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Topic: Breadcrumb (navigation)

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	definition: breadcrumb navigation, topic path, trail \| Motive Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Breadcrumb navigation (also referred to as a ‘breadcrumb trail’), locates the current webpage in the context of a navigation path.
		In addition, topic-path navigation is often presented as a breadcrumb.
		Transcript breadcrumb navigation is also useful when an item is assigned multiple, nonhierarchical classifications, in other words, when there are a number of different, equally valid paths to the same webpage.
	www.motive.co.nz /glossary/breadcrumb.php (685 words)

	Web Design Practices \| Breadcrumb Navigation
		Breadcrumb navigation shows the user's path to their current location.
		Breadcrumb navigation was expected to be a global characteristic—that is, a site would either provide breadcrumb navigation on its pages or not.
		However, breadcrumbs would occasionally be present on some, but not all, pages along the sample path.
	www.webdesignpractices.com /navigation/breadcrumb.html (94 words)

	Usability News - 5.2 2003 -- Breadcrumb Navigation: Further Investigation of Usage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Breadcrumb trails give location information and links in a backward linear manner; whereas, navigation methods, such as search fields or horizontal/vertical navigation bars, serve to retrieve information for the user in a forward-seeking approach.
		Breadcrumb users were found to use the Back button less often than users who did not use the breadcrumb; however, no differences were found in the efficiency measures of total pages visited, navigation bar clicks, embedded link clicks, or time to complete the search tasks.
		Breadcrumb trails positioned under the page title (at eye level and closer to other links on the page) were used more than breadcrumb trails positioned at the top of the page.
	psychology.wichita.edu /surl/usabilitynews/52/breadcrumb.htm (1899 words)

	[No title]
		Navigation controls are typically placed on the left or along the top of Web pages and might include the increasingly popular breadcrumb navigation (which shows the path the user has walked through), creating an overall menu system.
		Sometimes navigation elements are hardcoded, but more often than not, navigation items are kept in a data store for read-only access at run time, whether in a database (and cached) or in XML configuration files.
		Breadcrumb navigation allows users to understand quickly where they are within the site without having to go back to the home page and start over.
	msdn.microsoft.com /msdnmag/issues/04/06/NavigationControls/default.aspx (3906 words)

	Breadcrumb Navigation
		Breadcrumb navigation is also commonly known as "breadcrumbs" and is so named because it provides a trail of clicks someone can follow to find a Web page, much like dropping breadcrumbs through a forest provides a trail from a known starting location.
		That kind of navigation appears similar to the eye, but it is a different kind of breadcrumbs trail which shows progress through a site from click to click.
		In contrast, our structural breadcrumbs shows the location of a page in the structure, and in cases where we link from deep within one branch of the site to a different major branch within the site, the breadcrumbs can change significantly with just one click.
	pharmacy.ucsf.edu /webdev/guide/8/style/nav/breadcrumb (345 words)

	Website Usability Breadcrumbs and Left Side Navigation
		The results of the study did not suggest that breadcrumb navigation was detrimental to a website's usability, but it did not suggest that it significantly increased usability either.
		However, their study also concluded that breadcrumb navigation bars do require more initial work to get used to them and be able to use them to your advantage.
		Breadcrumb navigation is still too new and uncommon for users to truly reap its benefits, but as they get used to it, it does increase speed and usability.
	www.webpronews.com /webdevelopment/basicdevelopment/wpn-37-20041210WebsiteUsabilityBreadcrumbsandLeftSideNavigation.html (2162 words)

	Usability News - 5.1 2003 -- Breadcrumb Navigation: An Exploratory Study of Usage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In general, breadcrumbs serve two purposes: 1) they provide information to the user as to where they are located within the site, and 2) they offer shortcut links for users to “jump” to previous categories in the sequence without using the Back key, other navigation bars, or the search engine.
		The median split of breadcrumb usage was found to be 4.0, within a range of 0 to 21, 28 (48%) of the participants were categorized into non-breadcrumb user (<4) and 31 (52%) as a breadcrumb user (≥4).
		Although it would appear from past research that the breadcrumb path aids the user in navigation efficiency and their place within the site, our results did not find that to be the case.
	psychology.wichita.edu /surl/usabilitynews/51/breadcrumb.htm (2041 words)

