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Topic: Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Program

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Pitch drive

Bias drive

Diametric drive

Differential sail

Alcubierre drive

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	Breakthrough Propulsion Physics
		This research falls within the realm of physics instead of technology, with the distinction being that physics is about uncovering the laws of nature while technology is about applying that physics to build useful devices.
		This is the motivation of breakthrough propulsion physics research.
		Regardless of whether the breakthroughs are found, this inquiry provides an additional perspective with which to seek answers to the lingering unknowns of our universe.
	www.grc.nasa.gov /WWW/bpp (779 words)

	Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Program - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Program (BPP) is a research program which was funded from 1996 through 2002 by NASA, in the hope of studying various proposals for "revolutionary" methods of spacecraft propulsion which would require breakthroughs in physics before they could be realized, hence the name.
		Specific proposals studied under the aegis of the BPP included the diametric drive, the pitch drive, the bias drive, the Alcubierre drive, the disjunction drive, and the differential sail.
		It has also been claimed that the Alcubierre drive is grounded in a well-established physical effect, the Casimir effect, which is currently understood in terms of quantum field theory, but this is also rather misleading.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bias_drive (680 words)

	APL Colloquium
		Such is the case with rocket propulsion and the emergence of scientific literature on wormholes, warp drives, superluminal quantum effects, quantum vacuum fluctuations, and various other effects.
		Specifically, the program has three grand challenges: (1) Discover propulsion methods which eliminate or dramatically reduce the need for propellant; (2) Discover methods for achieving the shortest possible travel times (includes the study of methods to circumvent observed limits); and (3) Discover new modes of on-board energy generation to power the propulsion devices.
		To investigate these possibilities, a variety of research tasks were recently selected through a competitive process to form the Breakthrough Propulsion Physics program sponsored jointly by the Advanced Space Transportation Program, managed by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, and the Advanced Concepts Program of the NASA Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.
	www.jhuapl.edu /colloquium/topics/millis.html (369 words)

	Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Research Program
		Because the breakthrough goals are beyond existing science, a main emphasis of this program is to establish metrics and ground rules to produce near-term credible progress toward these incredible possibilities.
		Seeking such visionary and application-focused physics is not a usual activity for aerospace institutions, so this program faces both the technical challenge of discovering the desired breakthroughs and the programmatic challenges of how to conduct this work.
		Any individual who thinks they have a breakthrough device or theory is strongly advised to collaborate with a university or other educational institute to conduct a credible test of their claim.
	www.padrak.com /ine/BTPPAPER.html (2483 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Program
		The Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Program (BPP) is a research program which was funded from 1996 through 2002 by NASA, in the hope of studying various proposals for "revolutionary" methods of spacecraft propulsion which would require breakthroughs in physics before they could be realized, hence the name.
		It has also been claimed that the Alcubierre drive is grounded in a well-established physical effect, the Casimir effect, which is currently understood in terms of quantum field theory, but this is also rather misleading.
		Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Project (Marc Millis explains on this page that NASA has not sponsored this project since 2002, but he apparently hopes to reinstate funding.)
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Bias_drive (895 words)

	BPP-NASA - Cetin BAL - GSM:+90 05366063183 -Turkiye/Denizli
		One of the first major milestones of the program was to convene a workshop with established physicists, government researchers and select innovators to jointly examine new theories and phenomena from scientific literature that have reawakened consideration that such breakthroughs may be achievable.
		The purpose of the workshop was to examine emerging physics in the context of seeking propulsion breakthroughs.
		Since the first two breakthroughs could require breakthroughs in energy generation, and since the physics underlying the propulsion goals is closely linked to energy physics, it is also of interest to discover fundamentally new modes of energy generation.
	www.zamandayolculuk.com /cetinbal/BPPNASA.htm (4886 words)

	Pushing The Envelope at Glenn
		Even with the most ambitious new propulsion technology based on known physics, it would still be extremely difficult for a probe to reach that far within 50 years.
		The Glenn Breakthrough Propulsion Physics program is part of a continuing effort to provide the scientific advancements necessary for future propulsion technology.
		It is funded by the Advanced Space Transportation Program, managed by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, and the Advanced Concepts Program of the NASA Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/future-99i.html (635 words)

	NASA's Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Program
		This program is specifically interested in the physics of how to propel a space vehicle as far and as fast as possible with the least amount of effort.
		One of the first major milestones of the program was to convene a workshop with established physicists, government researchers and select innovators to jointly examine the new theories and phenomena in the context of seeking propulsion breakthroughs.
		Since the first two breakthroughs could require breakthroughs in energy generation, and since the physics underlying the propulsion goals is closely linked to energy physics, it is also of interest to discover fundamentally new modes of energy generation.
	www.geocities.com /Area51/Shadowlands/6583/project301.html (6449 words)

