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	Brain to body mass ratio - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Brain to body mass ratio (also known as the Encephalization Quotient - EQ) is a rough estimate of the possible intelligence of an organism.
		Roughly speaking, the larger an organism is, the more brain mass is required for housekeeping tasks, such as breathing, thermoregulation, senses, motor skill, etc. The larger the brain is relative to the body, the more brain mass might be available for more complex cognitive tasks.
		Dolphins have the highest brain to body mass ratio of all cetaceans.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Brain_to_body_mass_ratio (372 words)

	Homo floresiensis - ვიკიპედია
		Mass is generally considered more biophysically significant than a one-dimensional measure of length, and by that measure, due to effects of scaling, differences are even greater.
		Nonetheless, the brain to body mass ratio of H.
		floresiensis (with body mass increased by a factor of 2.6).
	ka.wikipedia.org /wiki/Homo_floresiensis (1628 words)

	Brain to body mass ratio - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Brain to body mass ratio (also known as the Encephalisation Quotient) is a method to quickly get a rough estimate of the possible intelligence of an organism.
		Roughly speaking, the larger an organism is, the more brain mass is required for housekeeping tasks, such as breathing, temperature control, senses, muscle control, etc. The larger the brain is relative to the body, the more brain mass might be available for more complex cognitive tasks.
		Rather than simply dividing brain mass by body mass, some divide brain mass by the ⅔ power of body mass (in other words, divide brain mass by body surface area) or the ¾ power of body mass — whatever it takes to get humans even closer to the top of the list.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Brain_to_body_mass_ratio (397 words)

	Body Mass -- Recommendations and Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The body mass index (BMI) is a calculated number, used to compare and analyse the health effects of weight on human bodies of all heights.
		This is false: the ratio is dissimilar (and generally considered irrelevant), it is the EQ that is similar, and relevant, and discussed with interest on the talk page.
		Encephalization Quotient (or Encephalisation Quotient) is ''not'' "brain to
	www.becomingapediatrician.com /health/20/body-mass.html (1391 words)

	Brain size (Steve Harris)
		A 20 gram warm blooded animal (bat, parakeet) has a brain which is (1/3,000)^2/3 =~ 1/200th the size of a 60,000 g animal (eg, humans), which means that its brain/body ratio is 3000/200 = 15 times better.
		Since humans are only about 7 or 8 times larger brained than other mammals of our general size, that gives birds and bats a 15:1 brain/body ratio over "standard" 60 kg mammals, and a 2:1 brain/body ratio advantage over humans, just from metabolism considerations.
		The problem with Gould is one of honesty: Gould says that brain size flatly has nothing to do with intelligence in humans, when he surely must know (since he references one of them) that the best studies finds a minor positive correlation, even adjusted for body mass.
	yarchive.net /med/brain_size.html (740 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		A sharks brain to body mass ratio is higher than most other fish and is comparable to many other vertebrates, including some mammals.
		Brain size and complexity vary from shark species to species.
		The sharks with the largest brain to body weight ratio are active sharks like the dusky shark and the scalloped hammerheads.
	www.sharkfriends.com /info3.html (466 words)

	Cosmic Evolution - Epoch 7 - Cultural Evolution
		Apparently, the brain can be so tiny that its function is much impaired, meaning that a minimum brain volume is likely needed for “adequate” human intelligence as we know it.
		The human brain is about as big as the genes can currently make it and still be safely delivered during childbirth—3 or 4 times bigger, relative to body weight, than the brains of our closest relatives, the great apes.
		The systematically different ratios of Figure 7.13 virtually prove that the evolution of mammals from reptiles ~200 million years ago was accompanied by a major increase in relative brain size and intelligence.
	tufts.edu /as/wright_center/cosmic_evolution/docs/text/text_cult_3.html (1873 words)

	Paleoanthropology: Bone Sizes Trace the Decline of Man (and Woman)
		To check their results, Ruff and colleagues used a second method for estimating body mass based on stature, which they gauged from the length of limb bones, and on the breadth of the pelvis, as measured (or estimated) between the two widest points of the flaring iliac bones.
		Their brains were also larger than ours in absolute terms, but their ratio of brain size to body mass was about 10% lower.
		Body and brain size reflect the different ways our ancestors adapted to their environments--suggesting that "they were behaving differently than us," says Kappelman.
	pubpages.unh.edu /~jel/512/allometry.html (1167 words)