	Breadcrumb Navigation Study -> High Rankings® Search Engine Optimization Forum
		Breadcrumbs are really of an advantage if the user knows what categories are UNDER each of the breadcrumbs shown in the list.
		Here on HR I use the breadcrumbs since I have dug down and read the news in a particluar category and am ready to jump to a KNOWN comletely different category and it is now faster to jump up those two or three levels than try and use the back button.
		Breadcrumbs are good in that they give you some sense of where you are in the site.
	www.highrankings.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=3935 (1634 words)

	EServer TC Library: Breadcrumb Navigation: An Exploratory Study of Usage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Breadcrumbs serve two purposes: 1) they provide information to the user as to where they are located within the site, and 2) they offer shortcut links for users to “jump” to previous categories in the sequence without using the Back key, other navigation bars, or the search engine.
		Navigation methods, such as search fields or horizontal/vertical navigation bars, serve to retrieve information for the user in a forward-seeking approach.
		As suggested by Marchionini, systems that support navigation by both browsing and analytical strategies are most beneficial to users since various patterns, strategies, tactics, and moves associated with both types of strategies are normally used.
	tc.eserver.org /18282.html (150 words)

	Past Issues - UI Design Newsletter
		Specifically, breadcrumbs are a secondary form of navigation (see figure below) that, in some cases, provide users the decision path they took to arrive at that page.
		Incidentally, anecdotal and proprietary studies suggest that it's not breadcrumbs but their visual design and placement that mitigates use: Users note design elements that are highly salient/important (e.g., global navigation), highly visible or is in the area they are looking at on the screen.
		And when the breadcrumb navigation trail is visible and presented where the user is looking, users tend to exploit them more.
	www.humanfactors.com /downloads/oct04.asp (1610 words)

	Web Design References: Navigation
		Breadcrumb Navigation: An Exploratory Study of Usage - Bonnie Lida, Spring Hull, and Katie Pilcher.
		Breadcrumb Navigation: Further Investigation of Usage - B. Lida Rogers and B. Chaparro.
		Navigational Issues in the Design of On-Line Self-Administered Questionnaires: The Effect of Training and Familiarity - Kent L. Norman, Timothy J. Pleskac, and Kirk Norman.
	www.d.umn.edu /is/support/Training/Online/webdesign/navigation.html (2280 words)

	Breadcrumb Navigation: There's More to Hansel and Gretel than Meets the Eye
		While the story inspires the term “breadcrumb navigation”, it also provides a metaphor of Web usage that is much stronger than many designers realise (see footnote).
		Of course, this raises the-not-entirely-trivial issue of trying to explain breadcrumb navigation via the web, but we could reasonably expect that this would be a short-term measure.
		Strictly speaking “breadcrumb navigation” is a misnomer since Hansel's breadcrumbs were eaten by birds with the result that he and Gretel remained lost, started snacking on the witch's gingerbread house, and so on.
	www.syntagm.co.uk /design/articles/breadcrumbs.htm (820 words)

	Website Navigation Tips - WebsiteGear
		A breadcrumb trail provides a quick way for the user to know what section or branch this webpage is in.
		It is essential to provide a top navigation menu (as the top bar) which is consistent in look and feel for all the pages in the website.
		Image navigation may be obviously clear to the web designer, but may be confusing to some users.
	content.websitegear.com /article/navigation.htm (908 words)

	IAwiki: BreadCrumbs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		[Breadcrumb Navigation: An Exploratory Study of Usage] and [Further Study of Usage] at SURL" While 40% of people used the breadcrumbs, no differences were found in the efficiency measures of total pages visited, navigation bar clicks, embedded link clicks, or time to complete the search tasks.
		A very brief [summary of BreadCrumbs research] from CHI-WEB, including a link to a [bread crumbs research paper] by students from Maryland University.
		Recent studies have shown that while the use of breadcrumb trails to navigate a website can be helpful, few users choose to utilize this method of navigation.
	www.iawiki.net /BreadCrumbs (509 words)

