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	Brazilian Navy
		The Brazilian jack is known as the Cruzeiro flag: 21 white stars on a dark blue field - a horizontal row of 13 and a vertical column of 9, orthogonally displayed (therefore with one star in common, so that total is 13+9-1=21).
		The "General Ordinance for Brazilian Navy Flags," approved by Decree of 6 February 1942, describes the "command pennant" as having as many white stars as the states of Brazil, the stars covering half the length of the pennant.
		The parade standard of the Brazilian Navy, mentioned but not described in the Navy Ceremonial Manual, is silver-gray with the Navy badge on the center, a navy blue roundel with an upright anchor and the name of the service in gold, all surrounded by a gold rope and ensigned with a naval crown.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/br~^.html (667 words)

	Brazilian Navy
		The Brazilian Navy after its independence form Portugal was small.
		In 1860 the fleet consisted on 7 screw sloops and 8 paddle steamers and a sailing fleet of 6 frigates and corvettes and 14 smaller vessels.
		Brazilian battleship Minas Geraes, launched in September 1908 and sold in 1953.
	www.battleships-cruisers.co.uk /brazilian_navy.htm (958 words)

	Brazilian Navy
		The Brazilian jack is known as the Cruzeiro flag: 21 white stars on a dark blue field - a horizontal row of 13 and a vertical column of 9, orthogonally displayed (therefore with one star in common, so that total is 13+9-1=21).
		The "General Ordinance for Brazilian Navy Flags," approved by Decree of 6 February 1942, describes the "command pennant" as having as many white stars as the states of Brazil, the stars covering half the length of the pennant.
		The parade standard of the Brazilian Navy, mentioned but not described in the Navy Ceremonial Manual, is silver-gray with the Navy badge on the center, a navy blue roundel with an upright anchor and the name of the service in gold, all surrounded by a gold rope and ensigned with a naval crown.
	www.hampshireflag.co.uk /world-flags/allflags/br~^.html (667 words)

	Brazilian Navy - About Navy of Brazil
		The navy is the most aristocratic and conservative of the services and draws a larger share of its officers from the upper middle class and upper class.
		In 1994 Mário César Flores, a former minister of navy, declared in an interview that the navy would be hard-pressed to defend the Minas Gerais in a conflict.
		After years of intense rivalry between the navy and the air force for the control of naval aviation, President Castelo Branco decreed in 1965 that only the air force would be allowed to operate fixed-wing aircraft and that the navy would be responsible for helicopters.
	www.floridabrasil.com /brazil/about-Brazil-National-Security-Navy.htm (563 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Niteroi class frigate (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Niterói class frigates are a class of warships of the Brazilian Navy
		Brazilian Navy Jack The Brazilian Navy (Portuguese: Marinha do Brasil) serves the Federative Republic of Brazil is the largest navy in Latin America, having a 27,307 ton aircraft carrier, the NAeL SÃ£o Paulo (former FS Foch of the French Navy), some American and British built frigates, a few...
		The Type 21 frigate or Amazon class frigate was a Royal Navy general-purpose escort designed in the late 1960s, built in the 1970s and that served throughout the 1980s into the 1990s.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Niteroi-class-frigate (690 words)

	Trindade UFO Sighting (Brazil - 1958)
		I personally do not believe that anyone has told the Brazilian Navy to keep quiet about it because there has been no hint of such suppression in either Brazilian or U.S. circles; and also because I doubt their control of the individual officers and men is good enough to hold the line.
		The Brazilian Navy Ministry vouched today for the authenticity of the photographs of a "flying saucer" taken recently aboard the Navy survey ship, Almirante Saldanha.
		Navy Minister Adm. _____ said after meeting with President Kubichek in the summer presidential palace at Petropolis, that he also vouched personally for the authenticity of the pictures.
	www.cohenufo.org /Trindade_Hynek.html (1536 words)

	Mercopress
		Two weeks ago former Brazilian president Jose Sarney (1985/90) revealed on the same program that in 1986 he was informed that the Armed Forces had deep drilled in the north of the country with the purpose of testing an underground nuclear explosive.
		Nationalist sectors of the Brazilian Armed Forces had the entire project under strict secrecy and it was not easy to dismantle it, since over fifty different teams of scientists and experts were involved, all working independently.
		Apparently Brazilian intelligence services were aware of what the Brazilian Navy was up to, but the Sarney administration was too involved in restoring democracy and civilian control to a country which had experienced 21 years of military rule (1964/85).
	www.mercopress.com /Detalle.asp?NUM=6356 (654 words)

