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Traumatic brain injury - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with concussion (a shaking of the brain in response to sudden motion of the head), diffuse axonal injury, or coma. Types of focal brain injury include bruising of brain tissue called a contusion and intracranial hemorrhage or hematoma, heavy bleeding in the skull. Brain death is the lack of measurable brain function due to diffuse damage to the cerebral hemispheres and the brainstem, with loss of any integrated activity among distinct areas of the brain. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Brain_injury   (4165 words)

Neuropathology Mini-Course Contusions are preferentially found at the crest/base of the gyrus [pick one]. Contusions of the brain are often confined to the crests of the gyri. The majority of contusions occur on the orbital surface of the frontal lobes and at the frontal pole of the hemispheres and the tips of the temporal lobes. www.pathology.vcu.edu /WirSelfInst/trauma.html   (2051 words)

eMedicine - Brain, Contusion : Article by Denise Morales, MD   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10) Pathophysiology: Brain contusions commonly are identified in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and represent regions of primary neuronal and vascular injury. In an event in which the head is in motion, cortical injury occurs adjacent to the floor of the anterior or posterior cranial fossa, the sphenoid wing, the petrous ridge, the convexity of the skull, and the falx or tentorium. Gliding contusions are due to sagittal angular acceleration with abrupt stretching and tearing of the parasagittal veins, arachnoid membrane, and adjacent cerebrum. www.emedicine.com /radio/topic97.htm   (4621 words)

Traumatic Brain Injury: Hope Through Research   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10) A contusion is a distinct area of swollen brain tissue mixed with blood released from broken blood vessels. Unlike PVS, in which the upper portions of the brain are damaged and the lower portions are spared, locked-in syndrome is caused by damage to specific portions of the lower brain and brainstem with no damage to the upper brain. Scientists have long known that the immature brain is generally more plastic than the mature brain, and that the brains of children are better able to adapt and recover from injury than the brains of adults. users3.ev1.net /~drtony/TBIinfo.htm   (9467 words)

Traumatic Brain Injury - Types - neurologychannel   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10) A focal brain injury is confined to a specific area of the brain and causes localized damage that can often be detected with a CT scan or x-ray. A chronic subdural hematoma (SDH), or hygroma, is a focal brain injury characterized by an accumulation of blood or spinal fluid on the surface of the brain that exerts pressure on brain tissues. Extra fluid or clots in the brain (intercerebral clots) or the space between it and the skull (subdural or extradural clots) produce increased pressure, which can damage the brain in two ways: (1) by squeezing it against the skull or (2) by compressing its blood vessels to the point where circulation is impeded. www.neurologychannel.com /tbi/types.shtml   (949 words)

Larry King Law - Head Trauma Symptoms of a brain contusion include a loss of consciousness that lasts greater than 6 hours, nausea or vomiting, changes in vision, confusion, difficulty with speech and walking. The area that the bleeding occurs within the brain is dependent upon the trauma and structures involved. Accident victims with bleeding within the brain present with a variety of symptoms to include loss of consciousness, severe headache, nausea, vomiting, coma, changes in their pupils. www.larrykinglaw.com /headtrauma.htm   (867 words)

Head Injury: Hope Through Research, NIH Pub No. 84-2478   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10) Contusion, which is like a bruise of a portion of the brain. A contusion is a frequent result of severe head injury, occurring in almost 90 percent of cases. Although poorly understood, brain swelling is thought to be partly the result of dangerously increased blood flow to the brain. www.bgsm.edu /bgsm/surg-sci/ns/NIH84-2478.html   (7965 words)

Contusion of the Brain •Contusions are usually due to movement of the brain in the skull during the trauma. When the brain is stationary and hit by a moving object, only a coup lesion at the point of impact is seen. If the anterior part of the skull was smooth there would be no damage to the brain but the petrous temporal ridge and orbital frontal skull are ridged and irregular causing brain to be torn out as it moves across them causing the contracoup injury. pathweb.uchc.edu /eAtlas/CNS/873.htm   (447 words)

Thomas Jefferson University Hospital - Head Injury The injury can be as mild as a bump, bruise (contusion), or cut on the head, or can be moderate to severe in nature due to a concussion, deep cut or open wound, fractured skull bone(s), or from internal bleeding and damage to the brain. A head injury is a broad term that describes a vast array of injuries that occur to the scalp, skull, brain, and underlying tissue and blood vessels in the child's head. A contusion causes bleeding and swelling inside of the brain around the area where the head was struck. content.jeffersonhospital.org /content.asp?pageid=P01021   (1532 words)