	Study finds breadcrumb navigation useful \| Holovaty.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A University of Maryland study examines the usefulness of what it calls "structural navigation bars" -- otherwise known as breadcrumb navigation.
		In both cases, the breadcrumbs are extremely valuable tools, not only functioning as navigational shortcuts "up" and "down" the site tree, but also helping users orient themselves in the site.
		It reminds me of sacbee's navigation scheme, which is one of my favorites.
	www.holovaty.com /blog/02/07/28/1515 (651 words)

	Exploring User Mental Models of Breadcrumbs in Web Navigation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Breadcrumbs are used as a textual representation of the current page’s location in a Web site’s hierarchy, and serve as a method of moving around the site that does not require using the back button, other navigation elements, or search.
		A breadcrumb was considered to have been used for a task if the participant either clicked on a breadcrumb link or explicitly stated that he/she had noticed it during the attempt to complete the task.
		So it is with breadcrumbs as navigation elements: if a breadcrumb label happens to match what the user is looking for, and the user happens to see it, they may indeed use the links provided.
	www.angelacolter.com /site/breadcrumbs (2361 words)

	Navigation: An Often Neglected Component of Web Authorship
		Readers tend to ignore navigation and anything else in the margins of the page.
		A breadcrumb trail is a special kind of navigation bar, featuring a hierarchical row of links (like the ones at the top of this page), each of which represents a "node" (a point at which the reader makes a decision).
		Using a breadcrumb trail prevents you from cluttering up every page on your site with links to every other page -- huge navigation bars can become overwhelming if they offer more than about 8 or 10 choices, and readers quickly learn to ignore everything that is not content.
	jerz.setonhill.edu /writing/e-text/navigation.htm (2593 words)

	Markashields.com » Breadcrumb Navigation 0.8.8 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Note: the breadcrumb can be placed anywhere but inside "the loop"; however, the best place is right after .
		At that moment it no longer is a breadcrumb (one-line) and needs to be a multiple line to make sense (maybe use the same tree/branch structure like the wp_list_cats() function).
		Breadcrumbs If you’re viewing this post from the homepage (or via a feed reader) then click the post title and have a look at the “you are here” navigation thing (a.k.a.
	markashields.com /2005/03/19/breadcrumb-navigation-088-for-wordpress-15 (1177 words)

	Zend Technologies - Code Gallery Spotlight - Breadcrumb Navigation
		Breadcrumb navigation breaks the site into links of categories and sub-categories, until the reader finally reaches the actual page they want (in our example, "Code Gallery Spotlight").
		This week, we'll explore the mysteries behind creating breadcrumb navigation for your pages dynamically with Peter Bowyer, and his submission "Breadcrumbs navigation".
		The first is a function that returns a string that represents the HTML to display the breadcrumb navigator.
	www.zend.com /zend/spotlight/breadcrumb28.php (904 words)

	Adobe - WebHelp (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Breadcrumb Navigation - Roger N - 08/16/2005 08:14:47 PM
		I am trying to implement breadcrumb navigation in a WebHelp project and I cannot seem to get it up and running.
		The last item of the breadcrumb trail will be the title of the current page itself, not a link.
	www.macromedia.com /cfusion/webforums/forum/messageview.cfm?catid=451&threadid=1040813&enterthread=y (671 words)

	InfoDesign Archive of Navigation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Sixty-four participants were divided equally into two groups and assigned to either the left- or the right-hand navigation test condition.
		The hypothesis that the left-hand navigation would perform significantly faster than the right-hand navigation was not supported.
		The navigation metaphor tries to provide a framework to explain users moving to and through an information space." (Thomas Vander Wal)
	www.bogieland.com /infodesign/archive/cat_navigation.htm (450 words)

