (1544 words)

	CryoNet Queue and Archive Bowdlerization Option (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		But people viewing the messages in ordinary, graphical web browsers (which, by default, have JavaScript enabled) will not notice any difference.
		This technique of encoding entire messages, not just email addresses, creates an opportunity for bowdlerizing the display of CryoNet archive files without destroying any data (or confusing any of the CryoNet site's internal indices).
		Nevertheless, the anti-spambot / anti-search-engine-robot encoding provides an elegant solution for bowdlerizing search engine access to selected archive files, while retaining unmangled display for people accessing those files interactively at the CryoNet web site.
	www.cryonet.org /cgi-bin/dsp.cgi?msg=23652 (512 words)

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