The Writers Forensics Medical Lab - Jimsonweed   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10) The brain sits within the skull and is surrounded by several layers of membranes (sac-like structures) and fluid (cerebrospinal fluid). This lesion is typically a contusion (bruise) of the brain with or without bleeding into the brain itself (called an intracerebral bleed) or around the brain (called a subdural or subarachnoid bleed). In a fall or an auto accident, the brain is moving and when the skull strikes the ground or the dashboard, a “coup” injury might occur at the site of impact and a “contrecoup” injury might occur on the opposite side. www.dplylemd.com /Questions/archive/countrecoup.htm   (912 words)

eMedicine - Traumatic Brain Injury: Definition, Epidemiology, Pathophysiology : Article by Segun T Dawodu, MD, FAAPMR, ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10) Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a nondegenerative, noncongenital insult to the brain from an external mechanical force, possibly leading to permanent or temporary impairments of cognitive, physical, and psychosocial functions with an associated diminished or altered state of consciousness. Heightened metabolism in the injured brain is stimulated by an increase in circulating levels of catecholamines from TBI-induced stimulation of the sympathoadrenomedullary axis and serotonergic system with associated depression in glucose utilization, contributing to further brain injury. Brain herniation: Supratentorial herniation is attributable to direct mechanical compression by an accumulating mass or to increased intracranial pressure. www.emedicine.com /pmr/topic212.htm   (3701 words)

Minor traumatic intracranial dural hematomas (up to 50 cm3) of suptratentorial localization   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10) Thus, appearance of brain stem dislocation is dependent on the whole pathologic focus, consisting of hematoma, a contusion focus, a zone of perifocal edema, hemispheric/total brain edema and hydroma. DMS of the brain was insignificant (3-4 mm) in 13% of patients. MH was accompanied by focal contusions of the brain in 71% of patients. www.neuro.neva.ru /English/Issues/Articles_1_2002/grin.htm   (4451 words)

Brain Injury Lawyer Massachusetts - Parker Scheer LLP, Boston MA Attorneys Injuries to the brain commonly occur as a result of car accidents, motorcycle accidents, bicycle accidents, and falls. While the seriousness of many brain injuries are often apparent upon gross examination, “closed head injuries”, which can range in seriousness from minor concussions to life threatening brain injury, may be less obvious and may go undiagnosed for long periods of time. BRAIN CONTUSION: A strong blow to the head may be sufficient to cause bruising to the brain sufficient to cause swelling, and may lead to fluid or blood collection sufficient to raise intracranial pressure. www.parkerscheer.com /head_injury_lawyer.html   (368 words)

Team projects on www for Neuropsychology   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10) Brain Lesions, Medications and it's Side Effects by Adel Olvera Neuropsychology Traumatic Brain Injury Traumatic Brain Injury, TBI, can be fatal if the injury is ignored and treatment is evaded. Some examples of the different types of brain injuries are skull fracture with and without concussion, contusion, hemorrhage, laceration to the brain and many different types of intracranial injury resulting from blows to the head. Indicators of mild brain injury are: feeling stunned or dazed, drowsy or indifferent, disoriented or having trouble with complex commands, and complaints of headache, nausea or vomit (Silver, et al, 1994). www.humboldt.edu /~morgan/meds.htm   (1349 words)

[No title] She was given the diagnosis of severe concussion of the brain. Our objectives are to establish a research program outline specific policies, geared toward the unique challenges of the Contusio Cerebri patient and his or her environment provide information and support to unconscious victims of (traffic) accidents with brain contusions and their next of kin, particularly in the acute phase'. Victims (of traffic accidents) with brain contusions require appropriate treatment quickly, and must therefore be steered towards the proper channels. www.hersenkneuzing.nl /content/downloads/CCFbrochureUKsite.doc   (1235 words)

Brain Injury Glossary C Increases carbon dioxide levels have been shown to increase swelling in the brain and the TBI patient must be "hyperventilated" (maintained with purposely decreased levels of CO2) to prevent brain swelling. The brain substance is pushed aside and compressed by the presence of a brain tumor, aneurysm, swelling or hematoma. When the blood supply is reduced below a critical level to a specific region of the brain and the brain tissue in that region dies. www.waiting.com /glossaryc.html   (1264 words)

Traumatic head injury/traumatic brain injury (TBI)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10) A brain contusion (bruise) is a disturbance of the brain following an injury in which there have been multi-focal capillary haemorrhages, vascular engorgement and oedema. The tentorium cerebelli is a fold in the dura mater separating the cerebral hemispheres from the cerebellum and the brainstem. The former is due to fracture of the frontal bone with tearing of the dura mater and cortex. www.psychol.ucl.ac.uk /sophie.scott/lecture_4.html   (3740 words)