	Boyink Interactive, LLC > Breadcrumb Navigation: Further Investigation of Usage > Comments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Breadcrumb users were not found to be more efficient than users who did not use the breadcrumb.
		Google is too well known as a "type your keywords and get results" type search engine to effectively gauge the use of navigating it alternatively using breadcrumb trails.
		While the numbers don't show breadcrumbs to be a "killer app" for navigation, I'm still a big proponent of them.
	www.boyink.com /comments/P212_0_1_0 (402 words)

	Breadcrumb Navigation - WebsiteGear
		The term "breadcrumb" comes from the fairy tale of Hansel and Gretel, where they leave pieces of bread while going through the woods, so that they can return back following the trail of breadcrumbs.
		The same technique is used in website navigation, where a trail of links are displayed to the user to tell exactly where that web page is located on the website.
		Creating a breadcrumb navigation for a website can be a daunting task if not planned properly.
	content.websitegear.com /article/breadcrumb_navigation.htm (690 words)

	Digital Web Magazine - Navigation Complex
		Breadcrumb navigation is a linear path through a (usually) hierarchical site structure.
		A DHTML hierarchical navigation combined with a text navigation presents the hierarchical navigation on all pages and it gives experienced users the possibility to immediately jump to the page of their choice.
		This goes for navigation even more than for other aspects of a Web site, since a site with an incomprehensible navigation is totally useless.
	www.digital-web.com /columns/keepitsimple/keepitsimple_2002-12.shtml (919 words)

	Cre8asite Forums -> Do you use breadcrumb navigation? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		To me, breadcrumbs aren't so much a navigation tool that I may or may not "use", but rather, they are a visual indication as to just where I actually am on the web site.
		I've developed one transactional app, in particular, where a kind of breadcrumb was the primary means of navigation in certain modes.
		For example, they increase navigation ease of use, but if relied upon to help FIND something, they are found to be less useful.
	www.cre8asiteforums.com /viewtopic.php?p=97742 (1237 words)

	Homeward path « Patterns « VisibleArea.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		When the user performs a search, he does not use the main navigation but jumps directly to a page, so he can loose sense of location easily.
		May 2003) shows that usage of the breadcrumb is low, and that users using breadcrumbs did not navigate more efficiently.
		The follow-up research confirms that users are using the breadcrumb sparingly, if at all, and that "no differences were found in the efficiency measures of total pages visited, navigation bar clicks, embedded link clicks, or time to complete the search tasks".
	www.visiblearea.com /cgi-bin/twiki/view/Patterns/Homeward_path (569 words)

	Turnkey Web Tools Forum - Breadcrumb Navigation Bug (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The basic problem is that the breadcrumb navigation breaks down once a product is selected.
		Category navigation is one thing, once you click on a product however, you are taken to the product screen and the product full name is displayed in the navigation area.
		Breadcrumb navigation is expected to reflect the customers pathway through the site exactly, so even with a 'main' category assigned to the product there will be a problem if the customer arrives at the product through a non-main category.
	www.turnkeywebtools.com /forum/showthread.php?p=8670 (862 words)

	AoA Homepage > Visitor's Guide
		Breadcrumb navigation is a widely-employed navigation method used to solve two of the three questions posed by users as they move through a web site, namely:
		Breadcrumb navigation displays the current page's context within the site structure.
		The term "breadcrumb" is as in "Hansel and Gretel" - leaving a trail of crumbs in order to find their way back out of the forest.
	www.aoa.dhhs.gov /siteutil/visguide.asp (4090 words)

	InfoDesign: Understanding by Design - News \| Navigation
		Navigation blindness: How to deal with the fact that people tend to ignore navigation
		Influence of Training and Exposure on the Usage of Breadcrumb Navigation
		Navigational Issues in the Design of On-Line Self-Administered Questionnaires: The Effect of Training and Familiarity
	www.informationdesign.org /archives/cat_navigation.php (1547 words)

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