	Sex differences - brain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Several factors that could be related to this finding were explored including alcohol use, differences in body mass and the encephalization quotient ("the ratio of actual brain size to expected brain size").
		Body mass did not account for the sex difference in the Danish study; in fact, I'm not sure that neuronal number was correlated to any great extent with body mass (but I forget; I'll have to go check for the details).
		The brain size to body mass ratio has been alluded as being an important determinant of intelligence.Hence rats may be smarter than horses.
	faculty.frostburg.edu /psyc/southerly/tips/sexbrain.htm (2266 words)

	Scientific American: Rambling Road to Humanity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Intelligence seems to have less to do with brain size per se than with the brain's proportion to the body it must care for and control (and even that link is rather tenuous).
		Body size peaked about 50,000 years ago: Neanderthals were muscular brutes who weighed upwards of a quarter more than modern humans.
		Past estimates of the body masses of human ancestors have sometimes disagreed by as much as 50 percent.
	www.sciam.com /print_version.cfm?articleID=000D2A6C-6CCB-1C76-9B81809EC588EF21 (909 words)

	Human - Iridis Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Although body size is highly heritable, it is also significantly influenced by environmental and cultural factors such as diet.
		Humans have the highest brain to body mass ratio of all large animals (Dolphins have the second highest; sharks have the highest for a fish; and octopuses have the highest for an invertebrate).
		While this is not an absolute measure (inasmuch as a minimum brain mass is necessary for certain "housekeeping" functions), the brain to body mass ratio does give a good indication of relative intelligence.
	www.iridis.com /Human (4454 words)

	Human - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Curiosity and observation have led to a variety of explanations for consciousness and the the relation between mind and body.
		Humans have the second highest brain-to-body-mass ratio or encephalization quotient (EQ) of all animals, with the tree shrew having the highest [10] (http://www.hindustantimes.com/news/181_935198,00300006.htm) and the bottlenose dolphin very similar to humans.
		As of 2005, no other celestial body has been visited by human beings, although there has been a continuous human presence in space since the launch of the initial crew to inhabit the International Space Station, on October 31, 2000.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Human (6126 words)

	[No title]
		Of all the animals on Earth at present, the animal with the greatest brain/body mass ratio is the human being.
		The two highest ratios in the animal kingdom are the human and the dolphin (by comparison, the wolf, a very intelligent canine, has a ratio of about 1:.00156).
		If the body is exerting itself, it needs more oxygen to keep the muscles functioning; the lungs automatically begin working faster and inhaling deeper to increase the amount of oxygen and the heart speeds up to deliver more fresh blood and thus more oxygen to the muscles.
	www.wsu.edu:8080 /~taflinge/mindwork/mawint1.html (988 words)

	ROBOTECH: Invid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Their brain to body mass ratio is only slightly smaller than that of humans, and they appear to be fully sentient and intelligent.
		This caste has the highest brain to body mass ratio of all normal Invid (at adolescence, of course - the ratio goes down as the sub-queen is impregnated.
		The brain mass increases, oddly enough, but the body mass' growth far outpaces it), but her intellectual and leadership role after she has been impregnated is unknown, as it appears that the Hive Brain is responsible for the more mundane functions of the hive.
	www.artemisgames.com /robotech/Essay/invid.html (2113 words)

	The Dragons of Eden - A Comprehensive Book Review and Summary
		Sagan contends that brain mass is only related to intelligence when the mass of the brain is less than one kilogram.
		Evolution of brain structure could only be accomplished "by the addition of new systems on top of old ones." Crucial to survival, each of the pre-existing systems would have to be preserved for any successful advancement to be made.
		Likewise, it may be possible to accurately impair those components of the brain "that may be responsible for some of the perils and contradictions facing mankind." The Dragons of Eden is simply one of the best books I have ever read, scientific or otherwise.
	www.scinet.cc /articles/doe/dragonsofeden.html (2009 words)

	Embarking on the brain quest : HindustanTimes.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The brain, however, is merely a lump of flesh that strictly obeys the natural laws.
		When comparing different animal brains, one is struck by the tremendous expansion of these lobes, relative to the rest of the brain, in humans.
		Much of the brain in other animals is devoted to immediate sensory processing or motor coordination, while humans, with the help of their massive frontal lobes, can plan elaborate schemes, imagine great plays and deduce scientific laws.
	www.hindustantimes.com /news/181_935198,00300006.htm (1364 words)

	Man
		Neanderthals actually had a larger brain size than modern man but they also had a larger body size and the brain size to body mass ratio was smaller.
		It is believed that brain size reached a maximum 50,000 years ago and have shrunk 10% since.
		Data about the body size is difficult since complete skeletons are not available and therefore the size of the head of the femur(thigh bone) is used as a indication of body size.
	www-classes.usc.edu /engr/ms/125/MDA125/man_files/slide0010.htm (270 words)