	Final Gallery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Propulsion is one of these all-important topics, in that it is the literal power behind our transportation to and from our frontier destinations.
		These breakthroughs need to be achieved in three specific areas, according to Marc G. Millis of the NASA Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Program.
		Though the actual physical force of the sunâs rays is rarely considered at all (we usually speak in terms of energy, light, heat, etc.), it does actually exert a gentle âpushâ on the object it hits.
	aerospacescholars.jsc.nasa.gov /has/Students/finalGall.cfm?id=1086 (1722 words)

	chemproject
		NASA began a program in 1996 known as the Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Program.
		This program is designed to research and explore new possibilities with the hopes of one day finding the ultimate breakthroughs in space transportation.
		Breakthroughs more likely to occur in the near future are those relating to current space shuttle technology.
	www.cem.msu.edu /~cem181h/projects/98/lightspeed/group.htm (3137 words)

	ScienceWeek Message Board (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Li published a 1991 paper in the Physical Review-D on gravity-modification experiments based on the interaction between a rotating superconductor in a electromagnetic field and the local gravity field.
		The funding for gravity-modification research is through the breakthrough propulsion physics program of NASA's Advanced Space Exploration Program.
		Together with the Lewis Research Center, the NASA program has identified propulsion theories, often controversial, that have been identified by a loosely-organized group of physics peers as having a sound theoretical basis that could be extended through experiment.
	scienceweek.com /swbb/messages/bb174.htm (1702 words)

	Prospects for an Interstellar Mission: Hard Technology Limits but Surprising Physics Possibilites (from Mercury ...
		The Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Program (see Marc Millis’s BPPP website at www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/bpp/) is designed to address the most visionary end of the scale of concepts within NASA’s Advanced Space Transportation Program: the ideas and speculations that might be cultivated now to lead in the future to the possibility of interstellar travel.
		The program objective is to produce near-term, credible, and measureable progress toward revolutionary space travel by organizing and cultivating a network to foster collaboration among established researchers.
		He is the director of the California Institute for Physics and Astrophysics (www.calphysics.org) in Palo Alto and a Scientific Editor for the Astrophysical Journal.
	www.calphysics.org /articles/merc2000a.html (4846 words)

	Hutchison effect - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hutchison maintains that none can be the result of known physical phenomena, such as electromagnetism.
		They add that the Casimir effect, while a genuine physical effect, has often been invoked by people seeking an energetic "free-lunch", in defiance of the laws of thermodynamics.
		The Hutchison effect has been featured in television programs aired on The Discovery Channel, The Learning Channel, and Nippon Television.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hutchison_effect (873 words)

	Physics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		With this in mind, in 1996, NASA established the Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Project (BPP) in an effort to create new and improved methods of traveling through space.
		This implies discovering a means to move a vehicle at or near the actual maximum speed limit for motion through space or through the modification of spacetime itself.
		This third goal is included in the program since the first two goals could require breakthroughs in energy generation to power them and since the physics underlying the propulsion goals is closely linked to energy physics.
	www.du.edu /~aperry1/physics.html (691 words)

	The big mystery: Interstellar travel - UFO Evidence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Although the situation gets much better with ion propulsion or antimatter concepts, the numbers get astronomical again if you want to get there in less time than 900 years, or if you actually want to stop when you reach your destination.
		Physics continues to uncover new possibilities — possibilities that might someday solve the challenges of interstellar flight.
		Even if we don’t achieve a propulsion breakthrough during my lifetime or my children’s lifetime, and even if such a breakthrough is impossible — I am firmly convinced that we as a society will gain far more from trying than if we didn’t.
	www.etcontact.net /documents/doc1061.htm (1150 words)

	Objective 10 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		When the ion propulsion system was first activated on November 10, the engine shut itself off after 4.5 minutes, and engineers were unable to restart it later that day.
		Science continues to evolve, and new theories and physical phenomena are emerging that may have profound implications for future space flight.
		Under this program, NASA Glenn Research Center announced the selection of six proposals for experiments and theoretical work in Breakthrough Propulsion Physics— research that may ultimately lead to methods of practical interstellar travel.
	www.aero-space.nasa.gov /docs/ar99/obj10.html (1971 words)

	NASA - Ideas Based On What We’d Like To Achieve
		It has been shown that is theoretically possible to create a continuously propulsive effect by the juxtaposition of negative and positive mass and that such a scheme does not violate conservation of momentum or energy.
		Regarding the physics of negative mass, it is not known whether negative mass exists or if it is even theoretically allowed, but methods have been suggested to search for evidence of negative mass in the context of searching for astronomical evidence of wormholes.
		A "space drive" can be defined as an idealized form of propulsion where the fundamental properties of matter and spacetime are used to create propulsive forces anywhere in space without having to carry and expel a reaction mass.
	www.nasa.gov /centers/glenn/research/warp/ideachev.html (1475 words)