	THE UAO SIGHTINGS AT TRINDADE
		And when the Navy tried to stop the publication at any cost, the President—who had not asked for the Navy’s advice on the subject—said that his decision, right or wrong, was final.
		Considering that the official statement released from the Navy Minister’s Office recognizes that photos of the strange object were taken ‘in the presence of members from the crew of the NE "Almirante Saldanha" ‘—it is asked if an investigation was made, and if the reports from the Navy officers and sailors involved were registered.
		However, after the Navy official release on the matter, and after the interview given by other members of his group, he felt that the silence he had imposed on himself was not justified anymore.
	www.nicap.org /fontesarticle.htm (14344 words)

	News
		In mid 1996 the Brazilian Navy got the green light after a study for the possibility of acquisition of fixed-wing Aircraft with the main mission to provide aerial ways of interception and attack.
		The reason for this decision was to increase the operative capacity of the Brazilian Naval Forces and the Aircraft’s also have to be compatible to start and land from the Brazilian Aircraft carrier the NAel Minas Gerais (A11) later replaced by the Aircraft Carrier the Sao Paulo(A12).
		At the 2nd of October 1998, the day of the 82nd Anniversary of Brazilian Naval Aviation the Skyhawks were officially added to the inventory of the Brazilian Navy and the new first squadron of interception and attack VF-1 “Falcões” Portugese for Hawks was born.
	www.rdavp.com /VF1.htm (569 words)

	Navy League of the United States - Citizens in Support of the Sea Services
		Currently, the Navy is calling for the delivery of the first unit by 2008, which coincides with the planned decommissioning of the first Pondicherry-class minesweeper.
		Brazilian sources indicated in late May that a special budget of around $7.8 million was to be released immediately for the completion of a land-based nuclear reactor prototype that will be utilized in the SNAC-2 nuclear-powered submarine program.
		The Egyptian Navy submarine force, as well as the majority of its major surface combatant and FAC force, falls outside the limited funding of FMS, forcing the sea service to look for the best financial deals, which include the used market.
	www.navyleague.org /sea_power/jul_04_44.php (1028 words)

	The Trinidade Island Photograph - UFO Evidence
		The ship had previously been a Brazilian Navy training vessel, but it had been converted into a hydrographic unit to be used for IGY-related research.
		I was told by the Navy officers that the analyses proved they were genuine -excluding definitely the possibility of a trick or falsification.
		Almiro Barauna, who was at Trindade Island at the invitation of the Navy, and in the presence of a large number of the crew of Almirante Saldanha from whose deck the photographs were taken.
	www.ufoevidence.org /documents/doc640.htm (2569 words)

	MEDLINE_1996-2006 - Resultado de la búsqueda <página 1>
		METHODS: Cancer proportionate mortality was estimated using death certificates and occupational histories of Brazilian navy servicemen aged 19 or more in the period of 1991 to 1995.
		The population of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) was chosen as referent group because this city concentrates 70% of all Navy servicemen.
		CONCLUSIONS: In this study, servicemen of the Brazilian Navy Force have a distinct cancer mortality profile from the general reference population.
	www.bireme.br /cgi-bin/wxislind.exe/iah/online/?IsisScript=iah/iah.xis&nextAction=lnk&base=MEDLINE_1996-2006&exprSearch=10973157&indexSearch=UI&lang=e (193 words)

	Chapter XI: Military Relations With Brazil Before Pearl Harbor
		Brazilian aid under the first hypothesis would include the use of its air and naval bases and the supply of strategic raw materials, and Brazil pledged itself to prepare for rendering such aid by building up its defenses as rapidly as possible.
		The Navy reached a satisfactory agreement with its Brazilian counterpart, the Brazilian Navy promising "to interpose no objections to advance discreet operations of United States Naval Forces in the Natal area and outlying Islands, both ashore and afloat." These operations could be carried on in advance of any actual attack from abroad against this area.
		Therefore, the Brazilian President and his Foreign Minister had to move slowly, but by early November they were openly announcing their intention of supporting the United States should it be drawn into the war.
	www.army.mil /cmh-pg/books/wwii/Framework/ch11.htm (12700 words)