	Humor
		Dinosaurs had huge bodies with small brains and are grouped down with the stupid lizard-brains (no neo-cortex).
		But if mass goes as length cubed, this suggests Lucy had FOUR TIMES the brain-to-body mass ratio of Homo Sapiens.
		Ratio of the summed up IQ of Gaia to that of Mankind is therefore at least about ten thousand to one.
	webpages.charter.net /missingoctave/Humor.htm (2037 words)

	ScienceWeek
		Underlying the cortex are masses of axons, which, being mainly myelinated, look white in contrast to the "grey matter" of the cortex.
		Yet another role of the hypothalamus is to act with other parts of the brain in controlling sleep and wakefulness, and in producing some of the physical changes in the body that are normally associated with emotions such as fear, anger or pleasure.
		In primates, for example, the brains of apes are generally larger relative to body weight than the brains of monkeys, whereas the brains of monkeys are larger than those of prosimians (2).
	scienceweek.com /2004/sb040618-1.htm (2108 words)

	Magnitude and variation of ratio of total body potassium to fat-free mass: a cellular level modeling study -- Wang et ...
		Body mass is composed of three compartments on the cellular level: cells, extracellular fluid (ECF), and extracellular solids
		is caused by a rapid decrease in the ratio of ECW to ICW.
		Fraction of carbon-free body mass as oxygen is a constant body composition ratio in men.
	ajpendo.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/281/1/E1 (3880 words)

	The brain/body size ratio and intelligence - Stormfront White Nationalist Community (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The brain/body size argument falls apart when it is understood that it is key regions of the brain that are responsible for body function, not the crerbral cortex.
		EQ is the ratio of the brain weight of the animal to the brain weight of a "typical" animal of the same body weight.
		Birds and mammals have brains that are about 10 times bigger than those of bony fish, amphibians, and reptiles of the same body size.
	www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?t=162884 (1672 words)

	Reasons To Believe: Facts For Faith Issue 7, 2001
		Since her soul is not to be identified with any part of the brain or with any particular mental experience, then it may be able to survive the destruction of the body.
		Mom is aware that she is unextended (“fully present” at each location in her body, as Augustine claimed), that she is not a complex aggregate of separable parts, nor is she the sort of thing that can be composed of physical parts.
		In extreme cases (multiple personalities and split brains), she may be fragmented in her functioning or incapable of consciously and simultaneously attending to all of her mental states, but the various personalities and mental states are still all hers.
	www.reasons.org /resources/fff/2001issue07/index.shtml#creedal (18155 words)

	The Hobbit's Brain. The Loom: A blog about life, past and future
		The brains of human pygmies are indistinguishable from those of taller humans, both in size and shape.
		For any given weight, a human's brain is a higher percentage of his or her body weight than an ape's brain.
		Yet their brains were mosaics, sharing features with us and with other hominids, and also had features of their own.
	loom.corante.com /archives/2005/03/03/the_hobbits_brain.php (3648 words)

	Evolution and Skin Color - Stormfront White Nationalist Community (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Brain development occurs in childhood, whereas pigment creation is an ongoing process.
		As far as the tiny little jews who won the big prize, the pay off of big brains comes from the ratio of brain mass to body mass.
		Killer whales and dollphines have bigger brains then humans, but only the human has the lager brain to body mass ratio.
	www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?t=61797 (1676 words)

	Thesis #7: Humans are best adapted to band life. » The Anthropik Network
		All primates have brain-to-body mass ratios that are much higher than normal, but the human ratio is remarkable even among primates.
		According to a study from the University of Liverpool, that disproportionately high brain-to-body mass ratio is determined by the size and complexity of their social groups.
		It seems that it was precisely that complexity that drove the growth of the primate brain.
	anthropik.com /2005/09/thesis-7-humans-are-best-adapted-to-band-life (8970 words)

	Evolutionblog: *Homo floresiensis*
		In addition to a small body size, H. floresiensis had a remarkably small brain.
		The brain is reduced considerably relative to this species' presumed immediate ancestor H. erectus, which at 980 cm³ (60 in³) had more than double the brain volume of its descendant species.
		Nonetheless, the brain to body mass ratio of H. floresiensis is comparable to that of H. erectus, indicating the species were unlikely to differ in intelligence.
	evolutionblog.blogspot.com /2004/11/homo-floresiensis.html (266 words)

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