	Crank Dot Net \| propulsion
		After the craft was built it was moved to a building to be fueled it was placed in a large concave shaped structure imbeded in the floor then there was a highly charged electrical field applied to the surface of the concave structure."
		"In 1996, NASA established the Breakthrough Propulsion Physics program to seek the ultimate breakthroughs in space transportation: 1.
		propulsion that attains the maximum transit speeds physically possible, and 3.
	www.crank.net /propulsion.html (480 words)

	ANTI-GRAVITY, ANTI-MATTER: A DISCUSSION OF PROPULSION TECHNOLOGIES AND BACK-ENGINEERING
		One of the most interesting parts of this program centered on the story of Bob Lazar, a jet-propulsion car builder who claims that he was asked to do research work to back-engineer technologies on captured alien spacecraft located at S-4.
		To be surveyed are a host of theories, physical evidence and anomalous effects that have recently emerged but have not yet been rigorously assessed.
		A member of the breakthrough propulsion physics product definition team, Frisbee underscores the fact that studying such topics as faster-than-light travel, leaping across space and time via wormhole, anti-gravity and other research tracks, is a high risk activity.
	www.think-aboutit.com /ufo/antigravity_antimatter.htm (2157 words)

	NASA Breakthrough Propulsion Physics (BPP) Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Project is managed by Marc Millis of the Glenn Research Center (GRC), and was
		Millis, M.G., "NASA Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Program", Acta Astronautica, 44 (1999), pp.
		Millis and Williamson, ed., (1999) "NASA Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Workshop Proceedings," NASA/CP-1999-208694, Proceedings of a conference held at and sponsored by NASA Lewis Research Center in Cleveland Ohio, August 12-14, 1997.
	www.worldnewsstand.net /04/sprpt/12-3.htm (1230 words)

	beyond -- NASA's Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Program -- stahlbrandt.com
		In July, 1996, a small new NASA research program was established to seek the breakthroughs that could one day revolutionize space travel and enable interstellar voyages.
		This program, called "Breakthrough Propulsion Physics," is led by Marc G. Millis of NASA’s Lewis Research Center and is a part of the comprehensive Advanced Space Transportation Program managed by the Marshall Space Flight Center.
		One is out to seek the ultimate breakthroughs in space transportation: (1) Propelling a vehicle without propellant mass, (2) attaining the maximum transit speeds physically possible, and (3) creating new energy production methods to power such devices.
	www.stahlbrandt.com /html/beyond/nasa_breakthrough_program.html (154 words)

	UFOS at close sight: NASA's breakthrough propulsion physics workgroup
		The topics are straight out of science fiction, but organizers of the Breakthrough Propulsion Physics workshop say they all have a basis in emerging areas of physics that involve faster-than-light travel, the properties of space and time, and the bizarre rules of quantum mechanics that govern the subatomic world.
		The field is called breakthrough propulsion physics, and NASA, the Air Force and others really are researching ways to zip through space some 50 years from now.
		Millis, the only NASA employee working fulltime on breakthrough physics, says the space agency is spending $40,000 a year on research and is contemplating boosting that to $500,000 a year.
	ufologie.net /htm/sciegrana.htm (2882 words)

	Breakthrough Propulsion Physics
		I’m interested in advances in physics that can be used as new power sources for spacecraft.
		NASA had a program, called the Breakthrough Propulsion Physics (BPP) program, that supported research into emerging areas of physics that could be used to power future spacecraft.
		Because these propulsion goals are presumably far from fruition, a special emphasis of the project is to identify and support affordable, near-term, and credible research that will make incremental progress toward these propulsion goals.
	www.physicsforums.com /showthread.php?p=931040#post931040 (424 words)

	Stardrive.org - - "Advances in the Proposed Electromagnetic ZeroPoint Field Theory of Inertia," by Dr. Bernhard ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In this ZPFinertia theory, mass is postulated to be not an intrinsic property of matter but rather a kind of electromagnetic drag force (which temporarily is a place holder for a more general quantum vacuum reaction effect) that proves to be acceleration dependent by virtue of the spectral characteristics of the ZPF.
		With regard to exotic propulsion we can definitively rule out one speculatively hypothesized mechanism: matter possessing negative inertial mass, a concept originated by Bondi (1957) 3 is shown to be logically impossible.
		This program is supported by the Space Transportation Research Of fice of the Advanced Space Transportation Program managed by Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC).
	www.stardrive.org /hrppaper.shtml (1491 words)

	12-5-97 Spaceport News, Page 10
		The Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Program established in 1996 is managed by Lewis Research Center (LeRC) in Cleveland, Ohio, and receives funding from the Advanced Space Transportation Program under NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center, where some related experiments are being conducted.
		The program’s first workshop held at LeRC in August was to assess the prospect of discovering breakthrough means to propel spacecraft as far and as fast as possible with the least amount of effort.
		Photo Caption: Chart from the Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Program managed by NASA's Lewis Research Center illustrates the need for a major paradigm shift in how we look at spacecraft speed and what is needed for future flights.
	www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov /kscpao/snews/1997/dec/dec5-10.htm (804 words)

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