	NWCR article, Winter 1997: de la Fuente (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Neither the Argentineans nor the Brazilians consider the ties between their navies to be "confidence-building measures"--but they are in fact a vehicle for promoting confidence, in that they establish relationships and build trust between professionals working together in spite of nationality.
		Every year each navy sends an officer in the rank of lieutenant commander who has graduated from its own war college to the other country's institution, to spend the academic year with his counterparts in the host navy and normally with guests from other navies as well.
		The U.S. Navy could play a key role, for two reasons: it maintains a very good relationship with both the Argentine and Chilean navies, and there are already several arenas where it could be influential in strengthening the bonds between them.
	www.nwc.navy.mil /press/Review/1997/winter/art3wi97.htm (12152 words)

	Flag Officers of the Brazilian Navy
		The flag for an admiral (of any rank) commanding a force (almirante comandante de força) is the same as the appropriate admiral's rank flag with an anchor added in the lower hoist quarter (unless the command is of a Marine force (Fuzileiros Navais), when the FN badge is set there).
		Admirals of the Brazilian Navy originally flew the Cruzeiro as their flag of rank, the point of hoist (mainmast, foremast, mizzenmast) corresponding to their rank, as in other navies at the time.
		The use of stars in the upper hoist to indicate rank (as well as the flag of the Minister of Marine with the star of the republican coat of arms in the upper hoist) date from the 1890s.
	www.fotw.us /flags/br~^fo.html (580 words)

	Articles: Contra Torpedeiro Pará — Artificial wreck of the brazilian navy
		Built in 1942 for the U.S Navy and named USS Guest — DD 472, this vessel was transfered to the Brazilian navy in 1959 after four years of duty in the U.S Navy in the world war two.
		The Transference happened by leasing and in August of 1973 the CT Pará was officially a vessel of the Brazilian Navy.
		Nowadays, brazilians technical wreck divers are crossing distances bigger than 20 miles to do some dives and we expect that in the next few years, these divers reacheven more far distances to find new shipwrecks.
	www.brasilmergulho.com.br /ing/artigos/008.shtml (370 words)

	UFOS at close sight: the trindade Island photographic case of 1958
		(The Brazilian Navy estimated the speed of the object to be 600 to 700 mph.) The object shown in the four photos resembles the planet Saturn, and it is not luminous.
		Nonetheless, this same report transcribes the official position of the Brazilian government, referring to a carefully worded communiqué issued by the Ministry of the Navy, denying any attempt to suppress the release of the photos that were taken by Mr.
		It was his recollection also that the Navy had calculated that the object at its closest was 14 km distant and that the object appeared the same size as the full moon (1/2 deg).
	www.ufologie.net /htm/trindade58.htm (6066 words)

	Going Brazilian, Navy style
		Since 1965 the Navy’s air assets had been limited to helicopters because the President decided that fixed-wing aircraft were the exclusive territory of the Air Force.
		The country was offered a US Navy Forrestal-class carrier, but turned it down because it was considered too expensive to operate and too big for the maximum of 25 aircraft it would carry.
		Although the Brazilian economic situation is in flux, there are plans to purchase a fleet of drastically modified S-2T Turbo Trackers for airborne early warning, aerial refueling and carrier onboard delivery.
	www.airsceneuk.org.uk /hangar/2004/saopaulo/saopaulo.htm (845 words)

	S (25)
		pre-1910 rank flags of the portuguese navy
		soviet navy, 1935-1950 (initial flags of the second pattern)
		soviet navy: ceremonial and honour ensigns (1950-1992)
	flagspot.net /flags/k-s-25.htm (879 words)

	Brazil Goes to War
		The first moments of the Brazilian troops in Italy were dedicated to acquiring and training with new equipment, since the uniform and gear of the Brazilian Army would not fit the different climate and tough exigencies of a modern war (yes, it was obsolete).
		The Brazilian troops were filling the gap left by several divisions of the 5th US Army and French Expeditionary Force that went to the invasion in the South of France.
		On 2nd May, Brazilian Forces entered the city of Turin, in the Northeast of Italy, meeting French Mountain troops in the frontier, while in the North, FEB was on the heels of German Forces still on the run.
	www.closecombat.org /BrClan/HC/brazil_goes_to_war.htm (1718 words)