Dissertations from Karolinska Institutet - Published by Karolinska Institutet Karolinska Institutet - ki.se   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10) Trauma to the brain is a leading cause of death and disability. The primary injury initiates a cascade of biochemical reactions in the brain that causes further neuronal damage, a process referred to as secondary brain injury. Brain biopsies from patients undergoing surgery for cerebral contusions were examined. diss.kib.ki.se /2005/91-7140-392-2   (549 words)

AccessAbility SIG Traumatic Brain Injury   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10) Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a nondegenerative, noncongenital abuse to the brain from an external mechanical force. Sufferers may experience head injury, brain injury, head trauma, brain concussion, brain contusion, subdural hematoma, epidural hematoma, skull fractures, subarachnoid hemorrhage, or intracerebral hemorrhage. The Brain Attack Coalition, (six organizations—American Heart, National Stroke, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, American Academy of Neurology, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, and the Stroke Belt Consortium). www.stcsig.org /sn/brain.shtml   (810 words)

Head Injuries: What to Watch for Afterward -- familydoctor.org   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10) A concussion is a jarring injury to the brain. A brain contusion is a bruise of the brain. A hematoma is bleeding in the brain that collects and clots, forming a bump. familydoctor.org /x4958.xml   (735 words)

Seizure Risk Tied To Brain Injury Severity NEW YORK (Reuters) -- Researchers have found that the risk of seizures after a traumatic brain injury increases with the severity of the injury. They say the risk of later seizures "fell rapidly but persisted throughout the follow-up period in our study." They note that a greater risk of seizures persisted for at least 25 years in people whose injuries included brain contusion and subdural hematoma. Annegers and his colleagues also note that the risk of seizures even after mild brain injury (defined as loss of consciousness or amnesia for 30 minutes after the injury) was 1.5 times that of the general population and it continued to be that much higher for five years. www.personalmd.com /news/a1998010102.shtml   (176 words)

NEJM -- A Population-Based Study of Seizures after Traumatic Brain Injuries brain injury, but the extent and duration of the increase in the characteristics of brain injuries that are associated with Chang, B. S., Lowenstein, D. Practice parameter: Antiepileptic drug prophylaxis in severe traumatic brain injury: Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. content.nejm.org /cgi/content/abstract/338/1/20   (769 words)

Brain Injury Attorney - Traumatic Brain Injury - About Anoxia / Asphyxia Anoxia, or Asphyxia is a condition of severely deficient supply of oxygen to the body. Prolonged asphyxia can result in brain damage even when it does not cause death. Brain injury attorney for a Hypoxic Brain Injury www.weitzlux.com /traumaticbraininjuryattorney_2428.html   (355 words)

Re: Can you get a contusion somewhere else besides the brain? "A surface bruise of the brain, or contusion, consists of varying degrees of petechial hemorrhage, edema, and tissue destruction. Contusions and deeper hemorrhages result from mechanical forces that displace the hemispheres forcefully relative to the skull by deceleration of the brain against the inner skull, either under a point of impact (coup lesion) or, as the brain swings back, in the antipolar area (contrecoup lesion). A contusion specifically refers to a brain bruise. www.madsci.org /posts/archives/2001-10/1003185566.Me.r.html   (119 words)

Curriculum Vitae Synaptic Remoldeling in Male Rats with Contusion Injury to the Frontal Cortex. The Behavioral and Anatomical Effects of Contusion Injury to the Medial Frontal Cortex in Rats. Brain damage, sex hormones and recovery: a new role for progesterone and estrogen. www.med.emory.edu /faculty/profile_cv.cfm?id=303   (4096 words)

ICD-9 Codes   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10) CEREBELLAR OR BRAIN STEM CONTUSION WITH OPEN INTRACRANIAL WOUND WITH STATE OF CONSCIOUSNESS UNSPECIFIED CEREBELLAR OR BRAIN STEM CONTUSION WITH OPEN INTRACRANIAL WOUND WITH LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS OF UNSPECIFIED DURATION CEREBELLAR OR BRAIN STEM LACERATION WITH OPEN INTRACRANIAL WOUND WITH STATE OF CONSCIOUSNESS UNSPECIFIED www.cms.hhs.gov /mcd/range_list.asp?lmrp_id=6414&lmrp_version=8&type=IS&start=851.00&end=851.99&group=1   (1355 words)

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