	NTI: Submarine: Brazil Capabilities
		The Brazilian Navy currently operates a flotilla of four Tupi-class (modified German Type 209) submarines, which are based at Base Almirante Castro e Silva, Mocangue Island, near Rio de Janeiro.
		The Brazilian Navy is responsible for the protection of some 7,400 km of coastline.
		This material is produced independently for NTI by the Center for Nonproliferation Studies at the Monterey Institute of International Studies and does not necessarily reflect the opinions of and has not been independently verified by NTI or its directors, officers, employees, agents.
	www.nti.org /db/submarines/brazil/index.html (409 words)

	THE BRAZILIAN AIR FORCE (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Brazilian Navy, apparently not happy with this attempt at joint operations, established the Naval School of Aviation in August 1916.
		Brazilian Army aviators may have been proud of their achievements, but––like their U.S. counterparts––they believed aviation should be separate and independent from the surface components.
		On 13 June 1941, the Secretary of the Navy and Secretary of War forwarded to the President a report of the Joint Planning Committee of the Joint Army and Navy Board recommending that immediate consent of the Brazilian government be obtained to move Army and Navy security forces to northeast Brazil.
	www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil /airchronicles/aureview/1986/jul-aug/daab.html (3266 words)

	MaritimeDigital Archive Encyclopedia - Home > 003f Surface vessels (1940-1944) > Aircraft carriers - Light aircraft ...
		In her service years, due to jurisdiction problems with the Brazilian Air Force, the Navy could not operate fixed-wing aircraft and the S-2 Trackers were operated by the Air Force on behalf of the Navy.
		The Argentine Navy used her to qualify and train naval aviators after her sister ship ARA Veinticinco de Mayo was confined to port due to engines problems.
		She served for 42 years in the Brazilian Navy and was replaced by NAeL São Paulo in 2000.
	www.ibiblio.org /maritime/Newspaper/index.php?cat=1280 (541 words)

	[No title]
		The new minister of the Navy was to be Admiral Marques Leao.
		Brazilian battleship, they also knew of the escape clause and that Leao was the key man to convince.
		During their interview the Kaiser assured the Brazilian that the 12-inch Krupp guns were magnificent weapons and that Krupps would do a superb job on the third Brazilian dreadnought.
	www.steelnavy.com /CombrigAgincourt.htm (9514 words)

	U.S. Navy - A Brief History of Aircraft Carriers - USS Kitty Hawk (CV 63)
		Navy tactical air from these carriers flew sorties against military and logistic targets in the southern part of North Vietnam that were involved in the invasion of South Vietnam.
		Principal Navy aircraft were the A-7 and A-6, which accounted for roughly 60 and 15 percent of the Navy's attack sorties, respectively.
		The First Navy Jack, a flag consisting of 13 horizontal, alternating red and white stripes with a rattlesnake across the center, bears the motto, "Don't Tread On Me." Conceived in 1775 by Commodore Esek Hopkins of the Continental Navy, the flag was first used as a signal among ships to engage the enemy.
	www.chinfo.navy.mil /navpalib/ships/carriers/histories/cv63-kittyhawk/cv63-kittyhawk.html (10440 words)

	Online Library of Selected Images
		Women and the U.S. Navy -- World War I era Yeomen (F)
		Women and the U.S. Navy -- World War II era WAVES
		Washington, D.C. Washington Navy Yard, Naval Gun Factory and Naval Weapons Plant
	www.history.navy.mil /branches/org11-2.htm (387 words)

	The Amica Insurance Tall Ships Rhode Island 2007
		Its keel was laid on Nov. 9, 1998, launched and christened on Aug. 4, 1999, delivered to Brazilian Navy on Feb. 4, 2000, and commissioned as a Brazilian naval vessel on March 9, 2000.
		Cisne Branco is normally used in national and international representation activities to showcase the Brazilian Navy and Brazilian culture.
		The training vessel of the German navy, Gorch Fock II is a proud symbol of Germany’s distinguished sailing and shipbuilding traditions.
	www.tallshipsrhodeisland.org /ships.html (2140 words)

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